When things change, time is often the time to form ancient and modern times.
Now we can climb the mountain to visit the historical sites preserved all over the country.
Weir water shows the river surface, and Yunmengze is cold and mysterious.
The monument to Yang Hucheng is still towering, and tears are wet after reading the epitaph.
Translation and annotation
Things in the world are constantly changing alternately,
Generation after generation, forever and ever.
Jiangshan retains famous historical sites.
Now let's go back to the boat and watch.
At the end of winter, the water level dropped and the fish pond became shallow.
More profound in the cold.
Yang hu's monument to tears still stands tall,
After reading the inscription, tears are infinitely sentimental.
1, metabolism: alternation, rotation.
2. Monument: refers to the monument to tears mentioned above.
3. Yu Liang: Zhou Yuliang, whose land is also in Xiangyang.
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This is a poem mourning the past and hurting the present. The so-called "hanging the ancient" means hanging the sheep monument on the first mountain in Xi' an. According to the Biography of the Book of Jin Yang Hucheng, when Yang Hucheng was in Jingxiang, he often went to this mountain to buy wine and recite scriptures. Once, he sighed to his fellow travelers: "If there is a universe, there will be this mountain. From the beginning, the wise man defeated the scholar. Look at this distance, there will be as many people as Qing and me. All will be forgotten, which makes people sad! " Yang hu had political achievements before his death. After his death, Xiangyang people built monuments and temples in Xianshan, and sacrificed at the age of 20. Those who look at its monument will cry. When the author climbs Xianshou Mountain and sees the stone tablet of Yang Gong, he will naturally think of yang hu. Clinging to the past and hurting the present, I can't help sighing about my life experience.
It is a common truth that secular things take turns and go back and forth between ancient times and modern times. From the change of dynasties to the rise and fall of a family, there are people's birth and death, joys and sorrows, and personnel are always changing. Who doesn't feel it? Winter goes to summer, and spring comes to Qiu Lai. Time keeps passing. Who doesn't feel this way? The first couplet was written out of thin air, seemingly irrelevant, but it drew the author's broad mind.
The second connector follows the first connector. Rivers and mountains remain unchanged in their glory, inheriting ancient words and still inheriting present words from this path. The author's sad mood began with his boarding today.
The third part is about what I saw and heard in mountaineering. Shallow refers to water, because the water falls, Zhou Yuliang is more exposed to water, so it is called shallow; Deep refers to the dream, the vast cloud dream, as far as the eye can see, the mountains are full, the vegetation is withered, and there is a scene of depression. The author grasped the unique local scenery at that time and extracted it, which not only showed the severe winter, but also set off the author's sadness.
Yang Gong's stone tablet is still there, which is an honorary word and very powerful. It contains complicated contents. Yang Hucheng was guarding Xiangyang in the early Jin Dynasty, and Meng Haoran wrote this poem in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. After more than 400 years, dynasties changed and personnel changed, so great! However, the Yang Gong Monument still stands on the first mountain, which is admirable. At the same time, it contains the author's sad mood. Yang Hucheng, more than 400 years ago, served the country (referring to gold) and did some good things for the people. It is famous for its eternal reputation. It makes me sad to think that I am still wearing a cloth and doing nothing, and I will inevitably get lost in obscurity after my death. The contrast between these two statues of Yang Gong monks is so sad that I can't help crying with us and reading the words on them.
The first two couplets of this poem are full of philosophy, while the last two couplets not only depict the scenery, but also are full of the author's passion, which makes it a poem of poets rather than philosophers. At the same time, the language is easy to understand, the feelings are sincere and moving, and it is famous for its profundity. Shen Deqian's comments on Meng Haoran's poems in Qing Dynasty were obtained from quiet enlightenment, so the language was light and the taste was not light. This poem is really interesting.
Xianshan nostalgia
Feed the horses to the suburbs and climb to the ancient city of Xiangyang.
Still sad because of tears, but also remembered Zhuge Liang's big platform.
The city is divided into Chu from here, and the mountains and rivers are half in the south of Wu.
Hills suddenly appeared on the plain, and the sages almost died of apoptosis.
The trees in the field were broken in the misty smoke, and the ferry building lost its father in the evening.
Who knows that I am a long journey, and the memory of the ancient past is hesitation.
To annotate ...
1. Raise horses: feed and release horses. Pro: Near. Here is the meaning of coming. Wilderness: The suburbs are far away. Old capital: refers to the ancient Xiangyang city. The author of these two sentences rode to the outer suburbs, climbed Mount Xi 'an and looked at Xiangyang City.
2 tears; That is, the Yanghu monument on the fairy mountain (the monument is square and the monument is round. This refers to the monument).
3 Wolong map: refers to Zhuge Liang's strategy. It should refer to Longzhong. Yes.
4 "City" sentence: Xiangyang was the border of Qin Chu during the Warring States Period, so there is a saying that "the city is far from Chu".
⑤ "Mountains and Rivers" sentence: Xiangyang is on the bank of the Hanshui River, and the Hanshui River enters the Yangtze River and enters Wu via Chu. The above two sentences are written about the vast realm seen in Xianshan.
6 "hill" sentence: refers to the hill rising from the plain; How many sages have passed away, and there are no successors. Sigh the changes in nature and the metabolism of people.
⑦ "wild tree" sentence: refers to the distant wild tree being blocked by boundless fog; The balcony of the ferry stands alone in the sunset.
(8) Wan Li guest: a wanderer who travels far away from home, referring to the author himself.
(9): Show a sad look.
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Xianshan, also known as Xianshou Mountain, is located in Jiuli, south of Xiangyang, Hubei Province, and is famous for its beautiful mountains and rivers and places of interest. Xianshan is ruled by Xiangyang, and the famous city Xiangyang is the song of Hanshui River, facing Fancheng across the water, which has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times. Twenty miles west of Xiangyang County is Longzhong, where Mr. Wolong takes countermeasures. Xiangyang old city, namely its county governance.
When Chen Ziang climbed Mount Xian, he was homesick and wrote this homesick poem.
The first two sentences say, "When you are in the wilderness, climb up to see the old capital." The outer city is Guo, the outer suburb is Guo, the outer suburb is Dian, and the horse is in Huangdian, indicating that Xianshan is on the outskirts of Xiangyang. In 208 AD (13th year of Jian 'an), Cao established Liyang County in Jingzhou. From then on, "I will meet you all." When the poet climbed the Fairy Mountain overlooking Xiangyang, he couldn't help thinking of yang hu in the Jin Dynasty and Zhuge Liang in the Three Kingdoms. Yang hu likes climbing mountains and often climbs the fairy mountain. He will never get tired of it all day. He once said to his followers, "Where there is a universe, there is this mountain. From the sage background, there are many people like me and Qing. Sadly, they are all ignorant. If they know after they are 100 years old, their souls should still be here. " Yang Hucheng is a prefect, with a good reputation, and is deeply loved by the people. He has made suggestions to level Wu Zhigong. He was incorruptible all his life, and only wandered around Mount Qingfeng and Baiyun in Xianshan. Yang hu was seriously ill and recommended Du Yu as his pronoun. He died at 58. Xiangyang people build monuments and temples in Xianshan, Yanghu and other places for lifelong leisure and entertainment. Those who saw the monument shed tears. After Du Yu's death, he named this monument "Tears Monument", which Chen Ziang said in his poem.
When Cao Cao beheaded Liu Biao, the watch was dead. Liu Bei was stationed in Fancheng and heard the news and went to Xiangyang. Cao Cao immediately sent an elite pursuit, and Liu Beibing was defeated by Dangyang and Changban. Zhuge was ordered to keep up with the crisis, married Sun Wu of Soochow, and * * * conquered Cao Wei. Battle of Red Cliffs has a solid foundation, three points of fame and eight conditions. Climbing the fairy mountain and overlooking Xiangfan, I can't help thinking of Zhuge Wuhou, who is famous for his clothes in Nanyang.
"I am still sad" and "I still want to" point out "homesickness" and express the poet's deep affection despite his death.
The following is Zhuge Ye Gong's comments on the ancient land of Chu, Wei, Shu and Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. The Hanshui River flows into the river at Xiakou, which was built by Sun Quan. "Shang Yu Shu Gong" said: "Hanshui River enters the South River." In Dabie Mountain, Yuanhe refers to Lushan Mountain in the northeast of Hanyang County, "Shu River in the south and Hanshui River in the north". According to the natural barrier of the Yangtze River, Sun Wu said in his poem: "The city is far from Chu, and the mountains and rivers are half in Wu." "Yao" not only means the vastness of Chu, but also means that things have passed for a long time, and it also means time and space. In the phrase "mountains and rivers", the poet is on the fairy mountain, and his thoughts are myriad. When he saw the Han River meandering through the east of Xian Mountain, he thought of the scene of running eastward.
Three or four sentences of the poet miss Yang Hucheng and Zhuge, while five or six sentences turn to the Three Kingdoms, which is not only about mountains and rivers, but also contains the meaning of "man-made victory over natural disasters". Yang Hucheng offered Wu Zhice, destroyed Zhuge with gold, and resisted Cao Wei with Wu Zhice; Liu Bei was defeated by Yiling because he was impulsive; Sun Hao was cruel and suspicious, and finally died. Faced with the historical relics more than 400 years ago, the poet can't help sighing.
Shan Zhinan has Hou Xiyu's former residence in Xiangyang, the later Han Dynasty. Water is diverted here to build fish ponds, build high dikes and intercrop catalpa bungeana and bamboo. In Qiu Lai, catkins hang low, bamboo forests are graceful and the scenery is pleasant. In the Jin Dynasty, the general was in charge of the four states of Jing, Xiang, Jiao and Guang, and guarded Xiangyang. Every time he goes to Yuyuanchi, he gets drunk. People often say, "This is my Levin Pool."
When Liu Jingsheng ruled Xiangyang, he built a scene to climb the first step and often sang the song "The Wild Eagle is Coming" on the step. After his death, he was buried 200 steps outside the east gate of Xiangyang city. Du Fu's thirteenth ancestor, the general of Zhennan, Du Yu, whose name is Kai, once built water conservancy in Xiangyang, and the people called him "Du Fu". Yuan Kai made two monuments, one of which sank in the pool under Wanshan Mountain. Another Fairy Mountain is in the water, and the inscription describes its own achievements. Yuan Kai said: "After a hundred years, why don't you know that the deep valley is the tomb?" Chen Zili took advantage of Du Yuankai's opportunity to sink a monument here and extended his meaning. Even after a hundred years, it is in vain that deep valleys protrude into hills. This is an empty mountain, and countless heroes, ancient sages and sages have all died.
"The wild trees are broken, and the golden building is lonely at night." Mianshui flows out of Dafu Mountain in the northeast of Anchang County, flows to the southwest and injects white water. In the south, there is the old house of Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty, and Su Boya of the later Han Dynasty once looked at the wind here, saying that the house of Emperor Guangwu of Baishui Township is lush and prosperous. Chen Ziang took this opportunity to lament that the lush air had been interrupted and disappeared. The poet used scenery to express his feelings and expressed his anxiety about current politics.
"Who knows that Wanli is a guest, thinking about the past and the future." The poet comes from Shushan, so he calls himself "Wan Li guest" and "Who knows", which shows the poet's lonely mood. "Wandering" means wandering with melancholy. While paying tribute to the remains, the poet remembered yang hu, Zhuge Liang and other outstanding talents in governing the country and leveling the world, promising generals and the good looks of sages and ministers who always miss the people, and hoped that such sages would be handed down from generation to generation.
An ambitious person, climbing a mountain and looking into the distance, is often filled with emotion. What's more, the mountain you climb is a famous mountain with profound historical background, and the city you see is an ancient city with a long culture. There are many allusions in the poem, all related to Xianshan and Xiangyang. This poem not only expresses the poet's nostalgia for the past, but also implicitly criticizes his time. Chen Ziang has always been a loner, and this poem is consistent with the emotion expressed in You Zhou Tower. The whole poem is not only a highly concentrated and profound landscape poem, but also a gloomy political lyric poem.
Apparent principle of injured mountain cloud
The superficial cause of Meng Haoran's damage to Xianshan Cloud
Primary school book sword, Wu Qin has more than 50 years old.
When I came back, I saw that Guling was still there.
Do you want to have dinner with Xiake? Follow the morning dew first.
So I asked Lu Li and put some people on my arm.
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Meng Haoran (689 ~ 740) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. His real name is Hao, and the word is awesome. Xiangyang, Xiangzhou, is called Meng Xiangyang. He is also called Monsanto because he has never been an official. In his early years, he was eager to use the world. After his career was difficult and frustrated, he still respected himself and lived a hermit's life. Once lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. Forty years old, traveling in Chang 'an, he should be a scholar. He once wrote a poem named Gong Qing in imperial academy, and he wrote for it. Later, I worked in Jingzhou and got gangrene. I have traveled all over the southeast. Poetry and Wang Wei are also called Wang Meng. His poems are light and good at writing landscapes, reflecting landscapes, seclusion, travel and so on. Most of them are short stories in five words with unique artistic attainments. Meng Haoran collected three volumes, and now he compiled two volumes of poetry. Nostalgia in Denglumen Mountain
In the morning, the boat bypassed the mountains in Xi 'an with great interest and crossed the Han River.
The sand birds are close, but the trees are far away.
Gradually arrived at Lumeng Mountain, which was bright and green.
The pool between the rocks is winding, and the boat often twists and turns.
I heard that Pang Degong came, but the mountain has not been returned.
Jin Jian nurtures wisdom and comfort, and the stone bed lies with moss.
I feel old, but I'm climbing a rope.
The remains of the secluded world can still be found, and Su Chao's style has been far away from this world.
Accompanied by white clouds, I don't know when they drifted by, and planted osmanthus flowers with empty posture.
The fun of remembering the past is still unfinished, and the setting sun returns to the western hills.
To annotate ...
(1) Lumen Mountain: It is located in Sanli, southeast of Xiangyang City, Hubei Province, formerly known as Suling Mountain.
(2) Take the current: cross the river by boat; Jiangxian: refers to the fairy mountain along the Han River.
(3) Sandbird: Waterbird on the sandbar.
(4) Pu: By water.
(5) Cuiwei: refers to the green mountain atmosphere.
(6) Pang Degong: a hermit in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Xiangyang people and Nanjun people respect each other as guests. Later, I climbed Lumen Mountain with my wife, but I didn't return because I was collecting medicine.
(7) Zhi: Ganoderma lucidum. Art is thistle. Are nourishing plants.
(8) Hidden trace: refers to the hidden trace of Pang Degong.
(9) High wind: aristocratic wind movement.
(10) Discussion: refers to the pursuit of success.
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The poem first describes what you saw on the way from the waterway to Lumen Mountain in the morning, and then describes the scene of going to nostalgia and returning at sunset. The poet visited places of interest, praised the actions of the sages, lamented that the ancients had passed away for a long time, and the osmanthus still existed, expressing his memory for the sages. Li Mengyang commented on this poem in the Ming Dynasty and said, "Thinking is dense."