First of all, talk about textbooks.
(1) teaching material analysis
(B) the status and role of teaching materials
"Meng" is the first teaching text in Unit 2, Book 2 of Chinese in senior high school. The teaching focus of this unit is "on the basis of reading and reciting the text, understand the thoughts and feelings of the text, and understand the rhythm of four-character poems, Sao poems and five-character poems". The importance of the first text as a unit is self-evident. In the study of this poem, teachers should strengthen the guidance of poetry appreciation and teach students the methods of poetry appreciation, which will play a leading role in students' future poetry appreciation.
(3) Teaching objectives
According to the "Chinese Curriculum Standard for Senior High School" and the requirements of unit teaching, combined with the characteristics of this course and the actual situation of students' knowledge and ability, I have formulated the following teaching objectives.
1. Learn the common sense of the Book of Songs and master the reading rhythm of four-character poems.
2. Learn how to compare and describe the characters' personalities, and appreciate the artistic skills of this poem.
3. Understand the joys and sorrows of love in ancient society reflected in The Book of Songs, and feel the beauty of human nature.
(D) Teaching focus and difficulties
According to the requirements of this unit and the content of the text, I will determine the key points and difficulties of this lesson as follows:
Teaching emphasis: learn to compare and analyze, and grasp the characters in poetry.
Difficulties in teaching: appreciating the functions of "Fu", "Bi" and "Xing".
Second, oral teaching methods
The new curriculum emphasizes students' independent inquiry learning. The most essential feature of the teaching method is to promote the active participation of most students in the classroom, and to promote all students to actively use their brains, words and hands. So I will choose reading method and questioning method to teach.
Third, theoretical study.
The new teaching concept not only requires students to learn, but more importantly, to learn. Suhomlinski also said: "A prominent feature of students' learning is their research attitude towards learning objects. "Specifically, it is to guide students to learn how to learn and how to solve problems when they are excited and questioned, and not to' see the forest for the trees'. Therefore, I will make the following explanation in teaching:
Read silently, answer questions, question and discuss.
2. Example 2 of excellent lecture notes in Volume 2 of Senior One Chinese.
(A) the status of teaching materials
Two Poems of the Book of Songs is the first text in Unit 2 of the fourth compulsory Chinese lesson in senior high school. Chinese in senior high school arranges texts according to the development order of China's ancient poems. As the source of China's poetry, The Book of Songs is self-evident. After the new curriculum reform, the textbook began to arrange the study of ancient poetry from the second phase of Grade One in Senior High School, with the aim of letting students know the origin of poetry and how the ancients expressed their thoughts with poetry, so as to understand the connection between ancient and modern cultures.
learning target
Understand the characteristics of The Book of Songs and analyze the methods of comparison.
Understand the ideological content of poetry and grasp the characters.
(3) Teaching emphases and difficulties
Understand the content of poetry and grasp the characters.
Understand the ideological content of poetry
Speaking and learning methods:
Students study law:
1, discuss the communication method;
2. Personality display method;
3. Classroom debate method.
Design intention: the way of discussion and communication is mainly based on students' independent thinking and self-opinion, and the collision of thinking between students is more conducive to the formation and perfection of students' new ideas. Personality display method is to let students express their opinions in class, exercise their oral expression ability and lay a good foundation for written appreciation and analysis. The application of classroom debate makes different viewpoints and positions compete with each other in the classroom, and promotes students' in-depth exploration of problems.
Teaching methods:
Teachers' teaching methods:
1, read aloud;
2. pointing method;
3. induction.
Design intention: Poetry teaching can never be separated from pleasant reading methods. In the design of this class, a variety of reading methods are adopted, including reading with music, students reading their favorite poems, reciting and reciting, and teachers reading. Let the sound of reading really pervade the poetry class. This class brings up the appreciation of the full text with the theme design, so students' analysis and appreciation will appear a little scattered in the presentation of the class. Teachers borrow the method of elicitation and induction, combined with the design of blackboard writing, which can enhance the order of the classroom and make students' speeches clearer.
3. Example 3 of excellent lecture notes in Volume 2 of Senior One Chinese.
Today, what I am talking about is that Shu Dao is difficult to learn. I will explain it from three aspects: teaching material analysis, teaching methods and learning methods, and teaching process.
I. teaching material analysis
Difficult Shu Dao is selected from Unit 2, Compulsory 3 of Chinese in Ordinary Senior High School, People's Education Press. This unit is a unit of Tang poetry. The learning goal of the unit is to enter the artistic conception of poetry on the basis of understanding poetry and improve the ability to understand poetry. The requirements of the new Chinese curriculum standard in senior high school for poetry reading are: strengthen reading, and gain emotional experience and soul in reading. This article was written by Li Bai when he sent his friends to Sichuan in Chang 'an. It belongs to an ancient poem.
According to the three dimensions of "knowledge and skills, process and method, emotional attitude and values" in the new curriculum standard, considering the actual situation of students, combined with the unit teaching requirements and the characteristics of this course, I have determined the teaching objectives of this course as follows:
1. Understand Li Bai's heroic and elegant poetic style and feel the poetic implication as a whole.
2. Read repeatedly to appreciate the artistic beauty of poetry and understand the writing skills of poetry.
3. Improve students' ability to read and appreciate poetry.
Teaching focuses on mastering and appreciating the artistic techniques of poetry.
Teaching Difficulties and Improving Students' Reading Appreciation Ability
Second, teaching methods and learning methods.
Scientific and reasonable teaching methods can make the teaching effect get twice the result with half the effort and achieve the harmonious and perfect unity of teaching and learning. Therefore, the teaching methods I have established mainly include reading, discussion, inspiration and inspiration. Only by reading repeatedly can students understand the beauty of poetry. Only by giving full play to students' main role and allowing them to participate in the discussion can students' personal opinions be stimulated. When students get lost, teachers should inspire and guide them in time.
Teaching is for learning, and the real meaning of education is only when teachers' teaching is transformed into students' learning ability. The class I teach belongs to the music class. The students have a good Chinese foundation, active thinking and active participation in learning. Therefore, in the study of law, the guiding ideology I carry out is to let students master the initiative in learning and advocate the learning mode of "independence, cooperation and inquiry", while this class adopts the steps of reading aloud, appreciating and reciting according to the characteristics of poetry.
In teaching methods, I use multimedia teaching to stimulate students' multiple senses.
Third, the teaching process
I plan to finish this lesson in one class. The specific teaching steps are as follows:
The first link is to introduce new courses.
When students recall the introduction of Li Bai's poems, most of them may think of poems such as "The bright line at the foot of my bed", "Flying down three thousands of feet" and "White hair and three thousands of feet", and come to the conclusion that Li Bai's poems have a great feature, strange imagination and exaggerated expression. This leads to "the difficulty of Shu Dao". This link aims to make students actively participate and stimulate their greater interest in learning new lessons.
Link 2: Understanding Li Bai
This link is completed by students' preview before class and independent speech in class, which can not only enhance students' ability of independent learning and inquiry, but also help teachers understand preview before class.
Link 3 Reading Comprehension
Poetry learning focuses on reading aloud. So in this link, first of all, design students to recommend a student to read aloud and feel the artistic conception of poetry. Then, teachers and students * * * enjoyed the recitation of Shu Dao Nan with flash music, and used audio-visual means to show the artistic conception of the poem, visualizing and concreting the content of the poem. At this point, students' emotions have been infected and moved by poetry, and then students can recite collectively in the form of music to deepen their understanding.
Link 4 Discussion Text
Last class fully felt the poetry and left a deep impression on the students. In this link, discussion and inspiration are mainly used to understand the content of poetry and analyze artistic skills. The new curriculum requires students to improve their reading ability, so teachers encourage students to discuss and solve problems in cooperative inquiry, which can give full play to students' potential and cultivate the spirit of unity and cooperation. Teachers should give correct guidance in this link.
For example, when students discuss the theme of this poem, teachers can guide students to analyze different sayings and finally determine the most well-documented saying "send friends to Sichuan". Respect students' personality while keeping the deviation of understanding. This is also the teaching difficulty of this course.
In terms of artistic skills, because students are very familiar with exaggerated rhetoric, it is easy to find that there are many exaggerated places in the original text, and the skills that students are not aware of need the guidance of teachers.
For example, when students mention "high, as on a tall banner, six dragons drive the sun", teachers should combine the actual situation and supplement it in time.
This seems to be out of order, but in fact, it completes the teaching focus of this class in a subtle way, fully mobilizes the students' subjective initiative, and realizes the combination of teachers' leading role and students' initiative.
Link 5 expansion and extension
Courseware shows Li Bai's "Send Friends to Shu", comments on the main artistic techniques used in poetry, and compares them with "Difficult Road to Shu". This link aims to expand students' extracurricular knowledge and deepen their understanding of teaching priorities.
Link 6 Job Settings
Recite poems. It is intended to deepen students' understanding of poetry by reciting.
4. Example of excellent lecture notes in the second volume of Senior One Chinese.
I. Talking about teaching materials
(1). The position and function of teaching materials
Jing Ke's stabbing the king of Qin is a famous work of the Warring States policy. Under the guidance of the curriculum concept of "New Curriculum Standard", I was selected as the required textbook 1 Unit 2 of People's Education Press. Through the process of Jing Ke stabbing the king of Qin, he expressed his praise for Jing Ke. Understand Jing Ke's spirit and just behavior of self-sacrifice, helping the weak and helping the poor, and resisting. If we learn this article well, we can feel the personality charm of Jing Ke, a tragic hero. We can also make use of the differences between ancient and modern horizons to stimulate students to read new ideas, examine the works with modern concepts, evaluate their positive significance and historical limitations, and do some useful explorations in this regard.
(B) Three-dimensional teaching objectives and their determination basis
1. Knowledge and skills:
1. Further master the common real words, function words and sentence patterns in classical Chinese, and cultivate the ability of sentence breaking and translation in classical Chinese.
(2) Learn to express the characters' character through their language, actions, expressions and demeanor in sharp and complicated conflicts.
Basis: the curriculum standard points out that "reading simple classical Chinese can help you understand the meaning of words and phrases and the content of the article with the help of notes and reference books." Understand and sort out the meaning or usage of common classical Chinese notional words, classical Chinese function words and classical Chinese sentence patterns, and pay attention to the analogy in reading. "
2. Process and method:
Cultivate students' ability by examining questions, exploring independently and solving cooperatively.
Basis: The goal requires "reading ancient poems and classical Chinese and reciting a certain number of famous articles." Cultivate students' sense of classical Chinese language through reading, and make the image, artistic conception, style and rhythm in the works unforgettable in their own minds. "
(3). Teaching Emphasis, Difficulties and Determination Basis
Key points:
Difficulties:
(D) the development and organic integration of curriculum resources
Use film and television resources to present manuscripts through multimedia. In particular, two wonderful clips, "Xiao Shui Farewell" and "Stabbing Qin". Show the poems that scholars in previous dynasties praised and criticized Jing Ke for stabbing Qin.
The new Chinese curriculum holds that students are the developers and creators of the curriculum, teachers are the guides and organizers of students, and they are the most important Chinese curriculum resources. We should be able to re-create textbooks, turn textbooks into teaching content to develop students' Chinese literacy and give students vitality. Therefore, teachers should create situations to guide and guide students to study independently.
Second, the method of speaking and learning
(A) Analysis of the academic situation
Due to the specific background of the protagonist in this paper, students have become accustomed to accepting and appreciating Jing Ke's traditional views, and even formed a mindset. Therefore, teachers should seize the opportunity to train students to look at problems from the perspective of historical materialism. Re-examine the works with modern concepts and form a personalized understanding.
(B) Analysis of psychological adjustment methods
Classical Chinese teaching is a difficult problem in Chinese reading teaching in senior high schools, and students often regard it as a fear of the road. Teachers should do less objectification and standardization exercises out of China's context, so-called combing rules and mechanical exercises. The teaching of classical Chinese common sense should be less but more precise, and the key point is to improve students' ancient Chinese ability. The motivation of learning comes from the interest in learning materials.
(C) the method of knowledge construction guidance
The "New Curriculum Standard" aims to establish a learning mode of "independence-cooperation-inquiry", so I designed:
(1) Reading aloud-Only by reading aloud repeatedly can students understand the author's feelings.
(2) Inquiry method-guide students to actively participate, learn independently and give full play to collective wisdom.
The ancients said, "It is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish." Mr. Ye Shengtao, an educator, said: Teaching is for not teaching, and learning is for not learning. In this class, I designed the teaching under the guidance of the universal law of Chinese learning "what to write-how to write-why to write like this", aiming at teaching students how to appreciate modern poetry, taking "emotion" as the breakthrough point and "reading" throughout, hoping to achieve the expected teaching effect.
Third, oral teaching methods
Reading aloud, questioning method and discussion.
Basis: Regarding the role of teachers, the "New Curriculum Standard" points out in the "Teaching Suggestions": "Teachers are not only one of the equal interlocutors of students, but also the organizers of classroom reading activities and the promoters of students' reading. "Teachers' guidance is very important, but students' independent thinking cannot be replaced by their own analysis. Therefore, in this class, I will use multimedia means, reading aloud and enlightening inquiry to inspire students to think and explore, hoping to build a harmonious and equal Chinese classroom for teachers and students.
5. Example of excellent lecture notes in the second volume of Senior One Chinese: Chapter 5.
Let's talk about textbooks first:
1, brief analysis of teaching materials:
The purpose of this unit design is to learn to feel oneself and taste the language of prose by reading modern and contemporary prose and grasping the ideological and artistic nature of prose as a whole. Learn to grasp the ideological content of the article as a whole and appreciate the beauty of prose language.
2. Teaching objectives:
According to the requirements of this unit for students' knowledge and ability, and the characteristics of this course, two teaching objectives have been formulated:
(1) emotional goals, understand the main idea of this article, and let students establish a sense of feeling the beauty of life.
(2) the goal of knowledge and ability, learn to grasp the content of the article as a whole and taste the prose language. We can find beauty from real life, feel beauty and learn to create beauty.
3. Emphasis and difficulty in teaching:
According to the setting of teaching objectives, the key and difficult points of this course are: understanding the main idea of the article, appreciating the language of the article and understanding the meaning of key sentences.
Second, teaching methods:
The teaching focus of this paper is to understand the theme and appreciate the language, so it is the key to let students grasp the article as a whole in teaching. Use the methods learned in the previous text to outline important sentences, grasp key sentences and understand the main idea. Use the method of reading key paragraphs. At the same time, it is supplemented by multimedia teaching design, so that students can grasp the key points as soon as possible. At the same time, the method of stimulating discussion is adopted to let students explore the problem independently.
Third, the methods of speaking and learning:
The content of this lesson is difficult to understand, especially some philosophical sentences that imply the author's deep feelings, such as "it is full of sadness and beauty", so it is difficult to understand. Therefore, it is necessary to stimulate students' interest in discussion in class, so that students can express their opinions freely and discuss problems independently.
6. Example of excellent lecture notes in the second volume of Senior One Chinese.
First of all, opening remarks:
Hello, judges and teachers. Today, I said that the topic of the class is XX.
Second, say textbooks:
"XX" is selected from Unit 5, Volume 4, a new Chinese textbook. This unit studies China's ancient operas, aiming at cultivating students' preliminary appreciation of China's ancient operas.
Some excerpts are beautiful literature and art. The Chinese syllabus for senior high school points out: "Cultivate students' feelings of loving the language and writing of the motherland and the excellent Chinese culture. "According to the above contents and the characteristics of the students taught, the learning objectives are determined as follows:
1, memorize relevant literary knowledge and understand the story.
2. appreciate the beauty of lyrics
3. Appreciate Yingying's characters.
Third, teaching methods:
Appropriate teaching methods create opportunities for students to speak, use their brains and practice as much as possible, so that they can participate more in teaching. According to the teaching objectives, the characteristics of teaching materials and the age and psychological characteristics of students, I use the following methods to teach.
1, transfer teaching method
Its characteristic is to stimulate students' interest and enhance their confidence. This course is mainly reflected in the use of ancient drama knowledge, reading through the text and understanding the story.
2. Comparative analysis method
It can enhance students' subjective consciousness of observation, analysis and communication, and make the whole class actively participate in active learning activities. In this lesson, it is mainly reflected in asking students to compare the contents of the book with the teacher's exercises and animation analogies to break through the key points and difficulties.
3. Inspiration-discovery inquiry method
In this lesson, I mainly get new knowledge through analysis and comparison, and apply it to my own practice.
Fourth, the methods of speaking and learning
The new syllabus clearly points out: "We should pay attention to the language exchange and spiritual exchange between teachers and students." "Pay attention to the study of students' thinking methods. Accordingly, I have determined the following learning methods:
1, use your head and do it, and discuss the analysis method.
2. Appreciate reading.