In northern Shaanxi, people’s emotions of joy, anger, sadness, and joy can be expressed in the form of folk songs. Whether you are standing on the top of mountains, walking on winding mountain roads, or traveling on flat roads, you can hear melodious songs floating in the wind everywhere. This is the folk song of northern Shaanxi. "Women cry when they are sad, and men sing when they are sad." In fact, both men, women, and children in northern Shaanxi like folk songs. On the Loess Plateau, there are not only the low-pitched singing of the mothers-in-law, but also the high-pitched singing of the young people who "stop the sheep's voice and respond to the cow's voice" echoing. Northern Shaanxi is the world of folk songs and the ocean of folk songs. There are many types of folk songs in northern Shaanxi, including Four Seasons Songs, Wu Geng Diao, Laigong Diao, Drinking Songs, Yangko, Labor Songs, Songs and Dances, Yulin Ditty, Northern Shaanxi Suites, Duo Ren Tai, Custom Songs, Religious Songs and Tanjia Songs. The tunes are mainly minor tunes and Xintianyou. Minor tunes are mainly narrative, usually with scenes, characters, storylines, and detailed descriptions. For example: "Harming the Baby", "Exploring Sister Yu", "Sending Lover", "Four Guarantees to Get a Job" and "Xia Liulin" are all long narrative folk songs. Xintianyou (called "Shuntianyou" in the area bordering Inner Mongolia, and "Shanqu" in the Shenmufu Valley area) is a folk song widely popular in northern Shaanxi. It is relatively short in length and is the product of improvisation. It can be adapted to different needs. Sing freely. For example, villagers go to work in the fields, go up to the mountains to herd sheep, go into the woods to cut firewood, and drive donkeys to pull coal. When they feel something in their hearts, they sing at the top of their lungs. Its language is simple, the rhythm is obvious, and the rhyme is changeable. It generally has a two-sentence structure, with the upper and lower sentences rhyming, and no other sentences rhyming. Based on a seven-character sentence or a cross sentence, the upper sentence mainly expresses the scene or describes the scene, and the second sentence mainly focuses on some ideas, combining the virtual and the actual. The melody is melodious and high-pitched, rough and unrestrained, the rhythm is clear, the rhyme is harmonious, and the lyrical color is strong. It fully reflects the bold character of northern Shaanxi people. It consists of two sentences and one paragraph. The paragraphs can be separated or combined, or they can also form an independent song, similar to a "sanqu". Folk songs in northern Shaanxi reflect rich content of social life. Most of the folk songs in northern Shaanxi that are popular today were produced from the end of the 19th century to the 1940s. They not only reflect the content of social changes, but also the content of "Changgong Songs", reflecting the people of northern Shaanxi's oppression and exploitation of the feudal unified class. Resistance, especially revolutionary historical folk songs, is a precious collection of revolutionary historical materials. The famous "Brother from the Red Army Comes Back" and "Shandan Dan Blooms Red" are very valuable. However, among the more than 8,000 folk songs in northern Shaanxi, such works are only a minority. Most works reflect ordinary people and ordinary things. For example: a young daughter-in-law misses her mother's family, a eldest girl longs to get married, a girl fortune-tells, a drummer welcomes a bride, a traveler misses his hometown, young people talk about love, couples quarrel and amuse themselves, etc. In addition, masons use songs to decorate the monotonous sound of stone hammers; farmers use songs to drive away loneliness and sorrow; people who drive livestock spirits fill the rugged sheep trails with their melodious songs; and sentimental little daughters-in-law use songs to express their sorrows. . These are basically expressions of emotion. In addition, people in northern Shaanxi also use folk songs to serve their daily lives: salesmen use songs to sell goods, farmers use songs to pray for rain, songs are used to celebrate and entertain during festivals, men and women use songs to hold ceremonies and drink alcohol when getting married. Sometimes they use songs to guess fists, use songs to tell historical stories, use songs to socialize, use songs to record major historical events, use songs to talk about love, use songs to describe new people and new things, and even go to graves to cry. He also sings instead of crying. Even scandals that spread thousands of miles are spread with songs; strange people and strange things are celebrated with songs. Among the 8,000 northern Shaanxi folk songs, works that reflect love life, marriage issues, or are related to this content account for 80% of all folk songs. Xintianyou, known as the representative work of the working people, reflects almost all this content. Therefore, Xintianyou is also said to be the "ocean of love". The folk songs that northern Shaanxi people love to sing most are love songs. In the old society, young men and women could not control their own love and marriage, so they had to use singing to express their dissatisfaction with feudal marriage and their pursuit of love. Due to natural conditions and other reasons, the economy of northern Shaanxi was backward and farmers lived a difficult life. Men went to other provinces in groups to find jobs, that is, "go to the west entrance". Before the husband left, the wife gave many instructions, which were sweet, affectionate, and lyrical. The color is very strong. For example, in the popular "Walking to the West Exit": Take the big road instead of the small road. There are many people on the road. Stay in the big shop instead of the small shop. Don't worry about stealing from you. Sleep in the middle. Don't worry about the digger digging in front of you. Drink water from the spring. Don't worry about the snake's tail wagging in the spring. You can light the cigarette by yourself, don't fight with others. There are noisy horses in the forest, and you are worried about the sweat medicine... People who "walk to the west exit" never come back for years. When the wife at home thinks of her husband, she spins her spinning wheel. They sing while rocking, or stand in front of the door and sing softly, expressing their attachment to their relatives far away: The peas are blooming a little red, I miss my brother when sewing with a needle, I miss my brother so much that I can't see him above, It's like holding rock candy in my mouth. Bitter Coptidis. If there is no water in the river, no fish can be raised. My sister cannot live without you, my brother. A pair of larks are flying in the sky, hoping to see you soon... Both are folk songs of northern Shaanxi that reflect local marriage customs, but have different histories. Periods have different characteristics. Three songs such as "Orchid Flower", "Big Woman Wants a Man" and "I'll Find a Good Husband for You" all describe the methods of marriage, but the methods of marriage are also different due to different eras. .
"Orchid Flower" shows the ancient traditional way of marriage, marriage by sale, the new daughter-in-law has to ride in a sedan when she comes to the house, and there are also "three teams blowing and two teams beating". By the time of "Big Women Want to Be Han", anti-feudal thoughts and sentiments had formed a trend. "Big Women" dared to speak and act, and dared to ask their parents to get married. Weddings were also simplified, with riding horses instead of sitting in sedan chairs. In the song "Finding a Good Husband for You", the heroine already "makes her own decision", and the way to get married is not to cover her head and wear embroidered shoes, but to "ride a horse and wear "Blooming flowers", and "entering the husband's house chatting and laughing" with the groom. Folk songs in northern Shaanxi are close to life, reflect the reality of life, and are rich in emotion, especially love songs. The protagonist in "Miss You Really Miss You" is a young girl who has not yet left the court. One section expresses her feelings like this: I miss you, I really miss you, I miss you all over my body; I miss you at the end of my hair, It’s hard to get rid of the red hair; My head misses you, and it’s hard to comb Yulin’s comb; My eyelashes miss you, and it’s hard to close day and night; My eyes miss you so much, and the tears are so hard to hold back; My tongue is so sharp that I miss you. You, the ups and downs are hard to taste; ... If it is just a revelation of the character's inner thoughts and feelings, then this Xintianyou song "Hand in Hand" is a description of the character's actions: You want to hold my hand, I want to kiss your mouth , hand in hand, mouth to mouth, the two of us walked together in the valley. The four lines of the song are easy to understand. Although the hero and heroine are careless, their movements are natural and their mood is relaxed. It can be said to be a masterpiece of northern Shaanxi. Due to historical and natural conditions, northern Shaanxi's economy is backward, its culture is underdeveloped, and its population is sparse and its residents are scattered. Therefore, the feudal consciousness' rule here is relatively weak. There used to be a folk song called "Three Big Monsters" spread in some remote mountainous areas: "The wall won't fall when sand is beaten against it; the mother-in-law won't be upset when she marries a Chinese man; the prostitute will jump over the wall and the dog won't bite her." It can be seen that the ideology of northern Shaanxi is reflected. Northern Shaanxi folk songs are widely circulated in northern Shaanxi. Most people in northern Shaanxi can more or less sing a few songs. You can hear the singing when working in the fields and walking on the road. During farm breaks and after meals, people often gather together to take turns singing. In addition to this natural spread among the masses in daily life, there are two other ways of spread: one is the spread by folk singers and artists; the other is the spread by collectives or individuals in some customary activities. Singing is required for activities such as "going through business", welcoming and sending off weddings, holding memorial ceremonies, praying, and Yangko. Another example is the "Welcome Song", which includes "settlement song", "walking on the red carpet", "worship to heaven and earth", "hanging tent", "song to the top", "song to send children off", etc.
Xintianyou’s long culture in northern Shaanxi!
Love in Xintianyou
A love has gone through thousands of years and spanned all generations; love has led to the roaring Yellow River Water has made love out of the thick and condensed loess soil, out of love out of the desolate and high-pitched Xintianyou in the wilderness - and roared to the sky the love that has been tempered and accumulated for thousands of times!
People from northern Shaanxi You can't see or touch your love. But you can hear it all the time and everywhere - that red, watery, and vivid love! Looking at the cliffside, wandering on the beams, Jumping on the treetops. You listen: "The millet in the east mountains and the valleys in the west mountains laugh in the loess and cry in the loess." A song of Xintianyou, the laughter is also yours, and the crying is also you. "The charcoal of the slate tiles in the clear stream and the kiln castle , Mizhi's mother-in-law, Suide's Han." Xintianyou's song after song, you are not praised enough, and you are not praised enough.
If the thick yellow earth is Xintianyou's mother, then, Tao Tao The water of the Yellow River is the mother's inexhaustible milk. One song after another travels to the sky, which is the thousands of miles the mother has walked for thousands of years: "On the thirteenth day, we got engaged on the fourteenth day, and on the fifteenth day we have been widowed until now." "Onions are planted on the dry stone slabs. If I can't take root, I won't be able to live as a human being in this ghost's family." Every word of blood, every sound of tears, endless complaints and complaints are about the fate of the poor!
However, Xintianyou contains a lot of hidden meanings. The deepest thing that represents the main theme of Xintianyou is undoubtedly the devotion to life and the persistence of love.
"Pairs of ducks, pairs of geese, pairs of hairy eyes teasing my brother." "Pair of gourds." The scooping water cannot sink to the bottom. I don’t want my parents to miss you alone.” The heart of expectation, the love of longing, the love is so true, the love is so pure.
“It’s endless. The road crosses endless rivers, and sharp knives can't cut you and me apart." "Pour the leeks in the border with clean water, and splash your life on them, and we will be happy until we grow old." "As long as you and your sister are right, you will not regret it if you chop your head off with a guillotine." "Yang. The pimples on the bank are pinned to the mugwort on the bank, and I will come back even if I live or die."... Ah! People who have never walked through the loess land can hardly imagine the strong and passionate love of people in northern Shaanxi; they have never drank it. How can people who live in the Yellow River water imagine the madness and persistence of love in northern Shaanxi? Once that love rises, it will be overwhelming and indomitable, just like countless small streams flowing into the Yellow River, turning into thick water, rolling up The surging waves.
Rolling water of the Yellow River! You have been flowing for thousands of years, and you have been flowing for thousands of years; the high-pitched Xintianyou! You have been singing for thousands of years, and the endless flow is the mother's love for her children, which cannot be sung. The end is the love of children for their mothers!
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