Gushan Temple is in the north of Jiating West, and the water level is low.
Several early warblers compete for warm trees, and their new swallows peck at the soil in spring.
Flowers are more and more attractive, and shallow grass can be without horseshoes.
I love the lack of eastward travel of the lake and the white sand embankment under the shadow of Populus davidiana.
[Reading Guide]
Qiantang Lake, another name of West Lake, is one of the famous scenic spots in China. When it comes to the West Lake, we naturally think of Su Shi's famous sentence "To compare the West Lake to the West Lake, light makeup and heavy makeup are always appropriate". After reading this poem by Bai Juyi, you seem to really see Shi's smiling face. This poem describes the charming soul-stirring of the West Lake in early spring as seen by the poet riding a horse.
[Introduction to the author]
Bai Juyi (772-846), whose real name is Lotte, was named Xiangshan Jushi and Zuiyin. His ancestral home was Taiyuan (now Shaanxi), and his great-grandfather Bai Wen moved to Xiaao (now Weinan, Shaanxi). He was a great realistic poet in the middle Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi's poems are rich in subject matter, profound in content, simple in expression, appropriate and fluent. There are nearly 3000 existing white poems. The Tang Dynasty has the largest number of poets. He once divided his poems into four categories: satire, leisure, sentimentality and heteronomy. His satirical poems are the most proud and valuable. In literature, he advocated that "articles should be combined with the times, and songs and poems should be combined with materials", emphasizing the inheritance of the fine tradition of realism in China's classical poetry and opposing works without other sustenance.
[Background Introduction]
Bai Juyi was appointed as the history of Hangzhou in July of the second year of Changqing (AD 822) and Suzhou in March of Bao Liyuan (AD 825). Therefore, this "Qiantang Spring Tour" should be written in the spring of the third or fourth year of Changqing.
[Text Notes]
Spring outing: spring outing.
Gushan Temple: On Gushan Mountain in Bai Causeway, West Lake.
Jia Ting: Jia Gongting, built by Jia Quan, the secretariat of Hangzhou in the Tang Dynasty, no longer exists today.
Chuping: From a distance, the water surface of the West Lake seems to be just flush with the shore and the scenery on the shore.
Cloud foot: In ancient Chinese, the drooping image is called "foot" and the lower part of the rain is called "foot of rain". This refers to the drooping clouds.
Warm tree: a tree facing the sun.
Miscellaneous flowers: refers to a large number of open spring flowers.
Shallow grass: grass in early spring, although abundant, is not very tall.
No (mò): Disappear.
Hudong: Taking Gushan as a reference, Baisha Dike (namely Bai Causeway) is in the northeast of Gushan.
Insufficient travel: insufficient travel, that is, repeated travel.
[hierarchy]
The first couplet starts from a big place and describes the scenery seen by Gushan Temple. The first sentence is location, and the second sentence is prospect. "Chuping" refers to the spring water, which is slightly flat with the dike. "Low cloud feet" means that white clouds hang low and connect with the lake to outline the outline of early spring. The calm water at the foot and the low-hanging cloud curtain in the sky constitute a quiet ink painting of the West Lake.
Zhuan Xu's "Yan Ying" was seen by poets in their travels. English is a singer in spring, and everyone is competing to fly to the sunny tree to sing. Yan, the messenger of spring, has begun to build a nest with mud and is full of vitality. The word "Zao" is used to describe oriole, which reflects Bai Juyi's sincere love for these vibrant little lives. The word "positive" makes people feel that spring is rare and precious. Using the word "peck" to describe the busy and excited expression of the swallow seems to bring life to the swallow. These two sentences are deliberately describing Yingying.
Neck couplets describe flowers and plants, focusing on expressing the poet's feelings The horse walked briskly on the shallow grass and looked at the flowers for a long time, which made people see things in a blur and feel confused. This pair of couplets and the first pair of couplets are the core part of this poem, and they are also the finishing touch of white poems describing spring scenery, especially the spring scenery of the West Lake. This couplet is an emotional and vital description of the scenery, which fully shows the white pony.
The couplet is about the scenery of Baisha dike, which expresses the poet's happy mood.
[Significance of Poetry Translation]
From the north of Gushan Temple to Jiating West, the spring water on the lake just overlaps with the dike and white clouds and is connected with the waves on the lake.
Several early orioles scrambled to fly to the sunny tree, and the new swallows were nesting with spring mud in their mouths.
The flowery spring flowers gradually fascinated people's eyes, and the shallow spring grass just covered the horseshoe.
I like the beautiful scenery on the east side of the West Lake best. I haven't been there enough, especially the white sand embankment under the green shade.
[Appreciation of Poetry]
From the northern foot of Gushan Mountain to the present Pinghu and Bai Causeway Autumn Moon, the poet reports the information of spring to people all the way: the spring water on the lake is new, the spring warblers in the trees are contending, the mud in the air in Chun Yan, the spring flowers on the shore and the spring grass is just green. The poet's keen and delicate brushwork makes people realize that the West Lake is dressed in spring clothes. The poet praised the spring scenery of the West Lake and pointed out that he loved walking on the white sand embankment. Bai Causeway is flanked by water and banks. Willow branches in early spring, like smoke and fog, like silk, come to your face and make your heart swell with infinite tenderness and infinite love. You are like in a dream and a fairyland. When you walk on the Bai Causeway in spring, you can better appreciate the poet's feelings and mood in writing this poem.
The theme of the whole poem is mainly on the word "travel", closely following the word "spring outing" to describe the scenery. However, the area of the West Lake is too large and the journey is too long. The poet only intercepts a paragraph to write-from the north of Gushan Temple to Baisha Land. After reading this poem, we naturally have the feeling of enjoying the early spring scenery of the West Lake with the poet.
[poetic features]
The whole poem has tight structure, strict meter, neat antithesis, fluent language and vivid and natural tone, which embodies the characteristics of popularity and fluency. The poet is good at describing the lush spring on the lake as a whole, describing the scenery on the way, and choosing the combination of typical and classified arrangement: writing four most beautiful spring scenes in the middle, choosing the combination of animals and plants, being original and good at grasping.
[Innovative reading]
Idle pen is not idle (text /Tom Chang)
Poetry is too delicate for idle words. It's idle writing and should be deleted. But some words seem to be idle, but when you read them carefully, you will have another meaning when you write them idle. That kind of deep poetry is often not read, but produced.
In Bai Juyi's "Spring Tour in Qiantang", the middle four sentences are: "A few early warblers compete to warm the trees, and whose new swallow pecks at the spring mud. The flowers are getting charming, but the shallow grass has no horseshoe. " Some poetry critics pointed out that there were too many idle pens in the four sentences. By idle pen, he means "several places", "whose home", "gradual desire" and ". Images and pictures of the original poem came out. However, the poet wrote "spring outing", not "spring scenery". He wants the spring scenery of the West Lake to flow with his "trip". Without these eight words, spring scenery would be still; With these eight words, the still picture will flow.
"Several places" is a quantifier. "The early warbler fights for the warm tree" is a beautiful picture. When it is labeled as "several places", this beautiful picture is not one, but many. There are here, there are, and there are far away places. "Liu Lang Wen Ying" is a scene of the West Lake. In fact, warblers can be heard everywhere around the West Lake in spring. "Who is at home" is an interrogative word. With this question, maybe the poet will speed up his pace and stare at Chun Yan to see which mud nest is in spring. Isn't this association much more interesting than just depicting "Chun Yan pecking at mud"? For example, Several Places, Whose Home, Desire, and Talent do not provide an image, nor do they constitute a picture, but they can be added to poems to expand the image.
Lang Lang recites poetry, and it is a good poem to ponder it carefully. Some poems are not wonderful at first reading, but they are wonderful at close reading. Most of the poems read directly come from intuitive images. The indirect taste of poetry is mostly hidden in the "idle pen" outside the image.
That poetry critic should be a poetry critic, not an editor, not an editor-in-chief Otherwise, Bai Juyi's poems were thrown into his hands, and the "idle pen" was cut off with a stroke of a pen. In fact, it hurt the bones and the fate of the poets was miserable.
Translation:
Strolling through Gushan Temple and Jiating, the spring of the West Lake has just risen flush with the shore, the clouds in the sky have fallen, and the water color is connected with the skylight. In several places, the orioles who left the nest early scrambled to fly to the sunny and warm trees to cry. I didn't know that the new swallow was busy building a nest with mud. All kinds of flowers are gradually opening up, dazzling, and new grass can cover horseshoes. The white sand embankment on the east side of the West Lake is green and shady.