Author: Tao Yuanming
Masterpiece:
Drinking (5)
Tao Yuanming
Building a house is human, and there are no horses and chariots.
Ask what you can do, your heart is far from self-prejudice.
Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely.
The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back.
That makes sense. I forgot what I wanted to say.
Guiyuan Tianju (1)
Tao Yuanming
Few people do as the Romans do. Their nature is to love nature.
I sneaked into the official career network and have been away from the game for more than ten years.
Birds in cages are often attached to the forests of the past, and fish in ponds yearn for the abyss of the past.
I want to open up wasteland in Minamino and keep my humility to the fields.
The house is surrounded by about ten acres of land, thatched cottages.
Willow trees cover the eaves, and peach trees cover Li Lieman in front of the hospital.
The neighboring village of the neighboring village is faintly visible, and there is smoke in the village.
Several dogs barked in the alley, and the mulberry tree was barked by a rooster.
There is no dust and sundries in the yard, and the quiet room is comfortable and leisurely.
Trapped in a cage without freedom for a long time, I finally returned to the forest today.
1 Introduction
Tao Yuanming is a famous figure and essayist with far-reaching influence in the history of China literature. His pastoral poems, in particular, have opened up a new realm for China's classical poetry, skillfully combining emotion, scenery and reason to describe rural scenery and rural life. His poetic style is fresh and natural, with delicate description and strong artistic charm. ?
Tao Yuanming's poems can be divided into three parts: narrative, philosophy and pastoral poetry, about 60 poems, and about 30 pastoral poems, accounting for about half. Tao Yuanming's pastoral poetry occupies an extremely important position in the history of China's poetry and is the cornerstone of China's pastoral poetry. He inherited the fine tradition of ancient agricultural poetry, expanded the theme of poetry, made a new breakthrough in thought and art, and was unique in the Eastern Jin poetry circle full of metaphysical poems, which opened up a new road for the development of poetry. After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, a large number of poets and poems famous for their pastoral poems emerged one after another, all of which were directly or indirectly influenced by Tao Yuanming. ?
Tao Yuanming's pastoral poems were produced in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, which was closely related to the social and cultural background at that time. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the landlord manor economy further developed. After the Yongjia Rebellion, under the protection of the Eastern Jin regime, the gentry landlords who fled to the south set up fields and plundered land, and class contradictions became increasingly fierce. In the ideological field, the metaphysical atmosphere of advocating nature and speaking freely is extremely prosperous, but with the widespread spread of Buddhism, Confucian classics temporarily decline. Scholars at that time often lived a decadent life, seeking spiritual sustenance from Taoism of Laozi and Zhuangzi, and some indulged in mountains and rivers to escape from reality in seclusion, so metaphysical poems and landscape poems prevailed in the literary field for a while. On the contrary, some literati who are dissatisfied with reality feel that their careers are dark, so they quit their jobs and retire, devote themselves to food, explore the true meaning of life, seek a place for individuals to settle down, and gradually distance themselves from the ruling group, thus getting closer to the working people. Tao Yuanming is an outstanding representative among these literati. ?
Tao Yuanming's pastoral poetry also has his unique personal life experience and ideological basis. He was born in a declining gentry and landlord family, and lived in a rural environment in his youth. The scenery of his hometown and native land provided sufficient nourishment for his thoughts and creations. When he came back to be an official, he "accomplished nothing but visited Lushan Mountain" (Biography of the Book of Jin). In the second half of his life, he lived in the countryside of Fiona Fang Baili for a long time. In Sang Ma, he contacted villagers in the fields, talked about rice and wheat, and lived a poor life with no clothes and no food. Long-term rural life practice provides an inexhaustible source of life for his pastoral poems.
In addition, personal life ambition also has an important influence on his pastoral poetry creation. "The little one loves Qiushan naturally" (one of "Returning to the Garden") shows his ambition to love Qiushan since he was a child. "Looking at the clouds, the birds are getting higher and higher, and swimming is ashamed" (Qu Azuo, the town army joined the army for the first time) expressed its desire for freedom. Although we can't simply emphasize the influence of the writer's personal temperament on the choice of life path and literary creation, there is no reason for us to ignore this point.