Use the crystallization of ice and snow to compare the loyalty of the soul and the nobility of character. For example, "relatives and friends in Luoyang ask each other, and there is a piece of ice in the jade pot", and for example, "I should miss Linghai for many years, being alone, and my liver and lungs are all ice and snow."
2, the moon
Missing the moon causes parting and homesickness. For example, "looking up, I found that it was moonlight, and then sinking, I suddenly remembered home." Looking at the moon and thinking about the old country shows the special pain of the king's death. For example, "There are 300,000 people in the village, and I look back at the moon for a while."
3. Willow
Fold the willow to say goodbye. Since the Han Dynasty, people have often expressed their feelings of parting by folding willows, which triggered the yearning for distant relatives and the homesickness of travelers. For example, "Where to wake up from the wine tonight, Yang Liuan, the wind is fading away" to express the sadness of parting.
4.cicada
The ancients thought that cicada eating wind and drinking dew was a symbol of nobility, so the ancients often used cicada's nobility to express its noble character. For example, Yu Shinan's "Cicada": "If you don't borrow the autumn wind, you will be far away."
5. Vegetation
Use the prosperity of vegetation to set off desolation and express ups and downs. For example, "after ten miles of spring breeze, wheat is green."
6. Nanpu
In ancient Chinese poetry, Nanpu is a place where water is sent to the frontier. Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs of Hebo": "Go east with the son and send the beauty Nanpu." The ancient people's farewell to the water is not only in Nanpu, because of the long-term national culture, Nanpu has become the proper name of the farewell place to the water.
7. Changting
This is the land to tell other places. For example, Liu Yong's "Yulinling": "It's cold and sad, and Changting is too late." Li Shutong's Farewell: "Outside the pavilion, beside the ancient road, the grass is green." Obviously, in China's classical poems, the pavilion became a typical farewell place on land.
8. Cao Fang
In China's classical poems, it is a metaphor for retaining hatred. "The Songs of Chu Recruit Hermits": "Wang Sun swims without returning, and spring grass grows." "Lush" means lush spring grass. Spring grass is lush, spring scenery is sultry, and Iraqis have not returned, which inevitably makes homesick women stay upstairs.
9.bananas
Often associated with loneliness and sadness, especially parting. In the south, there is the joy of bamboo and silk "rain hits banana" and the sad sound. Li Qingzhao once wrote: "Who planted banana trees in front of the window and filled the atrium?" Yin is full of heart and leaves are full of love. " Pour out sadness and melancholy and complain about bananas.
10, Indus River
In China's classical poems, those similar to banana mostly express a bitter voice. For example, Li Qingzhao's "The Sound is Slow": "The phoenix tree is raining and dripping at dusk." It can be seen that the autumn rain hits the phoenix tree, and there is no sorrow.
1 1, plum blossom
From the Warring States Period to Liang Chen, a large number of Yongmei's poems appeared. Most of the plum blossom poems in this period are descriptions of flowers themselves or used for farewell, and there is no obvious symbolic sustenance. By the Tang and Song Dynasties, plum blossom had become a symbol of noble personality. For example, Lu You said, "Everything is smashed into mud and ground into dust, and only fragrance remains."
12, pine and cypress
"The Analects of Confucius Zi Han" said: "When the cold comes and the summer goes, you will know that the pine and cypress will decline." Later poems often use pine and cypress to symbolize loneliness, straightness and coldness.
13, Du Fu
Rhododendron is commonly known as cuckoo, also known as Zigui, Du Yu and Zijuan. In spring and summer, cuckoos crow all night, crows are crisp and short, arousing people's feelings. If you look closely, the oral epithelium and tongue of rhododendron are red, which the ancients mistakenly thought was full of blood. Just when the azaleas are singing, it is the time when the azaleas are in full bloom. When people see that the azaleas are so bright red, they say that this color is the blood of azaleas. For example, Cheng, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote: "cuckoo, what is the merit of resentment?" It is suspected that it is the blood in the mouth, which drips on the branches and becomes flowers. "
14, crow
According to superstition, it is an ominous bird, which often haunts graves and other desolate places. China's classical poems are often associated with decadent and desolate things. For example, Li Shangyin's Sui Palace: "The firefly has gone, has left the wind and frost grass, and is still living in the weeping willows."
15, cricket
As the object to be recited, it was first seen in The Book of Songs, Wind in July. It observes the rules of cricket's activities in detail: "July is in the wild, August is in the house, September is in the house, and October crickets enter my bed."
16, apes cry
Appearing in poetry often symbolizes a sad feeling. Du Fu's Ascending the Mountain: "The ape whimpers in the fierce wind from the wide sky" In Li Daoyuan's Notes on Water Classics and Rivers, the fisherman sings: "The Wuxia Gorge of the Three Gorges in Badong is long, and the ape sings three times with tears." Express sadness with the cry of an ape.
Guanshan 17
Pass He Shan Pass, pass fortress; Mountains and rivers. Gao Shi's Blowing Flute on the Bunker: "Where does the plum blossom fall? The wind blew all over the mountain overnight. " Plum Blossom Fall is the name of the tune. Where did the flute go? The wind blew the melodious flute and filled the frontier fortress overnight.
18, Chandi
Musical instruments from the ancient west make sad sounds. It is often mentioned in frontier poems in the Tang Dynasty, such as Wang Zhihuan's Liangzhou Qu: "Why should the Qiang flute complain about the willow? The spring breeze is only Yumenguan."
Baiyun 19
Looking at the clouds and thinking about friends, seeing the moon and thinking about people are common techniques in ancient poetry. Du Fu's poem "Hate Farewell": "I miss home, but I miss my brother watching the clouds sleep during the day." These two sentences are also borrowed from the white clouds and bright moon to pin the memory of friends.
20, harp
(1) metaphor for husband and wife harmony. It is also called "the harp". "The Book of Songs" ("National Wind Nan Zhou Watching Luo"): "My Fair Lady, Friends of the Harp." Xiaoya Long Beach: "A good wife is like a drum, and a harp is a harp."
(2) metaphor friendship between brothers and friends. Chen Ziang's poem "Farewell to Friends on a Spring Night" says: "When you get out of the hall, think about the harp, and don't take another road around Sichuan."