Tang Dynasty: Wang Zhihuan
The sun sets slowly near the western hills, and the Yellow River flows into the East China Sea.
By going up one flight of stairs, look further.
I. Appreciation of works
The extraordinary ambition of the poet in this poem reflects the enterprising spirit of the people in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Write what you see in the first two sentences. "Mountains cover the day" is about mountains, and "All rivers run into the sea" is about water. The poet watched a sunset sink to the endless rolling mountains in front of the building, and Ran Ran disappeared at the end of his vision; I watched the Yellow River roaring south in front of the building and downstairs, then turned east in the distance and flowed to the sea. The poet captured the rivers and mountains of Wan Li with extremely simple and plain language, with a short span of ten words with high image and high generalization, and the picture was broad and distant.
There are two sentences in Du Fu's Song of Wang Zai's Painting Landscape: "Traveling in ancient times, talking about Wan Li recently". Although it is about painting, it can also be used to talk about poetry. These two poems written by Wang Zhihuan's landscape make it possible for Wan Li to be close at hand and Wan Li to be close at hand.
Write the last two sentences. "But you have broadened your horizons by three hundred miles", a poet's endless desire to explore, wants to see further and see where his eyesight can reach. The only way is to stand higher and "walk up a flight of stairs". It can be inferred from the second half of the poem that the first half was written on the second floor (not the highest floor), and the poet wanted to see the distant scenery as far as possible, and even climbed to the top floor of the building. The word "Lou" at the end also plays the role of a point, indicating that this is a poem about climbing stairs.
This poem seems to describe the process of climbing stairs straightforwardly, but its significance is far-reaching and people can explore it. "A thousand miles" and "the first floor" are imaginary numbers, which are both vertical and horizontal spaces in the poet's imagination. The words "to be poor" and "to be better" contain many hopes and longings.
These two poems are not only novel and unexpected, but also very natural and close to the first two poems, thus pushing this poem to a higher level and showing readers a broader vision. It is precisely because of this that these two sentences with simple philosophy have become famous sentences that have been passed down through the ages, and this poem has also become a swan song.
As far as the whole poem is concerned, this poem is said by the Japanese monk Konghai in On the Chamber of Secrets in the Mirror. Some people say that poetry should not be reasonable. This should only mean that poetry should not be blunt, boring and abstract, not that philosophy cannot be revealed and promoted in poetry. Just like this poem, it perfectly dissolves truth, scenery and events, making readers feel comfortable instead of reasoning. This is a mode to express the philosophy of life through thinking in images according to the characteristics of poetry.
The writing of this poem has another feature: it is a quatrain full of antithesis. When Shen Deqian chose this poem in the Tang Dynasty, he pointed out: "Four languages are correct, and it is not too expensive to read, so the bones are high." There are only two couplets in the quatrains, both of which are antithetical sentences. If it is not full of momentum and clear-cut, it will easily appear dull or fragmented.
In this poem, the previous combination is the opposite name, the so-called "right and wrong", the sentence is extremely neat, heavy and powerful, which shows the grandeur of the scene written; The latter is a flowing pair. Although the two sentences are relative, there is no trace of confrontation. The poet is also very mature in using dual skills.
Meng Qian Bi Tan pointed out that "only Li Yi, Wang Zhihuan and Chang Dang can describe the scenery" in the poems left by the Tang people in the stork house. Li Yi's poems are seven-rhythm poems; Wandering poem is also a five-line poem, also called "In the Lodge of the Heron". The whole poem is as follows: "On birds, they rise above the ground. Ye Ping is surrounded by the sky, and the river breaks into mountains. "
The poetic scene is also magnificent and can be called a masterpiece. However, Wang Zhihuan's poems were the first, but in comparison, he lost in the end, and Wang's poems had to be once and for all. Zhou Fugang said that this poem has the power to transcend time and space. This power is the unity of beauty and philosophy, the harmony of objectivity and subjectivity, and the great artistic reproduction and creation.
Two. Brief introduction of the author
Wang Zhihuan (688-742) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Ji Ling was originally from Jinyang (now Taiyuan, Shanxi), and his great-grandfather moved to Jiang (now Jiangxian, Shanxi). Pay attention to loyalty, unrestrained, often fencing elegy. Most of his poems were sung by musicians at that time, and he was famous for being good at describing frontier fortress scenery. The words are simple and the environment is extremely far-reaching. Only six poems have been handed down from generation to generation.