1, understand the content of poetry and the philosophical significance of famous sentences.
2. Appreciate the characteristics of poetic scene blending and the beauty of words and sentences.
3. Continue to learn the common sense of metrical poetry.
Difficult analysis:
1, the philosophical significance of the necklace.
2. The writing characteristics of this poem.
Teaching process:
First, import
? Poetry expresses ambition? Indeed, in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, you can't recite poems, which means you can't express your wishes in any social occasions, because all people have to sing the poems in the Book of Songs to communicate with each other. Therefore, it has always been the tradition of China's classical poetry to reveal the poet's feelings naturally in his poems. In the Tang Dynasty, this traditional form of expression was mainly to express the poet's feelings and wishes. In the Song Dynasty, the common people highly praised poems that pay attention to reason and interest, so this ancient tradition is mainly reflected in the philosophical significance contained in poems.
In heron lodge, we have learned this in primary school, which has a deep meaning. (Slide 1: rivers, buildings, the sun, etc. Text: At the Heron Hotel? The sun sets slowly near the western hills, and the Yellow River flows into the East China Sea. By going up one flight of stairs, see further? Who can tell me the philosophical meaning of this poem?
Students speak. Teacher's instruction: There is a truth here. If a person wants to see farther, then he must stand higher.
Today we are going to learn a poem with profound philosophy and eternal praise. (Slide 2: The cover of A Man Under the Mountain. Text: The next berth at Beibao Mountain, the next road at Qingshan Mountain, Wang Wan and I, my boat, along the green water. Until the river bank widens at low tide, and no wind blows my lonely sail. ... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness. Finally, I can send my messenger, Wild Goose, back to Luoyang. Music: Meteor. Melody: melodious and classical. Let's read this poem with melodious music.
Second, learn the common sense of metrical poetry
Before learning poetry, we must first understand the common sense about poetry. Generally speaking, poetry includes classical poetry, Yuefu poetry, regular poetry, quatrains, words, songs and so on. Poems with less metrical restrictions before the Tang Dynasty are called archaic poems. Such as "Looking at the Sea". The new metrical poems and quatrains in the Tang Dynasty are called modern poems. For example, "Spring Tour in Qiantang River" is a metrical poem, and "Lusu" is a quatrain.
Rhyme, named after strict metrical requirements, includes five-character metrical poems and seven-character metrical poems. There are three rules in the metrical poem (the following words are added to the fifth slide of a spring outing in Qiantang River): Third, duality is limited. Eight sentences can be divided into four parts, and the middle two parts must be in pairs, which are two pairs of sentences. ? )
Take "a berth at the foot of Beibao Mountain" as an example: (Slide 2 reappears and adds some words. As follows:)
The first couplet: (1) Under the green hills, we meandered forward, (2) Me and my boat, along the green water.
Zhuan Xu: (3) Until the bank at low tide widens, (4) No wind blows my lonely sail. Double connection
Necklace: (5) ... Night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness. Double connection
Tail joint: (7) Can I finally send my emissary? (8) Wild geese return to Luoyang.
Third, appreciate this poem.
1, students read this poem several times by themselves and feel the emotion contained in it. Then tell me how you feel.
Students speak. Teacher's guidance:
This is a lyric poem in seven words. Wang Wan, a poet, is homesick for the scenery of the Yangtze River. He not only wrote the author's worries about traveling abroad, but also wrote the author's broad mind about mountains and rivers.
2. If this poem is about the sadness of a trip, is it reflected in the first couplet?
Analysis: the first couplet begins with a dialogue, and the poet faces forward by boat? Green water? Forward, drive in? Castle peak? Sailing? Castle peak? Beyond the guest road in the distance (slide 3: the boat moves slowly, surrounded by green mountains and green waters. Text:? At the foot of the blue mountain, my boat and I meandered along the green water? )。 Write this couplet first? Guest road? And write? Sailing? Between the lines, he has revealed his wandering and wandering feelings about his hometown in the south of the Yangtze River.
3. What is this couplet written about? Many people in ancient times praised these two poems for their magnificent momentum and broad artistic conception. How do you feel?
Analysis: the spring tide is surging and the river is vast. Looking around, the river seems to be flush with the shore, and the people on board have a broader view. ? Until the bank widens at low tide? This sentence is magnificent, and the next one is even more exciting. Hanging? It looks high, so it is smooth and harmonious. Such a ship can sail smoothly in the river, because the Yangtze River here is just when Ye Ping is open, and the river flows and is calm.
4. Literally, all the landscapes written by Zhuan Xu are big landscapes, which seem to show broad emotions. So how do you understand the connection between this couplet and the first couplet?
Analysis: The best part of this couplet lies in its composition. We use simple geometric figures to express the scenery written in this couplet. Maybe you can understand it. If we regard the scenery expressed in these two poems as a painting, the composition of this painting is as follows: Because? Tide? The water is full, almost leveling both sides, so it's actually ok? Tide? With what? Shore? As a horizontal plane, this is the main body of this painting? Face? , almost occupies the vast majority of the picture (slide 4, text:? Until the river bank widens at low tide, and no wind blows my lonely sail. ? Figure: There are rivers and shores); And then what? Sail? It's actually a boat. Because the wind is steady and positive, the sail is in a straight line shape, but this straight line can only be regarded as a point in the vast river (slide 4: a hanging sail appears). Students can try to imagine the poet on this ship. He leaned against the railing and looked at it from a distance. There is a mighty river all around, and the shore is far away, and there is no news of his hometown. How can he miss home in this world?
5. The most intriguing thing is the neckline. What philosophy does this couplet contain?
Analysis: At this time, the poet remembered that he was boating all night in the middle of the year. The sun on the horizon showed a slight dawn, and he couldn't help feeling infinite. Hu Yinglin said in Ming Dynasty? Sea day? A link? Describe the scenery, always wonderful? When the last night is almost over, a red sun has risen from the sea. The old year has not passed, and the spring water has been exposed. (Slide 5: The red sun rises from the river, and there are sprouting dead branches or other scenery representing spring on the shore. Text:? ... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness. ? )。 ? Living day and night? 、? Spring to the old year? , all indicate the replacement of time series, and in such a hurry, how can you not call in? Guest road? What about the poet's homesickness? The beauty of these two sentences is that they have no intention of reasoning, but they contain a natural sense of interest in describing scenery and festivals. The sea is born in the dead of night, which will drive away the darkness; What does the scenery on the river show? Spring? Breaking into the old year will drive away the severe winter. It not only depicts the scene truly and accurately, but also shows the truth with universal significance, giving people optimistic, positive and upward artistic inspiration.
6. Is it related to homesickness?
Analysis: Since this couplet is the last couplet, it should not only summarize the whole poem, but also echo the beginning, and leave room for imagination after reading it, with endless aftertaste. This association is like this. It is written here that a flock of geese are walking through the clear sky, and geese are passing through Luoyang! (Add flying geese to slide 3. Text:? Finally, I can send my messenger, Wild Goose, back to Luoyang. ? ) Does the poet remember? Wild goose feet pass books? Legend has it that I'd better take a message to Yan 'er: Yan 'er, please give my regards to your family when you fly over Luoyang. These two sentences are closely connected with the third link, and they should be connected from a distance, so that the whole article is shrouded in a faint homesickness.
Fourth, summary.
This is a good poem with a blend of scenes and profound philosophy. At the end of this class, let's recite this poem in beautiful music! (The cover of the text appears, and the background music is meteorite music. )
The second teaching purpose of the teaching design of mooring under the mountain of Beibao;
One is to read repeatedly, feel the homesickness of the poet, feel the homesickness melody in China's poems, and carry out humanistic edification and emotional education;
Second, guide students to reproduce beautiful and harmonious pictures in poetry through imagination and re-creation, and experience lyrical writing methods on the spot.
Teaching focus:
Understand the meaning of the whole poem and the feelings revealed in it.
Teaching difficulties:
Experience the poet's deep homesickness.
Teaching methods:
Reading method and discussion method
Teaching time:
One class hour
Teaching process:
First, introduce new lessons (2? ):
Students, as far as I know, many students in our class are from other places, some have been away from home for many years, and some may just come to Shenzhen this year; Students far away from home, do you miss your hometown, relatives and friends in the evening when the sun sets and in the long quiet night? I don't think you need to answer, I already know the answer. Yes, not only you, but also many literati deeply miss their hometown during their days of traveling abroad, leaving many famous works that have been passed down through the ages, such as Li Bai's Thoughts on a Quiet Night, which we have all learned. Please recite together. In fact, homesickness is one of the important themes in China literature. Countless homesickness is accompanied by countless poets, and countless poets have created countless homesick poems. Homesickness enriches our emotional world, and homesickness poetry enriches our literary world. Today, we are going to learn another famous poem "A Stop at the foot of Beibao Mountain", which is homesick during the journey. See if the poet Wang Wan's affectionate recitation can strike a chord of homesickness in your heart.
Second, solve the problem and briefly introduce the author. ( 1? ) (2. Beigushan) Author Wang Wan, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was born and died in Luoyang, because this poem reminds us of his name.
Third, read Ming Yi (5? ):
1, students can read freely;
2. Students read together;
3. Students read aloud alone;
(Instruct reading aloud:
Middle School/Beigu Mountain
Outside the guest road/castle peak, before boating/green water.
The tide is flat/both sides/wide, and the wind is positive/sailing/hanging.
Sea, Sun, Life and Night, Jiang Chun/Entry/Last year.
Hometown book/where can I reach it, Guiyan/Luoyang side. )
4. Teachers' demonstration reading;
5. Refer to the notes and translate the poems at the same table. (Teachers patrol, or join a group) In class, students raise their hands to answer difficult questions that cannot be solved. Divide the class into two groups and ask each other questions to see which group asks more questions and answers well.
6. Let the students tell the content of this poem. Let a classmate read a sentence and the deskmate say a sentence. Require to retain the original intention, allowing imagination to handle)
Fourth, feeling lyrical (20? ):
1. On the basis of clarifying the poetic thinking and grasping the general idea of poetry, read the text together again.
2, reading guidance: grasp? Poetic eye? (for example? Ping? 、? Broad? 、? Positive? 、? Hanging? Stress and rhyme are loud and long (such as the last word of each sentence);
3. Discuss the following questions in groups of four:
Can you describe the scene described in the poem in your own words?
Tip: Tell me a picture you like best. The purpose is to let students reproduce the beautiful scenes depicted in poetry through their own imagination, and carry out aesthetic edification and education. )
B, which sentences of this poem belong to scenery? Which sentence is directly lyrical? What kind of writing technique is this? (Hint: The first three lines write scenes, and the last line directly expresses emotions. Instant lyricism or scene fusion)
C,
Why do poets miss home?
(Hint: 1, it's almost Spring Festival; 2. See the goose; 3. In ancient times, the traffic was inconvenient and I couldn't return for a long time. )
Please rewrite this poem into prose or modern poetry to see who can change it well. Be loyal to poetry and have their own imagination and characteristics. )
Verb (abbreviation of verb) expands Dali (10? ):
As we said at the beginning, homesickness is one of the themes of China literature, and many literati have left their masterpieces of homesickness through the ages. Let's recall, what homesick poems have we learned? Students speak and talk about their own understanding and experience. Let's take a look at some other famous sentences about homesickness.
1, a person is a stranger in a foreign land, and he misses his relatives twice every holiday;
Just after the Double Ninth Festival, let's feel the poet's thoughts on the Double Ninth Festival.
2, the spring breeze blows away the dream of hometown overnight, and then opens the spring breeze to Los Angeles;
The spring breeze at night blew my dream of going home, and I returned to my hometown Luoyang with the spring breeze in my dream.
3. Spring breeze is green and Jiang Nanan. When will the bright moon shine on me?
The spring breeze has turned the south bank of the Yangtze River green again. When will the moon shine on me?
Homework: Collect and read other homesick poems after class.
Sixth, recite body odor (5? ):
Please read aloud freely, and then take the initiative to recite.
Seven. Conclusion (2? ): Homesickness and homesickness are always accompanied by China poets who are far away from home, so they will naturally write homesick poems with sincere feelings and lingering feelings. After thousands of years, these poems convey an eternal emotional experience to us, and at the same time, they form a beautiful landscape in the history of China's poetry with their ideological and artistic features. We should inherit these excellent cultural heritages and enrich ourselves. We ended the lesson with a song. Please listen to the song "Homesickness", which is based on the poem of the same name by the poet Guangzhong.
Teaching Design of Mooring under Beibao Mountain
Liu Jia, Songquan Middle School.
Among the poets in the Tang Dynasty, Wang Wan was not a famous figure, but a famous song "Berth at the foot of Beibao Mountain", which was sung through the ages, made him famous in history. Among them? Until the river bank widens at low tide, and no wind blows my lonely sail? 、? ... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness? It's a famous sentence that has been circulating for many years. "Yue Ying Ling He Ji": The word "Wan Ci" has long been written, which is the best in the world. The poem "Jiang Nanyi" written by You Wuzhong: ... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness. ? The poet seldom uses this sentence in recent years. Zhang (said) holds the main hall of government affairs in his hand, and every time he shows his writing ability, he makes it a model. ? Jiangnan here means this poem.
This poem not only describes the author's feelings of traveling abroad, but also writes the author's broad mind of seeing mountains and waters. It depicts the poet's sight of green mountains, green waters, flat tides and broad shores when he is moored at the foot of Gubei Mountain. Near the Spring Festival, geese fly overhead. I can finally sigh to my messenger. The whole poem is full of beautiful artistic conception and mixed scenes, which expresses the poet's deep homesickness when he lives abroad.
This poem, together with four other poems, constitutes the first ancient poetry text since students entered junior high school. The teaching of this poem has a direct impact on the teaching of ancient poetry in the future, and has an important influence and demonstration on students' forming habits and mastering the appreciation methods of ancient poetry, which involves a motif in China's poetry-homesickness. Therefore, I think it is worthwhile to spend one class hour teaching.
Most of the students in this class are loan students, and quite a few are from other places. It stands to reason that this homesick poem should have a certain foundation of life experience; However, with the development of modern transportation and communication means, the earth has become a global village, and the homesickness of modern people seems to be less intense. It is not easy to arouse the personal emotional experience of junior high school students aged 12 or 13 and understand the author's deep homesickness. But after all, many students have such life experiences, so it is necessary and possible to mobilize students' personal emotional experience as much as possible, put themselves in the poet's shoes and understand the thoughts and feelings revealed in his poems.
Based on the above analysis of teaching materials and students, I have determined the following guiding ideology: based on students' reading, we should deepen our understanding of poetry through our understanding, feeling and feeling of the text content, and the teaching process should be based on? Homesick? Taking this as the theme, we should firmly grasp the homesickness in poetry, expand the four main links of understanding by reading clearly and feeling lyrical, and carry out learning activities from the superficial to the deep, from the surface to the inside, and from the emotion to the reason, so that students can understand and feel the homesickness in China's poems.
For the design of reading aloud, I adopted the layered reading design. According to students' cognitive rules, first, let students read freely with reference to their notes to clear away simple obstacles, and then grasp the words and rhythm by reading aloud in chorus and individually. In the latter part, all kinds of reading are interspersed, but the requirements are gradually improved and emotional reading is required.
Not only reading aloud, the whole teaching design is designed according to this principle, respecting students' cognitive rules, from shallow to deep, step by step, from initial understanding to final understanding, closely linked and natural transition.