There are only five words and four sentences in the ancient Yuefu poem "Changganqu", which describes a young girl sailing to pick ling when the tides meet. Cui Hao's "Long Ganqu" and Cui's "Little Changganqu" are only five words and four sentences, which are also a portrayal of the lives of young men and women in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, with thin content. Li Bai's Long March has been expanded to 30 sentences, which is long and rich in content. Through the self-report of a business woman who lives in a long office, the poet expressed her sincere love and deep yearning for her husband who is doing business in other places in a touching and euphemistic way, and successfully created an emotional and sincere image of a young woman, showing the poet's original spirit.
The whole poem adopts the first-person style, and uses the narrative of the years and the folk songs of the four seasons of lovesickness to skillfully connect the heroine's life scenes together to form a complete artistic whole. The first six sentences of this poem are about the childhood memories of this young woman and her husband. They have a close friendship and have created an innocent, lively and lovely image of children for readers. The four sentences "I became your wife at the age of fourteen" describe the shyness of the first marriage and show the sweetness and intoxicating of the newlyweds. Although they used to be "childhood friends" and got together all day, after they really got married, due to the different environment, it was inevitable that she was a little shy and could not show her feelings. Here, the poet vividly shows us the image of a shy and naive young woman through real and meticulous sketches. "But at the age of fifteen, I frowned and laughed." Four sentences are written about the love after marriage, and the vows are inseparable. The poet carefully selected two allusions, which concisely expressed the happy mentality of the young couple immersed in the sweetness of love. "Then when I was sixteen, you walked far away." These four sentences were written about Yao Si's husband's long-distance business trip, and he was worried about it. It is tearful and deep. Little did the young woman expect that the happy life only lasted for one year. At the age of sixteen, forced by his livelihood, his husband left his hometown and went downstream to the most dangerous "Chutang Stone Flow Gorge" in the world. Just last year, she was glad that she was "never discouraged in the tower of watching". Unexpectedly, now she has joined the ranks of this misfortune. The rhythm of the following poems was obviously accelerated, from May to August, showing the heroine's uneasy mood at home as if she had spent a year. These eight sentences, "Your footprints are in front of our house, and I have looked at the places where you have been", show the young woman's deep yearning for her husband and emotional activities of her lost youth in lovesickness, which are touching and touching. The last four sentences, write a sentence to the people you love, hoping that they will come back soon. "I will come to see you, I won't mind the distance" makes the feeling of missing further. The style of the whole poem is sentimental and euphemistic. The characters are vivid and sensible, with swaying voices and feelings, soft and moving; The artistic conception of the poem is bright, sincere and moving; The language is frank and the syllables are harmonious; It is a very successful masterpiece in art. This poem describes the emotional context of women very delicately and tenderly, like a clear spring flowing in a quiet forest in a mountain stream, leaving readers with endless emotional charm.
Through the monologues of characters, the whole article describes several life stages such as getting along with each other, getting married and leaving each other, and skillfully integrates narrative, scenery description and lyricism. Some poems later evolved into common folk idioms, such as "childhood friends" and "neither child guessed correctly". "Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties" says: "The affair of children flows from the chest, full of twists and turns, which makes people infatuated. This article is almost as good as what Si Kongtu said, "Tao is not self-sufficient, but round and wonderful." " "
My hair barely covers my forehead (1). I am picking flowers and paying at my door (2).
When you, my love, ride a bamboo horse (3), trot around the circle and swing your childhood (4).
We live in an alley in Qingkan. We are all young and happy.
When I was fourteen, I became your wife, and I was too shy to laugh.
I bowed my head and walked to the dark corner, unwilling to pay attention to your long-awaited call.
But when I was fifteen, I frowned and laughed (10), and understood that no dust could seal our love (1 1).
Even to the death, I will wait for you in my post (12), and I will not lose heart in the silent watchtower (13).
When I was sixteen years old, you embarked on a long journey, passing through the canyons, rocks and swirling water in Chu and Tang Dynasties (14).
Then in the fifth month, I couldn't help it any more (15), and the apes were screaming in the sky (16).
I watched you walk by the door, your footprints, each hidden under the green moss.
Hiding under the moss is too deep to sweep away, and the first autumn wind adds leaves (19).
Yellow butterflies in August, hovering in the grass of our West Garden in pairs.
Moreover, because of all this, my heart will be broken (2 1), and I am worried about my smooth cheeks, lest they fade (22).
Oh, finally, when you come back through three Pa areas (23), send me a home message in advance! (24).
I'll pick you up, I won't mind the distance (25), all the way to Sha Changfeng (26).
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To annotate ...
(1) Concubine: Qian, an ancient woman called herself. Initial forehead: refers to the hair that just covers the forehead when you are young. Cover: cover.
(2) Drama: drama and games.
(3) Lang: a title for a young husband. Bamboo Horse: Children play with bamboo poles as horses.
(4) Bed: refers to the well bed in the courtyard, that is, the pulley frame fence for well drilling. When I say "bed", I mean the seat. Get green plums: Throw green plums to play games. To tease or play.
(5) cohabitation: living together. Changganli: Lane is named after it, so it is located in Qinhuai River in Nanjing, near the Yangtze River.
(6) No suspicion: No suspicion. Doubt: Doubt and scruples.
(7) woman: wife.
(8) Shame: Shame on the face. Never opened: never laughed.
(9) No return: No return.
(10) Show your eyebrows: It means that your emotions are revealed in your brow. Show your eyebrows: Stretch your brows to show your joy.
(1 1) This sentence means that you are willing to live and die with your husband, always like dust and dust.
(12) insist: always pregnant. Bao Zhuxin: "Zhuangzi Stole Feet" contains an agreement with a woman to meet under the bridge, first, and the woman behind. Suddenly, the river surged. Weisheng kept his promise, still holding the bridge pillar and waiting, and the result was drowned. Later generations used this allusion as an example of keeping promises.
WANG Futai: Wang Fu. There are many legends about Wang Mi-shan and Wang Mi-shi, with different contents, but all of them say that her husband is away for a long time, and her wife looks from a height every day and turns into a stone over time. Later, people used it to describe a woman's faithful love. "Su Luan City Collection" says: "Wangfutai is dozens of miles south of Zhongzhou." Liu Yiqing's "Youming Road": "There is a king's stone in the north mountain of Wuchang, which looks like a person standing, and the customs are scattered. In ancient times, there was a virgin wife. Her husband joined the army and sent this mountain. Wang Fu died and turned to stone because it was a famous mountain. " Liu Chengzhi's "Poyang Ji" says: "Poyang looks prosperous in the west." I have always been faithful to love in these two words. Where can I think of parting and looking up to my husband?
(14) Qutang Gorge: Qutang Gorge, also known as Xiling Gorge, is one of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, located in fengjie county, Sichuan Province. Yàn yú heap: also known as Yinqian Stone, it is a huge reef at the mouth of Qutang Gorge. In winter, when the water is dry, it will be exposed to the water. In summer, when the water rises, it will be submerged, so the ship will hit the rocks and sink if it is not careful. This sentence means that the woman is worried about the journey of the right person.
(15) May: It refers to the May of the lunar calendar, when the river swells and the piles are submerged, showing only a little, so the ship will hit the rocks and sink if it is not careful. Touch: collision. There is a saying in the folk songs of the Jin Dynasty that "the pond is as big as a pond, but it cannot be touched".
(16) This sentence means that there are mountains on both sides of Qutang Gorge. There are many apes on the mountain, and they are crying. When the ship is in the canyon, apes whistle, like mourning the sky.
(17) Late: and so on. One is "old". Trajectory: refers to the footprint left by the husband when he goes out.
(18) This sentence refers to the footprints left by the husband when he went out. Moss is everywhere, but no one goes home.
(19) These two sentences say that the moss grows too deep to be swept away, and the wind in early autumn blows off the leaves and covers the moss.
(20) Butterfly Yellow: It is said that there are many colorful butterflies in spring and many yellow butterflies in autumn. There is a line in Bai Juyi's poem that "Qiu Die is yellow and fluffy". Yang Shengan said: "Butterflies are black or white, or all five colors, only one is yellow, and autumn is full of golden eyes." "Yellow" means "come" and literally means long.
(2 1) Feeling this: Feeling this, it is called butterfly Qi Fei.
(22) Sit sad: Because of sadness. Sit: Because. Beauty: the rosy face of a young woman. Seeing butterflies flying together makes me sad, and my face is aging because of worry.
(23) sooner or later; What time? March 8th: Ba County (now Chongqing), Badong (now fengjie county, Sichuan) and Brazil (now Langzhong County, Sichuan). Get off the third bus: it means to go downstream from Sichuan and go home.
(24) Advance: Advance, advance. Book: letter.
(25) not far: don't say far. Tao: Say. It means not too far.
(26) Changsha Storm: Also known as Shipai Bay, it is located near the East Yangtze River in Anqing City, Anhui Province, about 700 miles away from Jinling Chang Gan.
The situation is very dangerous. Lu You's book into Shu: "It's 700 Li from Jinling to Changfengshan." As long as I receive your letter on the No.3 bus, I will definitely ignore the distance until the long sandstorm meets you.