1. To read and appreciate an ancient poem (word), the first step is to be able to read it. If you don't understand it, you can't appreciate it. The so-called "I don't know how to have a Han, how to talk about Wei and Jin". In the step of "reading", we should at least reach the realm of "the west wind withered the green trees last night, and we climbed the tall building alone and looked at the end of the world".
1. Clear word meaning
Clear word meaning means to understand the meaning of each word for each ancient poem (word) so as to achieve the implementation of each word. Sometimes, even if one word of an ancient poem (word) is not understood, it will affect the understanding of the whole poem (word).
2. Ming allusions
Ming allusions are to understand the allusions used in poetry. Some poems, without allusions, are relatively less difficult for us to read; Some poems, on the other hand, use a lot of allusions and are quite clever. If you don't understand them clearly, it will be difficult to understand them literally, or it will be difficult to correctly interpret their connotations.
Second, read thoroughly
Read thoroughly, which is the second step to appreciate classical poetry. In this step, we should reach the state of "gradually widening the belt and never regretting it, so that people will be haggard for Iraq". How can I read it thoroughly? At least "four meetings" should be achieved.
1. Know how to tell people about the world
Know how to tell people about the world, and express Mencius? Zhang Wan II: "Ode to his poems and read his books, but you don't know who he is, can you?"? It is based on its world. " In the Qing Dynasty, Shen Deqian's "Talking about Poetry" said: "Another example is painting landscapes, and those who have names to press must write the meaning of landing and mourning; If you paint a character with facts, you will send out the meaning of knowing people and discussing the world. " Understanding people and discussing the world is used to appreciate classical poetry, which means to understand the author and writing background of poetry. Understand the author, including the author's life, thoughts, creative path, artistic style, etc. Understand the writing background, including the background of the times when the works were produced, the author's mood when writing and similar works by other contemporary authors. Only by knowing people and discussing the world can you read through specific works.
2. Know how to "seek the source along the waves"
"seek the source along the waves". See the western Jin poet Lu Ji's Wen Fu: "Or seek the source along the waves", Southern Dynasties? Liang? Liu Xie, Wen Xin Diao Long? Bosom friend ":"The husband who wrote the essay was moved and resigned, and the viewer put on the essay to get into the mood. Seek the source along the waves, although you will show it. " In the appreciation of classical poetry, being able to "follow the waves to seek the source" means being able to explore the source of the work and even the source of the author's learning according to the clues in the poem.
3. Being able to explore artistic conception
Artistic conception is one of the important aesthetic categories in China's classical poetics.
the key to appreciating classical poetry is to explore its artistic conception. Artistic conception, and the image of another aesthetic category, have similarities and differences. The similarities are mainly that both of them are the unity of subjective feelings and objective images; The main difference lies in the fact that the artistic conception is often related to the whole work, and the image is the concrete component to create the artistic conception of a work.
4. Compare similarities and differences
As the saying goes, "Only by comparison can we identify." When appreciating classical poetry, we will compare the works with the same topic or theme, distinguish their similarities and differences, and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses, which is extremely beneficial for reading through the works. We can make an all-round comparison between thought and
artistry, and we can also compare one or two elements of poetry, such as theme, image, composition, skill and style, to explain its characteristics and show its beauty.
third, reading
reading is the third and most important step to appreciate classical poetry. In this step, the connoisseur should make a qualitative leap on the basis of the first two steps, and reach the state of "looking for him in the crowd for thousands of Baidu, and suddenly looking back, the man is in the dim light". That is to say, the interpretation of a poem (word) is not only at the level of literal understanding and the excavation of its artistic conception, but also at the level of knowing the works by heart, turning the artistic conception of the works into the realm of the appreciator's mind, and expressing it with its unique angle and unique language. Its outstanding performance lies in completing the writing of appreciation articles. Appreciation of articles is the external expression of appreciation results. Without this step, the appreciation process is incomplete and cannot be said to be successful. How to write articles on appreciation of classical poetry. In my opinion, there is no fixed pattern. However, there are three points that can be emphasized:
1. Having substance in words
Having substance in words is to talk less empty words and nonsense, so that words are long and words are short. It is absolutely not enough to write short stories, as some people do now, and they insist on making them into novelettes or even novels. I think, as long as I write out my deepest and most personal experience of reading poetry, there is no need to cover everything, let alone make a big article.
2. Flexibility and diversity
Flexibility and diversity means that when writing appreciation articles, we should adopt different writing methods according to different works. As far as the length of poems is concerned, generally speaking, long poems can be in the form of essays or in other ways; For short poems, essays and dialogues are suitable. As far as the content and form of poetry are concerned, the appreciation of the text can be written from many angles, or one or two of them can be appreciated. In a word, don't stick to the rules, but be flexible and diverse.
3. Language is as beautiful as poetry
Poetry is an art of beauty, and its language is a language of beauty. As an appreciation of the beautiful art of poetry, the appreciation article should be as beautiful as the language of poetry, and the appreciation article should not be written as boring as poetry.
I dare not say how beautiful the above words are, but at least they are not boring.
In a word, the three steps of reading → reading → reading have been completed, and the appreciation of specific poetry works has also been completed.