Lu You (1125-1210) was born in Yin Shan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). Patriotic poets in Southern Song Dynasty. Father Lu Zai is an intellectual with patriotic thoughts. Family education made Lu You set up the thought of worrying about the country and the people and the ambition of killing the enemy and serving the country from an early age. He studied tirelessly since he was a child, and he was able to write poetry at the age of twelve. He also studied sword and art of war. Around the age of twenty-five, he learned a lot from a patriotic poet, and he benefited a lot. From then on, the patriotic tone of his poetry creation was determined.
In the twenty-third year of Shaoxing (1 153), he went to Lin 'an to be a scholar, but he was jealous by Qin Gui because of the "theory of happiness after recovery" and was removed from the list during the second interview. It was not until three years after Qin Gui's death (1 158) that it became the master book of Ningde County in Fuzhou. At the beginning of his reign, Song Xiaozong was summoned and given the background of Jinshi. He has served as a judge in Zhenjiang and Kuizhou, participated in the shogunate of Wang Yan and Fan Chengda, promoted the tea and salt business in Changping and Jiangnan West Road in Fujian, and won the right to be the magistrate in Yanzhou. Guangzong, in addition to the court doctor, does the doctor. After the disintegration, he returned to his hometown of Old Yin Shan. He "mingled with the old peasants", sent doctors and medicines to the peasants, and forged a deep friendship with them. In the second year of Jiading (12 10), an 85-year-old poet passed away with the regret of "wishing he could not see the Central Plains before his death". He was born in an era of sharp ethnic contradictions and critical national situation. He is determined to "sweep away the dust" and "calm down the national disaster" with the heroic spirit of "iron horse conquering Land Rover" and the spirit of sacrifice of "revenge for national subjugation". However, in the political struggle, he was repeatedly excluded and hit by the imperial capitulationists. However, he always sticks to his ideals.
The most striking feature of his poems is strong patriotism. Most of his poems are elegant and graceful, but there are also many impassioned works full of tragic and patriotic passion. Jin Mao's "Postscript on the Poems of Releasing Weng" said: "Yang Yongxiu (cautiously) said:' The poems of releasing Weng are as beautiful as Huaihai (Qin Guan) and as magnificent as the eastern slope. "It's more like Jiaxuan's ears to be super cool." His prose achievements are also very high, and he was promoted to be a master of the Southern Song Dynasty by his predecessors. Most of the political essays, historical records, travel notes, prefaces and postscripts written are concise in language and orderly in structure.
Lu You is an outstanding representative of patriotic poetry school. His works have strong patriotism and outstanding artistic achievements, and occupy an important position in the history of China literature.
Only one poem embodies its "ancient benevolence" style:
Sickness and pregnancy
Notes on the title or background of a book.
See "Poems of Jian Nan". Written in Xichun's third summer in Song Xiaozong (1 176). When I was traveling in Chengdu, I was attacked, impeached and dismissed from office, so I bowed to other places. In late spring, summer and autumn, the author fell ill. Although his life is getting poorer, he still remembers the meaning of recovery. So after he recovered from his illness, he wrote the second book "Disease Book" to show his undying love for the country.
original text
The diseased bone is broken and the gauze cap is wide.
Wan Li, an orphan minister, is a guest in Jianggan.
I dare not forget my motherland,
It is still necessary to close the coffin.
Heaven, earth, gods and temples that support society,
The elderly in Beijing look forward to peace.
The book Introduction is a masterpiece.
Take a closer look at the midnight light.
2. Wen Tianxiang
Wen Tianxiang (1236- 1283), formerly known as Sun Yun, was born in Wenshan, Luling, Jizhou (now Ji 'an County). He was an outstanding national hero and patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. In the fourth year of Baoyu (1256), he won the top prize, but he was unable to become an official because of his father's death. Eunuch Dong asked to move the capital to avoid the enemy's front. In order to inspire people, Wen Tianxiang offered a plan to defend against the enemy and asked Dong to behead him, which was not adopted. Later, he served as Langguan and Zhizhou in the punishments department. In the sixth year of Xian Chun (1270), he was dismissed for offending the traitor Jia Sidao. Deyou (1275) heard about it in the first month. It was the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty). The following year, he was appointed Prime Minister Right and envoy of the Tang Dynasty. At that time, the Yuan army had advanced on Lin 'an, was sent to Yuan Ying for negotiations, was detained and taken to the north. At the end of February, Tianxiang and his guest Du Hu and others 12 died in Zhou Zhen at night. Then he went south to Fujian by sea, joined Zhang Shijie and Lu Xiufu, and persisted in resisting Yuan. Jing Yan joined the army for two years (1277). Defeated by Yuan Zhongbing, his wife and children were held hostage, and the soldiers sacrificed a lot. Tian Xiang escaped alone, so he retreated to Guangdong and continued to resist Yuan. Later, because of the traitor's attack, he was captured in Wupoling (now Haifeng County, Guangdong Province) in December of the same year. Forcing Zhang Hongfan to surrender to Zhang Shijie by Yuan is a poem in the book Zero Crossing. At the end of the sentence, he said, "No one has died since ancient times, leaving Dan Xin in charge of his sweat." After four years in prison, he endured all kinds of severe tests and never gave in. He died peacefully on 1283 at the age of 47. Wen Tianxiang wrote a large number of poems, words and essays, including more than one poem 100, which made great achievements, including The Complete Works of Mr. Wenshan, among which Crossing the Zero Ding Yang and Yi Ge Xing are timeless.
My heart is a magnet, not that the South refuses to rest —— The Yangtze River by Wen Song and Tian Xiang.