The breeze rippled on the grassy coast, through the night, and blew to my still mast.
The endless plains are dotted with drooping stars. The moon runs with the river.
I hope my art can bring me fame and liberate my sick old age from the office! .
Flying around, flying around, what am I like, just a sandpiper in the vast world! .
translate
The breeze blows the fine grass on the river bank, and the high-masted boat is moored alone at night.
The stars are low in the vast sky, and the moon is reflected on the river, surging with the waves.
The name may be highlighted by the article, and the official position should stop when it is old and sick.
What's it like to wander around alone? Like a lonely Sha Ou between heaven and earth.
Note bank: refers to the river bank.
Qiang: A tall and vertical mast. Dangerous, high. A mast for hanging sails.
One-night boat ride: It means being alone by the river at night.
The stars look down from the clearing: the sky is low, and Yuan Ye is particularly vast.
Moon fluctuation: The moon reflects and fluctuates with the water.
Dajiang: refers to the Yangtze River.
Name: This sentence was written in an ironic way. Du Fu is really famous for his articles, but he said no, which shows that he has other ambitions, so this sentence is a proud one. It was clearly the official Hugh who gave up the matter because of his statement, but he said no, because he was old and ill, so this sentence was self-evident.
Free my sick old age from the office! : The official was dismissed because of his old age and illness. Should, think it's ok, it's ok.
Fluttering: The appearance of flying means "drifting" and "drifting", because Sha Ou is used here to describe people's drifting.
Make an appreciative comment
The first half of the poem describes the scene of "night tour": the breeze blows the fine grass on the river bank, and the high-mast boat is moored alone on the moonlit night. At that time, Du Fu was forced to leave Chengdu. In October this year, he resigned as our staff officer, and in April, his good friend Yanwu, who lived in Chengdu, passed away. In this remote place, I decided to leave East Sichuan. Therefore, this is not a vague description of the scenery, but a feeling of the scenery. Through the description of the scenery, his situation and feelings are expressed: small as grass on the river bank and lonely as a boat in the river. The third and fourth sentences write a vision: the stars are low and Ye Ping is vast; The moon surges with the waves, and the river flows eastward. These two sentences are magnificent, profound and have always been praised. What does the poet feel in these two sentences? Some people think it is "open-minded" (Pu Qilong's Reading Du Xin Jie), while others think it is a feeling of "happiness" (see Tang Poems, Du Fu's Five Laws). Obviously, this poem is about the poet's tragic wandering situation in his later years, and the above two explanations only emphasize the literal meaning of the poem, which is unconvincing. In fact, the poet wrote about the vast Ye Ping, the mighty rivers and the splendid stars and moons just to reflect his lonely image and sad mood. This technique of writing sadness with joy is often used in classical works. For example, "The Book of Songs Xiaoya Cai Wei" and "I have gone far away, and there is another village", how touching it is to set off the sadness of the soldiers who went to war with the beautiful scenery of spring!
The second half of the poem is "Shu Huai". The fifth and sixth sentences say that I am a little famous. Where is it because my article is good? An official should retire because he is old and ill. This is irony, and this idea is implicit. The poet is famous for his great political ambition, but he has been suppressed for a long time and cannot display it, so his fame is actually due to his articles, which is really not what he wants. Du Fu was really old and sick at this time, but his retirement was mainly due to being excluded, not being old and sick. This shows the injustice in the poet's mind and reveals that political frustration is the fundamental reason for his wandering loneliness. Regarding the meaning of this couplet, it is probably inappropriate to say that it is "the language of self-blame without blame" ("Du Shi Shuo"), and Qiu said that it is "the five belong to self-modesty, and the six belong to self-interpretation" ("Detailed Notes on Du Shaoling Collection"). The last two sentences say, what does it look like to float all over? It's like Europe in the wide world. Considering the situation at that time, the poet expressed his sadness. The water and sky are vast, and Sha Ou falls; People, like Sha Ou, move in the rivers and lakes. This couplet is lyrical by borrowing scenery, which profoundly shows the wandering sadness in the poet's heart. It is really touching.
Wang Fuzhi's "Jiang Zhai Shi Hua" said: "Although the scenery is divided into things, the scenery gives birth to feelings, and the feelings give birth to the scenery, each hides its own home." Scenery, Tibet and mutual residence, that is, feelings in the scene, feelings in the scene. The former writes scenes suitable for expressing the poet's feelings, so that the feelings are hidden in the scenery; The latter does not write in abstraction, but hides the scenery in writing. Du Fu's poem "A Night Outside" is an example of the coexistence of scenery and houses in classical poetry.
The whole poem is full of scenery and emotion, and there is affection in the scene. The whole poem is full of vigor and vitality. With the contrast between scenes, a wandering image independent of heaven and earth is set off, and the whole poem is filled with deep and dignified loneliness. This is a portrayal of the poet's life experience.
Creation background
In the first month of the first year of Yongtai in Tang Daizong (AD 765), Du Fu resigned from his staff and returned to Chengdu Caotang. In April 765, Yanwu died, and Du Fu lost his dependence in Chengdu, so he sailed eastward from Chengdu, passing through Jiazhou (now Leshan, Sichuan) and Yuzhou (now Chongqing) to Zhongzhou (now Zhongxian, Chongqing). This poem was written on the road.
Author Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is known as "Du Gongbu" and "Du Shaoling". Born in Fugong County, Henan Province (now gongyi city, Henan Province), he was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu is regarded as a "poet saint" by the world, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are called "Du Li" together. In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, that is, "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Du Li". He is concerned about the country and the people and has a noble personality. About 65,438+0,400 of his poems have been preserved, and his poetic skills are exquisite, which is highly respected in Chinese classical poetry and has far-reaching influence. He lived in Chengdu from 759 to 766 and was commemorated by Du Fu's Caotang.