Yuan Zhen and Li Shangyin were both famous poets in the Tang Dynasty. Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi are called "Bai Yuan", while Li Shangyin and Du Mu are called "Little Du Li", and together with Wen, they are called "Arts and Sciences", which are equally famous in poetry circles.
Yuan Zhen's poetic style is concise, beautiful and elegant, Li Shangyin's conception is novel, his feelings are endless, and his words are delicate. They are all famous poets who describe love. Among them, Yuan Zhen's Lisi and Li Shangyin's Untitled Poems are the most famous love poems in Tang poetry. So, which is better?
Yuan Zhen and Li Shangyin lived in similar times. Yuan Zhen was active in the middle Tang Dynasty. He was born in the 14th year of Tang Daizong Dali (779) and died in 83 1. Li Shangyin was born in the eighth year of Yuanhe (8 13) and died in 858. He is one of the most representative figures in the late Tang Dynasty.
After Yuan and Li were both famous families, Yuan Zhen was a descendant of Tuoba, a Xianbei nationality in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and his father was Doctor Zhi Bi (from Wupin). Li Shangyin was a member of the same clan of the royal family in the Tang Dynasty, but his blood relationship was far away. His father served as an official in the temple to serve the imperial history (from the seventh grade). Both of them lost their fathers when they were young, and Yuan Zhen lost his father when he was 8 years old. Fortunately, my family has been an official for generations, and my family background is solid, so I can concentrate on my studies. Li Shangyin lost his father at the age of 9 and returned to his hometown with his mother, living in poverty. As the eldest son, he supplemented his family by selling books.
Yuan Zhen was clever and witty, and became famous young. In the 19th year of Zhenyuan (803), Yuan Zhen, 24, and Bai Juyi, 8 years older than him, were both awarded the title of scholar and merged into the secretary province as school bookkeepers. He was proud of the imperial examination, but not politically. Although he was a prime minister, he was demoted to other places under the planning of Li, and went to Wuchang as an official in his later years. 24-year-old Li Shangyin also became a scholar in Tang Wenzong in the second year of Kaicheng (837), which is also a rare talent. In the third year of Tang Dahe (829), he moved to Luoyang and got to know Bai Juyi, Ling Huchu and other predecessors, which was highly valued. But he was frustrated all his life, but he only worked as a secretary, a boy in a provincial school, a captain of Hongnong, and also served in the army.
Yuan Zhen held an important position in the middle Tang Dynasty, and advocated the new Yuefu movement with Bai Juyi. He was the man of the hour. Although Li Shangyin's official position is humble, he pushed the Tang poetry to another peak of his poetic achievements, so that Bai Juyi praised Li Shangyin's article and once said, "After I die, you can stand it enough." ("Biography of Tang Caizi"? Volume 7). Judging from the Collection of 300 Poems of Tang Dynasty, Li Shangyin has 22 poems, ranking fourth, and Yuan Zhen has 4 poems. However, Lisi was not included, which may be caused by the preference or omission of the dropout in Hengtang. However, it has a lot to do with Yuan Zhen's personality.
In the 15th year of Zhenyuan (799), Yuan Zhen, 2 1 year-old, lived in Zhou Pu, Hedong (now Yongji, Shanxi), and first worked as an official in Hezhongfu. At this time, while the garrison was in turmoil and Zhou Pu was fidgeting, Yuan Zhen protected his distant relatives in distress with the help of his friends and fell in love with his girls. Soon, Yuan Zhen returned to Beijing to catch the exam, but he fell behind. He boarded the palace, married Wei Cong, the daughter of Wei, and stayed in Luoyang, the eastern capital. This anecdote became the blueprint of the West Chamber in later generations, but the fact and the result of the opera were diametrically opposite. This may have been brought by a dog in the Song Dynasty, but the Tang Dynasty was relatively open and tolerant to men and women, so it went away.
After marriage, Yuan Zhen and his wife lived in harmony. Wei Cong, Wen Yishu, gave birth to five sons and/kloc-0 daughters in seven years. Yuanhe died in four years (809) at the age of 27. For this reason, Yuan Zhen wrote five famous Poems of Leaving Thoughts and three Poems of Mourning the Death, among which three Poems of Mourning the Death. Widely acclaimed, it is recorded in 300 Tang Poems, among which Sisi No.4 is more famous:
Once the ocean is short of water,
Amber forever.
Looking back at the flowers lazily,
Half the sky is cultivated, half the sky is a gentleman.
As far as poetry is concerned, Lisi can be regarded as Yuan Zhen's masterpiece and one of the best works describing love poems in ancient times. Yuan Zhen expressed his love and nostalgia for his beloved wife with passionate brushstrokes, which was touching. Because I have been in love, I will never meet again, even in the face of beautiful women. Generally speaking, it comes from monasticism and lover, and the performance of loyalty is very touching.
However, in fact, Yuan Zhen was not like this. In March of that year, before Wei Cong's death, Yuan Zhen went to Sichuan and Sichuan as a supervisor, and he was in hot water with Xue Tao, a prostitute who was known as one of the "four talented women in the Tang Dynasty" at that time. Soon Yuan Zhen offended the local dignitaries and was quickly transferred from Sichuan, and their love letters continued. There is a sentence in Yuan Zhen's "To Xue Tao": "Don't miss the monarch, the flowers of calamus are five clouds high." Sigh. Probably because Xue Tao was a prostitute and was older than Yuan Zhen 1 1, this relationship also fell through.
Less than a year after Wei Cong's death, Yuan Zhen took his friend Li Jingjian's cousin as a wing, but he died three years later, and Yuan Zhen also wrote an affectionate letter. In the 11th year of Yuanhe (8 16), Yuan Zhen married Pei Shu, the daughter of Pei Yun, a famous family in Hedong, Shanxi Province. Supposedly, Yuan Zhen should stop here. However, the prodigal son turned back. In the third year of Changqing, Tang Muzong (823), when Yuan Zhen was appointed as the secretariat of Yuezhou and the observer of East Zhejiang, he met Liu Caichun, a poetess in the south of the Yangtze River, and quickly sparked. There was a poem "To Liu Caichun", which described Liu Caichun's beauty as "gentle, humble and charming".
Yuan Zhen is not only romantic and affectionate, but also jealous of talent. He is very scheming. Ling Huchu strongly recommended Zhang Hu, a famous poet in Tang Dynasty. As a result, Yuan Zhen was a national scholar and Hanlin got a bachelor's degree. He is afraid that Linghu Chu's strength will increase. The emperor asked Zhang Hu about his talents, and Yuan Zhen said, "Zhang Hu carves small insects." Therefore, Zhang Hu lived a life of food and clothing, and never wanted to be an official again. However, his poetic achievements in his life are far higher than Yuan Zhen's.
Later generations also belittled Yuan Zhen. "Old Tang Biography" said: "However, if you don't check your merits, you won't be tired of human feelings." To evaluate and sum up, so Yuan Zhen didn't sit hot in the position of prime minister because there was a contradiction with Pei Du, which was stopped by both of them. Before Yuan Zhen died, fearing that others would belittle him, he asked his best friend Bai Juyi to write an epitaph to praise him. To this end, Yuan Jia's fountain pen fee for him has reached an alarming level. Bai Juyi wrote in Xiuxiangshan Temple: "Last autumn, I was very weak, so I saw it in the epitaph. As a result, the old things in Yuanshi County, such as his treasures, horses, silk, silver saddles and jade belts, are worth 600,000 to 700,000, which is a gift from Xie Wen. " In the end, Bai Juyi couldn't get rid of it and had to donate it to Xiangshan Temple.
Let's look back at Li Shangyin. Li Shangyin won the election because of the influence of Ling Huchu and his son. Later, she was favored by Wang Maoyuan, the ambassador of Jingyuan, and married her daughter Wang. However, Li Shangyin has since been involved in the whirlpool of "the dispute between Niu and Li". Wang Maoyuan made friends with Li Deyu and was regarded as a member of Li Party. Linghu Chu and his son belong to the "Niudang", and Li Shangyin is caught in the cracks. In the end, both sides pushed out Li Shangyin, so he was frustrated and depressed all his life. Li Shangyin died in Zhengzhou in the last year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (about 858).
However, Li Shangyin and Wang's wife have deep feelings. The note to friends in the north on the famous rainy night reads: "When you ask about your return date, the rain will rise in the evening. When * * * cut the candle at the west window and talk about the late rain. " It's to show how much I miss my wife. Wang died less than 12 years after his marriage. Li Shangyin's funeral works, such as "House Mourning in the First Month" and "Going to Shu Dong after Mourning, Three Passes of Snow", are homeless and homesick, and are written in blood and tears, which are unsightly to read.
Li Shangyin wrote a large number of love poems in his life, some of which (untitled poems) are obscure and difficult to understand, and they are called "Kunxi Style", and various explanations and side notes have been heard for thousands of years. From the author's point of view, many poems are just beautiful poems that simply describe love. If we cling to them at will, we will only go astray. We will only appreciate their sentimental songs and don't have to pursue them too much.
golden
I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, and each string has a youthful interval.
Zhuangzi daydreaming, a saint, was bewitched by butterflies, and cuckoo crowed in the imperial spring.
Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathed their jade to the sun.
A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I know it. ?
Untitled
It was a long time ago that I met her, but since we separated, the time has become longer, the east wind is blowing and a hundred flowers are blooming.
Silkworms in spring will weave until they die, and candles will drain the wick every night.
In the morning, she saw her hair cloud changing in the mirror, but she bravely faced the cold of the moonlight with her evening song.
There are not many roads to Pengshan. Oh, Bluebird, listen! -Give me what she said! .
Untitled
The stars were bright last night, but there was a cool breeze at midnight. Our banquet is on the side of Hualou Temple and the east of the county.
Without Cai Feng's wings, it is impossible to be Qi Fei in fly with me; The heart is like a soul, and the feelings are the same.
Guessing and intrigue, wine warms the heart; This group of people came to the bet of drinking friends, and a win-lose red in candlelight.
Alas, it's time to call the roll in the morning when you hear the drums of the fifth watch; Riding to Lantai is like the wind in the wind. ?
Untitled
The wind in the east wind, the rain in the wind, the rain in the wind, the sound of light thunder came from the other side outside the lotus pond.
There is also a locked golden toad incense burner. Cigarettes are elegantly wrapped, like pulleys in a jade pot, and the traction rope is pumped into the well water.
Wang Wei dreamed that she was a beautiful young girl. Wang Wei had a pillow dream and wrote a poem.
Never mind the flowers, even this bright flame of love, is it only ashes? .
Untitled
Acacia can be helpless during the day, and Yancheng will pass by on a clear night.
I only know that spring comes sparsely, but I don't know that spring comes alone. ?
Untitled
At dusk, I want to go to the high-rise building alone, and the cross lovers on the stairs don't come, and the crescent moon is like a hook.
Banana hearts don't show lilac's frustration, but they are also sad about the spring breeze.
The above are six love poems written by Li Shangyin, which are sentimental, emotional, sad, touching, sincere, touching and touching, without any extravagance or rhetoric. They are completely heartfelt, sad, gloomy, elegant, hazy, beautiful, with implicit puns.
Therefore, when it comes to the artistic accomplishment and poetic rhyme of Yuan Zhen and Li Shangyin, Li Shangyin is naturally superior. Although Yuan Zhen has many poems, he can't compare with Li Shangyin only in love poems. Moreover, for Yuan Zhen, a prodigal son who is merciful everywhere, talking about love may be just a temporary catharsis.
2018/12/14 yumuzhai