Zhang Guowei (1595-1646), courtesy name Yuqi, was born in Dongyang, Zhejiang. He once served as governor of ten prefectures south of the Yangtze River in the late Ming Dynasty, and later served as minister of the Ministry of War. After the Qing soldiers entered the pass, they would rather die than surrender and sacrifice themselves for the country.
He will be a Jinshi in the second year of Qi tomorrow (1622) and will be awarded the title of Magistrate of Panyu County. During his tenure, he built schools, taught farming and mulberry trees, and transformed the people with virtue.
In the seventh year of Chongzhen (1634), he was promoted to the censor of Youqiandu, governor of Yingtian, Anqing and other ten prefectures, and presided over the construction of Fanchang and Taihu cities. It shows that he has dredged rivers in Songjiang, Jiading, Shanghai, Wuxi and other places, and built bridges, ponds and canals in Wujiang, Jiangyin, Suzhou and other counties.
In the eighth year of Chongzhen (1635), Zhang Guowei, who was the governor's censor at the time, and the governor's censor Wang Yi'e repaired the Wujiang stone pond. It was determined that the whole stone pond collapsed and should be repaired to 1,550 feet, but half collapsed. Two thousand and eighty-six feet long. Looking at the water shortage in Zhuju in the west, we should build inner and outer ponds of seven hundred and sixty feet, and build long bridges, Sanjiang bridges, and Wengjing bridges. In view of the poor drainage of Taihu Lake floods, he wrote in the ninth year of Chongzhen (1636) to request that the drainage channels on both sides of the Wujiang County Long Bridge be dredged. The seventy arches of the long bridge and the water sinuses in the Jiuli Shitang area are divided into vents. A floating pavilion must be built next to the current bridge arch to contain the water flow and gradually become blocked, so the demolition cannot be delayed. The sinuses of the Shitang are also old. The siltation has formed land and should be dredged as a whole to avoid damage to farmland." Therefore, the "History of the Ming Dynasty" says: Zhang Guowei "built Suzhou's Jiuli Stone Pond and Pingwang Inner and Outer Ponds, Changzhou to He and other ponds, built Songjiang to defend the sea embankment, and dredged Zhenjiang and Jiangyin canals, and achieved success." He deeply understood, "In Wu Zeguo, the people depend on fields for their livelihood, and the fields depend on water for their livelihood. If the water is unfavorable, it will cause harm." He said: "I searched for springs and dredged, and rode alone. I was short of money and money, and did not do anything." With years of experience in water conservancy, he wrote and published a 700,000-word "Wuzhong Water Conservancy Complete Book", which is the largest water conservancy masterpiece in ancient my country. "Wuzhong Water Conservancy Complete Book" was written in the 12th year of Chongzhen (1639). The book first lists 12 general water conservancy maps of the seven southeastern prefectures, followed by water sources, water veins, water names, etc., and also records relevant edicts, Chapter memorials, including discussions, prefaces, ballads, etc. about water control from the Song and Yuan Dynasties to Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty, are a vital water conservancy document for the study of the four counties of Su, Song, Chang, and Zhen.
The "History of the Ming Dynasty" contains: Chen Xinjia, Minister of the Ministry of War, was imprisoned, and the emperor summoned Guowei to replace him. Then he decided to fight and observe the rules of rewards and punishments, and listed seven things such as strict duties, discretionary promotions, and careful consultation, etc., and the emperor would report them all. Huikaifeng fell, Hebei was shaken, and several measures were taken to prevent the river, and the emperor also accepted them.
In April of the 16th year of Chongzhen, our Qing troops entered Jifu, and the state Wei Zhao Zhao Guangzhi refused Luoshan, and the Eighth General Army Division was defeated. The speaker who slanders Guowei is dismissed from his post and seeks to be imprisoned. The emperor thought of his river control skills and was released. He was summoned to the left gate of Zhongzhong, reinstated as an old official, and served as the censor of Qiandu on the right. He went to Jiangnan and Zhejiang to supervise military training, pay, and other matters. Ten days after leaving the capital, the capital fell.
In the second year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty (1645), he supported the king of Lu Zhu Yihai to supervise the country. The commander-in-chief Fang Guoan rebelled and surrendered. He summoned his two sons to ask him about his attitude towards life and death. The eldest son Shifeng said that he would never live an ignoble life, and the second son Shipeng responded a little slowly, and Zhang Guowei immediately threw a stone inkstone and missed. Shipeng wept as he said, "I calmly fulfilled my duties and sacrificed my life generously. My children are happy with it, but my grandmother is eighty years old...". At midnight, Zhang Guowei put on his clothes and said goodbye to his mother. He calmly composed three chapters of "The Book of Jue Ming" and wrote, "Loyalty and filial piety cannot have both. As a minister, friendship must die. You two may be loyal or filial. Each of you can pursue your own ambitions. Don't let it get in the way." The death of my eldest mother made me feel resentful. "I threw my pen on the ground, handed over my suicide note to my second son, and threw myself into a garden and died at the age of fifty-two. Later generations built the Zhang Guowei Temple in the Huqiu Mountain area of ??Suzhou as a memorial. Nanshe, a famous social organization in modern Chinese history, chose to hold its first gathering at Zhang Guowei Temple, which is deeply meaningful.