According to traditional saying, the flat tone is a flat tone, the rising tone is a rising tone, the falling tone is a falling tone, and the entering tone is a short tone. The "Jade Key Song Jue" written by Shi Vacuum in the Ming Dynasty said:
Don’t lower your voice and raise your voice when the road is level.
The upper voice shouts loudly and violently.
The going voice is clear and mournful for the distant road.
The entering voice is short and urgent.
To put it simply, the key to distinguishing between flat and oblique is "not equal is oblique."
Ping tones are roughly equivalent to the first and second tones in Mandarin; oblique tones are roughly equivalent to the third and fourth tones in Mandarin. In the quatrain, the upper and lower sentences, the first sentence and the couplet, the second character, the fourth character, and the sixth character should be opposite to each other. If the characters in the upper sentence are in flat tone, the characters in the next sentence should be in oblique tone, and vice versa.
The ancients paid attention to the relative balance between oblique and oblique when writing poems. They used the balanced alternation of Chinese tones to create the beauty of the ups and downs in the language. It is catchy to read and the rhymes are honest and honest
Are oblique requirements very strict? Do we have to pay attention to levelness?
The requirements for rhythm in poetry are strict. Rhythmic poetry pays attention to rhythm, and lyrics should pay attention to rhythm. Ancient poetry does not pay attention to rhythm except for rhyme.
Poems and songs from the Pre-Qin Dynasty to the Wei and Jin Dynasties were all rhymes, and they were first used for singing. As of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there was no concept of Ping and Lei.
The concept of four tones and pingqi only began to exist in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. There was no pingqi before Qi and Liang Dynasties, and of course they did not consider pingqi when writing poems. During the Yongming period of the Qi Dynasty, Yongming style poets represented by the "Eight Friends of Jingling" began to pay attention to the four tones: level up, go up and enter. Among them, Ping is the flat tone, and Up and Enter is the oblique tone.
After Qi and Liang Dynasties, poets began to pay attention to the application of four tones and levels. Shen Yue and others even came up with the "eight diseases" that should be paid attention to when writing poems. The theory of "eight diseases" is completely based on the four tones. and Pingzhi theory, but later generations did not fully recognize the eight diseases.
In the early Tang Dynasty, modern poetry (metrical poetry) began to have clear rules. Four basic sentence patterns of alternating oblique and oblique sentences were combined into four poetic styles according to the rules of opposition and adhesion. Metrical poetry was included in the imperial examination during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty. Those candidates who had problems with the "level" of their poems would be eliminated. There must be no carelessness.
However, even in the Tang Dynasty, not all poems had to consider the rhyme and rhythm. Many poets liked to write ancient poems that did not pay attention to the meter. This type of poetry only needed to pay attention to the rhyme and rhyme, and other words were not. Need to pay attention.
The summary is that the ancients before the Qi and Liang Dynasties did not consider the rhythm and obliqueness when writing poems; the poems written by the ancients after the Qi and Liang Dynasties were divided into two types. When writing metrical poems, they should pay attention to the obliqueness and obliqueness, while when writing ancient style poems, they only need to pay attention to the oblique and oblique rhymes.