Four ancient Chinese poems in the first day of junior high school

The child who asks this question is really lazy ~ at least you should write the poem you want to appreciate first. We are much older, and we don't know what poems you learned in the first grade! But fortunately, I have an idea. "Looking at the sea" "Jieshi looks at the sea in the east. The position of "viewing the sea" is clearly written in the first two paragraphs of Shuishan Island: the poet climbed to the top of Jieshi Mountain, high in the sea, with a wide view and a panoramic view of the sea. The following ten descriptions are almost all derived from this. " The water is full of water, and the mountains and islands are all scenery "is the general impression of seeing the sea at first, which is a bit like a thick line in the painting." ""Lian Lian "describes the vastness of the sea; "How, how, today's word" how "is a beautiful sigh. If you add beauty to the beauty, you can imagine the vastness of the sea. In this rippling sea, the first thing you see is the towering mountain islands, which are dotted on the flat and wide sea, making the sea look magical and spectacular. These two sentences roughly outline the prospect of the sea, which will be described in depth at different levels. " There are many trees and plenty of herbs. The operation of the sun and the moon seems to be from the vast ocean. "The first two sentences specifically describe the mountain island: although the autumn wind is bleak and the vegetation is withered, the trees on the island are lush and the grass is rich, giving people a sense of business. The last two sentences are about "What is water like? ":Look carefully, the sea in the bleak autumn wind is actually a huge wave, surging and undulating. Here, although it is a typical autumn environment, there is nothing bleak and desolate. In the history of China literature, due to the writer's world outlook, situation and other reasons, since Song Yu's "Nine Arguments" opened the first sound of sad autumn literature, how many poets and writers shed tears in the autumn wind, watching the fallen leaves, feeling hurt! Cao, on the other hand, faced the bleak autumn wind and wrote about the vastness of the sea: in the bleak autumn wind, the sea was surging and mighty; The mountain island is tall and straight, with lush vegetation and no fading and sentimental artistic conception. This new realm and new style just embodies his "martyr" mind. "The trip to the sun and the moon, if by surprise; Xinghan is brilliant, if you take it by surprise. "The previous description is observed from the plane of the sea. These four sentences are related to the vast universe, presenting the momentum and strength of the sea to readers: the vast sea is connected with the sky and the air is turbid; In front of this magnificent sea, the sun, the moon, the stars and the Han (the Milky Way) are all small, and their operation seems to be freely absorbed by the sea. The sea described by the poet here is not only the real scene in front of him, but also his own imagination and exaggeration, which shows the magnificent atmosphere of the universe and is full of the momentum of "the five mountains start from the square". This kind of "cage cover breathing atmosphere" is the artistic realm of the poet's "eyes" and "chest". (See Zhong Xing's Review of Ancient Poems, Volume 7) From the heart, a poet would never have written such a magnificent poetic scene without great political ambition, ambition to make contributions and optimism about the future. In the past, some people said that Cao Cao's poems were "domineering" (in Shen Deqian), referring to works such as Looking at the Sea. Of course, "domineering" is a kind of ridicule, but if "domineering" is understood as the ambition to unify China, then this kind of artistic appreciation is still desirable. " Fortunately, even if it is, the song is to be sung. "This is a group of words in the chorus, which has nothing to do with the content of the poem, so I don't need to elaborate. The first couplet of "The Next Berth on Beibao Mountain" depicts green mountains and green waters and describes the poet's whereabouts. Although the word "guest road" is true, it already contains homesickness. Echoing the "Hometown Book" and "Returning to the Wild Goose" of Wei Lian, the poet's skill in choosing words and making sentences can be seen. The scenery written by Zhuan Xu is meaningful and thought-provoking: "Tide is flat" because of "the width of the two sides" and "the wind is positive". The word "Fengzheng" is very particular. Using "stability" is not enough to ensure that "a sail hangs"-if it is stable, the sail will bulge into an arc; With "wind and"? Aside from confrontation, if it is against the wind, even if it is "harmony", it is impossible to hang the sail. Necklace couplets have always been very popular. " The passage of time, Jiang Chun's old age "is not only the alternation of time series, but also full of philosophy." Sun "and" Spring "are symbols of new things and beautiful things. The poet endowed them with human will and feelings through personification, and showed the truth of life in an ordinary sense, which was encouraging. Compared with Zhang's theory of "endless life, handed down from generation to generation, Jiang Yue is only similar year after year", if we consider it from the aspects of optimism, positive and upward appeal, it seems to be slightly better. No wonder Qi Huangong, a contemporary of the poet, said this couplet was a "masterpiece of government affairs", and Hu Yinglin in the Ming Dynasty praised it as "the wonderful description of scenery"! Tail couplet is still related to the scenery, and the legend of "wild goose feet pass books" is thought to come from Yanbei. The scene is real, it feels real, and the first sentence echoes from a distance. The faint homesickness is beyond words. "Qiantang Spring Tour" This is a poem describing the West Lake (Qiantang Lake) in early spring. In the poem, the poet is like a superb photographer, aiming at the thing that best represents the beauty of the West Lake in early spring, and taking a wonderful picture and showing it to us. In a word or two, clouds are full of water and spring. On the lake between Gushan Temple and Jiagongting, the water is flat and blue. The clouds in the sky float very low because of the humid air in spring, and are connected with the waves on the lake at a distance. Among them, mountains, temples, pavilions, water, dikes and clouds are scattered and well-coordinated, forming a three-dimensional lake scene with a flat width and a wide distance. Three or four sentences, Yan Ying seeks spring scenery. On a few branches facing the sun, the early orioles jumped and sang the songs of spring beautifully; On the wet shore of the lake, I don't know who the new swallow is. She is busy with mud and nesting. Early songbirds were rare, only in "a few places"; There are not many new swallows, and I don't know whose family they are. The West Lake is an ideal paradise for birds, and those who arrive first begin to cheer early. In the dynamic depiction of song and dance, the poem conveys the vivid early spring atmosphere of the West Lake. In five or six sentences, flowers and plants strive for spring glory. Looking around, the wild flowers in the shape of * * * in the spring breeze are blooming and swaying, gradually attracting people's attention; Looking down, the green spring grass is not deep enough, just enough to cover the horseshoe-flowers and plants are competing to flourish. It is conceivable that in the near future, the West Lake will produce seven or eight lines of colorful spring scenery, and poets praise Chun Qing. The poet rode his horse and waved his whip, pointing out the spring scenery: This white sand embankment shaded by green Vitamin is my favorite place to stay! This is the poet's heartfelt admiration when he saw the beautiful scenery in front of him. In fact, the poet walked through this boundless spring scenery, why not blend in and become a scenery of the West Lake in early spring! "Tianjingsha Qiu Si" is a famous ditty of Ma Zhiyuan, and 28 words outline a picture of a barren land. This song is heartbroken. The author's lyrical motivation can be seen from the title. In the first two sentences, the old vines make people faint, and the small bridges flow, creating a cold and bleak atmosphere and showing a fresh and quiet realm. The old vines here give people a bleak feeling, and it is already evening. Small bridges and flowing water make people feel relaxed and happy. 12 calligraphy and painting create a quiet pastoral scenery in late autumn. The ancient road became thinner with the west wind, and the poet described a bleak and desolate artistic conception of autumn wind, adding another layer of desolation to the quiet rural map. The setting sun adds a bit of bleak light to this bleak picture and deepens the sad atmosphere. The poet skillfully connects ten plain and objective scenes in series, and naturally puts the poet's infinite worries in the picture through words such as withered, old, light, ancient, western and thin. In the last sentence, heartbroken people are the crowning touch in the horizon. At this time, a wandering wanderer appeared on the picture of the country in late autumn. On the desolate ancient road at sunset, he walked with a thin horse in the biting autumn wind, heartbroken, but he didn't know where his home was, revealing the poet's sad feelings and expressing the theme appropriately. This poem takes a sentimental attitude. This poem by Ma Zhiyuan, in just 28 words, has profound meaning, exquisite structure, ups and downs, cadence and sonorous rhyme, and penetrates the soul. Its radiant artistic charm has fascinated many literati and poets in ancient and modern times. The meaning of the song is not only "the wonder of the quatrains in the Tang Dynasty" ("Shi Shuo Xin Yu"), but also the natural beauty of Song Ci, which has always been regarded as a masterpiece of describing nature. 1. Until the low tide, the river bank widened, and there was no wind to stir my lonely sail. "The snow has been melting slowly, because it brings together the meltwater from the Qianshan Mountain, and the water volume of the Yangtze River is gradually increasing, and the river surface is getting wider and wider. Coupled with the sails hanging high in the middle of the river, the distance between the two sides of the Yangtze River has become wider and wider. The combination of the rising river and the right positive wind can create a "no wind to stir the lonely sail" and outline a magnificent navigation chart of the great river. If I were in that situation, I would feel open-minded and confident in everything. 2. The first couplet: The poet put pen to paper from a big place and wrote down the mountains and rivers he saw when he passed the Jiating of Gushan Temple. "Chuping" refers to spring water, which is slightly flat with the embankment. "Low cloud feet" means that the white clouds are low and connected with the lake, and the outline of early spring is outlined. Zhuan Xu: Writing Yingying Yan is what poets see. Yingying is a singer in spring, and everyone is competing to fly to the sunny tree to sing; Yan, the messenger of spring, has begun to build nests with mud and is full of vitality. Neck couplet: Writing flowers and plants focuses on the poet's feelings. The horse walked briskly on the shallow grass and looked at the flowers for a long time. His eyes were full of colorful flowers, which made people dizzying and puzzled. Tail couplet: express one's feelings directly and express the poet's happy mood. The "lack of lines" is due to the lack of sight, which shows that the poet lingers. Looking at the crows at dusk from afar, they are looking for old vines to inhabit. Looking at the people who are living by the small bridge and flowing water, there is only a thin horse carrying a wandering wanderer, walking slowly on the ancient autumn wind road. Looking at the afterglow of the sunset, the broken-hearted people wandering outside are wandering around the world. A feeling of sadness and homesickness runs through it.