Existentialism puts forward three basic principles: first, "existence precedes essence", which holds that human existence precedes essence. "First of all, people's existence, appearance, appearance, and then explain themselves." The so-called existence, first of all, is the existence of "self" and "the existence of self-perception". If I don't exist, then nothing exists. The so-called "self" of human beings determines their own essence. Secondly, "the world is absurd and life is painful". It is believed that in this "subjective" society, there must be conflicts, struggles and cruelty between people, full of ugliness and sin, and everything is absurd. However, in this absurd and cold situation, man is only a painful person, and the world can only give people endless depression, disappointment and pessimism. So do the rich. The third is "free choice". This is the essence of existentialism. The core of existentialism is freedom, that is, people are absolutely free to choose their own actions. It believes that in this world, everyone has their own freedom, and they can make "free choices", what actions to take and how to act in the face of various environments. "If existence really precedes essence, people can never mention a known or specific thing." In other words, there is no determinism-people are free. Man is free. Sartre believes that if people can't make "free choice" in front of things according to their own will, they will lose their individuality and "self" and can't be regarded as real existence. Sartre's existential philosophy is not only the ideological core of existential literature, but also the ideological basis of various schools of postmodern literature.
It can be said that facts precede conclusions.
For example, you are a student now, this is your existence, and what kind of person you want to be, that is your essence, such as a hero. Unless you really become a hero through action, you are still a student, so existence comes before essence.
In other words, once the essence of a thing is spoken, it must exist first. How can we talk about the essence without it?
My own understanding is that for people, there is "existence" first, and then "essence" is shaped in constant "choice"; Emphasize the importance of "choice", that is, "we choose, in which we define our resources".