Starting with a clear meaning,
Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night is a five-character poem written by Du Fu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. It was written by Du Fu in the spring of the second year of Shang Dynasty (76 1). At that time, the poet lived in the thatched cottage beside Huanhua River in the western suburbs of Chengdu and lived a relatively peaceful pastoral life. The poet's mood is also quiet and leisurely.
A timely rain dripped on the Chengdu Plain at night, which made the poet very pleased, so he picked up a pen and wrote this well-known poem in one go. The original poem of Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night is as follows:
Good rain knows the season, when spring comes.
Sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently.
The wild path is dark, and the river is bright.
Look at the red and wet place, the flowers in Jinguancheng are heavy.
The poem entitled "Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night" not only shows the season and time of the poem, but also shows the poet's feelings. "Xi" in the title of the poem is the poet's joy at the timely arrival of the spring rain. The word "Xi" is a key word to express emotion, create poetic context and guide the theme of poetry. The whole poem revolves around the poet's joy in the spring rain and is imagined on the basis of the spring rain.
In the first couplet of his poem, the poet could not restrain his joy. From the beginning, he affirmed the timely arrival of the spring rain and praised it from the heart.
The poem begins with a "good" word, praising the spring rain. Why is it good? Because it is a timely rain. Here is the personification of rain, in which the word "knowledge" is used vividly, and it simply gives life to rain.
Because spring is the season when everything grows, a timely spring rain can moisten plants, especially for the growth of crops in the field. Therefore, the poet is particularly excited in the face of this timely rain.
The softness and fineness of spring rain written by Zhuan Xu is the poet's further description of this timely rain. These two poems not only show that spring rain is a drizzle with the wind, but also show that spring rain is intended to nourish the growth of all things. This is a timely rain. These two sentences also indicate the whereabouts of the spring rain and the role of the spring rain. Between the lines, the poet's joy is everywhere.
This exultation continued and strengthened the poet's emotional melody in the first couplet, and these two sentences also played a connecting role in the composition and writing of the whole poem.
These two sentences describe the form and harmony of spring rain in detail. If a word is used to describe the spring rain in Du Fu's works, "tangible silence" is appropriate and accurate.
Necklace is a poet's description of rainy night scenery from a visual perspective. The poet looked around: only the ship was brightly lit, and even the river was invisible, and the path was unknown. The sky is full of dark clouds, and the ground is as black as the clouds in the sky. In addition, even the river can't be seen, and the path is unknown. The sky is covered with dark clouds and the ground is as black as clouds. It looks as if it will rain until dawn.
These two sentences describe the beautiful scene on a rainy night. "Black" and "bright" set each other off into interest, which not only points out the thick clouds and rain, but also gives people a strong sense of beauty. "The river boat is full of fire" is the poet's close-up of fishing fire. The fishing fire is in sharp contrast with the night, one bright and one dark, and the contrast is strong, highlighting the darkness of the night.
In the neck couplets, the poet outlined the scene of rainy night through the contrast between the light and shade of night and fishing fire. Under the gloomy black rain clouds, only a little fishing fire on the river boat is bright. This is the poet's feeling of hope and expectation for this spring rain. The poetic image of the necklace couplet also sets off and paves the way for the sublimation of the poet's emotion and poetic progress in the necklace couplet.
The tail couplet is the scene of Jinguan City imagined by the poet, and Jinguan City is another name of Chengdu. The poet closely followed the joyful artistic conception of the poem "Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night" and wrote an imaginary moving scene of Jinguan City in the early morning after the rain.
In the poet's imagination, the spring of Jinguan City is bright and colorful, and the poet vividly shows the beautiful and charming scenery of Jinguan City after the spring rain and the poet's happy mood through imagination.
In the poet's imagination, the new look of Jinguan City is due to the spring rain in the season. The poet expressed his praise for the spring rain in the couplet, which is the sublimation of the poet's joy in the spring rain. At this time, poetry is closely connected with the theme, and the scenery is intertwined and harmonious.
The reason why the poet wrote "spend a lot of money to close the city" in the couplet is determined by the artistic conception of the whole poem. Especially in the couplets, the poet began to imagine that he couldn't wait to walk into Jinguancheng in the morning after the spring rain to see the posture of flowers moistened by the spring rain.
"Flowers attach importance to Jinguan City" is actually an imaginary picture in the poet's mind: the poet looks forward to Jinguan City, and he sees that the petals moistened by the spring rain are more delicate, and Jinguan City has become a world of flowers, a sea of flowers, and Jinguan City is "icing on the cake" because of its delicate flowers.
Jinguancheng, decorated with delicate and charming flowers, is a brand-new and vibrant scene. At this point, the poet's love for rain pushed the joyful atmosphere of the whole poem to a climax.
"Red and wet" refers to the color of flowers moistened by spring rain, which shows the characteristics of more bright and delicate flowers. "Flower weight" is a gesture to describe the petals, because the petals are wet by the spring rain, and the petals are stained with rain, which makes them fuller, thicker and more delicate.
Why did the poet write about the flowers in Jinguan City after the spring rain? Only by grasping the basic aesthetic characteristics of the poet's five-character law can we understand the meaning of the word "flower weight" used by the poet.
This is the rendering of the poet's emotion, and the word "flower weight" constitutes the visual cognition and the overall artistic conception of poetry through layer upon layer superposition. For example, this is like the overall layout of traditional landscape paintings in China, which includes both the overall layout and local detailed descriptions. The word "flower weight" just reflects the artistry of this creation.
Du Fu's "Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night" was written in Chu Qing, from a rainy night on a river boat until dawn. The first couplet is the poet's praise for this timely rain; Zhuan Xu is a poet's detailed description of the form of spring rain; Tie is a rainy night scene written by the poet in perspective; Couplets are the poet's imagination, and the poet highlights the joy of this spring rain on the grounds of showing the Jinguan City under the flowers after the rain.
Du Fu's poem "Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night" shows the poet's joy everywhere except the title. It can also be seen that Du Fu's joy in "moistening things silently" in the spring rain is naturally a noble feeling from the heart.