Oscar Wilde is one of the greatest English writers in19th century. He is famous for his plays, poems, fairy tales and novels. He is one of the most famous playwrights in contemporary Britain. Wilde is full of extraordinary confidence and talent. Although he was poor in his later years, his artistic achievements still made him a world classic artist. His fairy tales have also won the favor of readers, and Wilde is therefore known as the "prince of fairy tales". He wrote nine fairy tales, which were included in two collections: Happy Prince and Other Stories (1888) and Pomegranate House (189 1). [ 1]
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Oscar Wilde, whose full name is Oscar Finger O 'Flaherty Wells Wilde, is an advocate of the British aestheticism art movement, a famous British writer, poet, dramatist, artist and fairy tale writer. Elegance magazine compared him with Andersen. There are only nine fairy tales in his life, but each one is a classic. His works were selected into junior high school Chinese textbooks.
Oscar Wilde was born into an outstanding family in Dublin, Ireland.
Oscar Wilde (18)
The second son. His father William Wilde is a surgeon and his mother is a poet and writer.
Wilde showed great talent from an early age. He is proficient in French, German and Latin.
After graduating from Trinity College in Dublin, Wilde won a full literary scholarship and entered Magdalen College in Oxford University on 1874. In Oxford, Wilde was influenced by the aesthetic thoughts of walter pater and john ross King, and was exposed to the works of Neo-Hegelian philosophy, Darwin's theory of evolution and Pre-Raphael school, which set the direction for him to become a pioneer writer of aestheticism.
After the publication of his first book of poems, he began to emerge in the literary world and came to London for development. Although the young Wilde has never won a literary prize, he is famous in London society for his striking clothes, witty remarks and maverick, and some magazines even published articles satirizing him.
He is an advocate of the British aestheticism movement, and a British genius who is as famous as Bernard Shaw in the19th century. He wrote nine fairy tales in his life, but each one is the essence. His fairy tales can be compared with Andersen's fairy tales and Grimm's fairy tales, including stories such as Happy Prince, Pomegranate House (also known as Pomegranate House), and the most famous fairy tale is Giant's Garden. Yes, it's not fairy tales or short stories that best reflect Wilde's talent, but novels like Dorian Gray, and dramatic works like Mrs. Windermere's Fan and Salome. Their dramatic works can be called the swan song of the moment.
1882, Wilde gave a wonderful lecture tour in America. Two years later, he fell in love with constance Lloyd and got married. His two sons Cyril and Vivian were born in 1885 and 1886 respectively.
1887, Wilde became the executive editor of a women's magazine called "Women's World" (originally named "Women's World", but Wilde changed his name because of vulgarity), and published some of his novels, comments and poems in the magazine. Wilde's works are famous for their colorful words, novel ideas and distinctive views. His first novel The Portrait of Dorian Gray was published in 189 1. The opportunity of novel creation was that Wilde visited a famous old painter one day. The male model of the painter was very young and beautiful, so Wilde could not help but sigh: "It's a pity that such a beautiful creature will still age one day." The painter replied, "Yes, as long as it can be replaced by him in the painting." Later, Wilde wrote the novel The Portrait of Dorian Gray. In order to thank the painter, Wilde named the painter in the novel after him.
Later, he published the essay "The Soul of a Socialist", both of which were very successful, but it was his plays that really won Wilde a reputation. It can be said that each of his plays has been warmly welcomed. At one time, three of his plays were staged in London at the same time. His well-produced play is called the best comedy since Xie Lidan's Gossip College.
Douglas (left) and his brother.
Products.
1895, the Marquis of queensberry discovered his Lord Alfred Douglas; ; Nicknamed "Bosie") sued Wilde for four years and posted a note at Wilde's celebrity club: "Go to the Oscar? Wilde-a pretentious sodomite. " Publicly reprimanded Wilde as a masculine "sodomite" (the word "homosexuality" was not born at that time). This accusation made Wilde immediately write to his good friend Ross.
Marquis Queensbury, a tyrannical father, argued with Douglas for a long time. Angry Alfred Douglas told Wilde to appeal immediately, accusing Marquis of damaging his reputation. As a result, Wilde's appeal failed, and he was accused of "committing serious indecency with other men". The jury believed that all the actions of Marquis queensberry were aimed at saving his son from an evil relationship, and such a father should obviously be innocent. When the lawsuit escalated, Carson, a lawyer invited by Ross for Wilde, went to Charles Humphreys to defend Wilde.
The trial was held in London Crown Court. Wilde's lawyer asked Wilde that night. If Douglas could not be summoned to testify in court, Wilde could not win the case, so he asked Wilde to allow him to apply to the court for withdrawal. However, based on some idea of protecting Douglas, Wilde refused to let him appear in court and said that his father was suffering. Wilde wrote to the Evening News: "If I want to prove my innocence, I can't win the lawsuit unless Percy (Douglas's nickname) testifies in court and confronts his father. Percy really wants to testify, but I won't let him. I didn't make him so miserable, but decided to withdraw the lawsuit, quit the case, and bear the shame and insult brought by this lawsuit alone. " [2]
After the appeal failed, the court ordered the arrest of Wilde on charges of sodomy (homosexuality) and gross indecency. Oscar Wilde's best friend
Beautiful boy Alfred Douglas (Posey)
Ross advised him to flee to France at once, but Wilde said it was "too late". 1On April 26th, 895, the prosecution against Wilde began, and Wilde insisted that he was innocent. Previously, Wilde asked Posey to leave London for Paris, but Posey refused and wanted to provide evidence, but Posey still left England. Wilde confronted the court and asked him, "What is love that dares not say its name?" Oscar Wilde replied, "Love that dares not name is the great love of older men to younger men in this century, just like the love between David and Jonathan, just like Plato's philosophy, just like the love you found in Michelangelo and Shakespeare's sonnets. This is the love in my heart, as pure as perfection. It dominates and permeates great art, such as Michelangelo's and Shakespeare's, and my two letters. This love has been misunderstood in this century, so that it may be described as "love that dare not name", and because of this misunderstanding, I am standing here now. This kind of love is beautiful, exquisite and the noblest form of love. This is not unusual at all. It is intelligent, and it circulates between the old and the young. As long as the old are wise, the young will see all the happiness, hope and charm in life. That this love should be like this, but the world can't understand it. The world laughs at it, and sometimes it makes people in love become the laughing stock of everyone. "
Of course, this statement has not been recognized by the court. On May 25th of the same year, Wilde was convicted and forced to serve two years' hard labor in Reading and Bentonville prisons, according to the then harsh amendment to the British criminal law 1 1. In the past two years, Wilde stopped his drama creation and wrote a poem "Song of Reading Prison" and a collection of letters in prison. In these two works, his style has changed, and it is difficult to find the influence of aestheticism. During Wilde's imprisonment, his wife, constance, thought Wilde had betrayed herself and would take his two children to Holland and move to Italy, but his friends in the social and literary circles avoided him. Only a few people, such as playwright Bernard Shaw, still support him.
Wilde's Tomb (12)
In The Book of Prison, Wilde wrote his anger at Douglas, saying that he had such extraordinary talent given by God, but Douglas destroyed him and ended up with such a shameful ending. He made it clear that he didn't want to see Douglas again. He thought Douglas had a bad influence and decided to draw a line with him. Wilde Toros asked Douglas for gifts and letters, but Douglas refused. Douglas said, "If Oscar wants me to kill myself, I will do it, and then he can get his letter back after I die." Douglas asked Eddie to send a message to Wilde: "Tell him that I know I ruined his life and it's all my fault. If he is so satisfied, I don't care. " Oscar Wilde described his selfish and wayward little lover Douglas in this way: "His petal-like lips are so magical that he can kiss madly and sing beautiful poems, and his limbs are so slender and beautiful." He also said angrily, "I can't accept these terrible (sharp) words coming from your mouth."
After 1897 was released, Wilde went to Paris, right?
Wilde
He is very disappointed in England and no longer has the slightest nostalgia. For the sake of his two children, he tried to get back together with constance, but Alfred Douglas took the initiative to meet him and said that he wanted to get back together with Wilde, who chose Douglas. When he lived in France under a false name, he finished and published Reading Prison Songs. 1898, Wilde and Douglas traveled together in Italy, but finally broke up. The two people who are back together are not as good as they used to be. After Wilde was released from prison, the scenery was gone, and Douglas began to understand that Wilde was no longer the successful man who was married and admired by everyone. Although they once loved each other and chatted far and wide together, the vain and willful Douglas said to Wilde earlier: "If you are no longer the high-flying Wilde, everything will no longer be interesting."
1900, Wilde finally converted to Catholicism with the help of his good friend and former same-sex lover Robert Robbie Ross (Ross was Wilde's first same-sex lover, and Wilde claimed that it was because of Ross's temptation that he embarked on the road of homosexuality. At that time, Ross 17 years old and Wilde was 32 years old. Although Wilde later fell in love with Douglas, Ross loved Wilde for many years and helped him. The ashes after Ross's death were buried with Wilde according to his wishes. In the same year1October 30th, he died of meningitis at the Alsace Hotel in Paris, 165438, at the age of 46. Only Ross and another friend were with him when he died. Wilde's cemetery in Paris was carved into a small sphinx according to the image in his poetry collection "The Sphinx". At the end of the 20th century, after being smeared for nearly a century, Britain finally gave Wilde the honour of standing as a statue. 1October 30th, the statue of Wilde, sculpted by Maggie hamlin, was unveiled in Adelaide Street near Trafalgar Square in London. The name of the statue is "Dialogue with Oscar Wilde", and it is engraved with a quotation often quoted by Wilde: "We are all in the sewer, but there are still people looking up at the stars." We are all in the gutter, but some people are looking up at the stars. )