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This is a poem by Li Yannian, a court musician in the Han Dynasty, from Song of Li Yannian. This poem praises a unique beauty in simple and monotonous language. The whole poem generally adopts five-character style, with exaggerated language, sincere feelings, simplicity but not complexity, and the combination of reality and reality, reflecting a natural and frank beauty.
original work
Li Yannian Song
Li Han Yannian
There are beautiful women in the north, and they are peerless and independent.
Take care of the city first, then the country.
It's best not to know the whole city and country? Beauty is hard to get again. ?
Sentence annotation
(1) peerless: peerless at that time, chinese odyssey.
Look. Pour people into the city: let the soldiers lay down their weapons and the wall will fall down. Tao Yuanming's Leisure Fu: "Show the beauty of the whole city, the rumor of Desheng."
(3) dumping the country: destroying the country. Originally refers to the death of the country because of women, and later describes women as extremely beautiful.
I don't know: I don't know. ?
Translation of works
There is a beauty in the north, whose appearance is unparalleled in the world. Her refined nature is extraordinary, she disdains to associate with other women, has no confidant, and is a loner.
As long as she looks at the foot soldiers guarding the city, she can make the wall fall; If you make eyes at the king again, the country will be devastated.
But even if you are beautiful, don't lose the chance to get a beautiful woman-after all, a beautiful woman is a once-in-a-lifetime thing!
Creation background
Li Yannian Song was included in Miscellaneous Ballads by Guo Maoqian's Yuefu Poetry Collection. According to the biography of consorts in Hanshu, Li Yannian sang this poem at a palace banquet. Hearing this, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty could not help sighing: How can there be such a beautiful woman in the world? Princess Pingyang, the sister of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, recommended Li Yannian's sister. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty called for a look, and it was really beautiful and good at dancing. From then on, Li Yannian's sister became the favorite of Li Furen, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty. ?
works appreciation
Among the many concubines favored by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the most memorable one is Li Furen, who is beautiful and good at dancing. Fortunately for Li Furen, it depends on her brother Li Yannian's beautiful song, which is famous for moving the capital. This short poem can make talents like Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty moved by it and immediately give birth to yearning for Iraqis, which shows that this poem really has extraordinary charm.
First, the language is exaggerated and the propaganda is desirable. The poet praised chinese odyssey, a beautiful woman, so beautiful that one look at her will topple the city-state, and another look at the country will perish. The theory of "beauty subjugates the country" was first seen in the Book of Songs: "A philosopher makes a city, and a philosopher makes a woman a city", saying that men have talent to build a country and women have talent to subjugate the country, aiming at satirizing Zhou Youwang's luck and beauty. Since then, "the whole city" and "the whole country" have become synonymous with stunning beauty. In Song of Li Yannian, the poet exaggerates and alarmists, but it is not to show the king or learn from the past, but to do the opposite, to show the beauty of a beautiful woman with its great charm, thus arousing the king's thinking about beauty.
Second, the feelings are sincere and sincere, overflowing with poems. The poem "Song of Li Yannian" is sincere except that "its words are blurted out without makeup". The beautiful woman that Li Yannian sang is her own sister. Whether out of deep love for her sister and hope for a brilliant future, or out of self-interest, the praise expressed in her poems is eager. In just a few poems, the words "the whole city" and "the whole country" appear twice, and the recommendation is very clear. Let's talk about this beauty first, then talk about the amazing charm of the beauty, and then earnestly plead with the king: don't you know that this beautiful woman with good looks is hard to come by once she misses it! The intention and fervent feelings of boxing were fully expressed in one chant and three sighs, which produced a fresh appeal and touched the heartstrings of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.
Third, simplicity is better than complexity, virtual reality. Chinese painting takes ink as its color, with few colors. But this single ink color can change colorful colors in the connoisseur's mind. Like Qi Baishi's paintings, there are many blanks, but blanks can make people imagine infinite richness. "Song of Li Yannian" only praises the beauty without making a specific description, which is bound to make the image of the beauty a mysterious and attractive blank, thus arousing the poet's longing, imagination and yearning for her. At that time, the image of the first beauty in the world would be conjured up in the mind of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Poetry readers in later generations can imagine the stunning beauty in their hearts according to their own aesthetic ideals, historical knowledge and unique psychological quality. In ancient Chinese poems praising beautiful women, there are many detailed sentences, such as "be soft, skin coagulated" and so on. At the same time, there are many excellent articles that win by profiling. For example, in The Book of Songs Nan Zhou Guanluo, the description of a woman's appearance is only one sentence, "My Fair Lady, Gentleman's Delightfulness", and the man's bitter yearning for her, passionate pursuit and joy after the combination are strongly colored, thus showing the beauty and loveliness of a woman. Obviously, Song of Li Yannian was also won by this artistic technique.
It is also worth noting that this poem adopts a generally neat five-character style (the third sentence "I'd rather not know" can actually be deleted). At that time, this style was only popular in folk songs and ballads. Li Yannian introduced it to the upper house with a beautiful and moving "new change of voice". This undoubtedly played a catalytic role in the germination and growth of literati's five-character poems in Han Dynasty. ?
Famous comments
Pan Xiaolong, executive director of China Book of Songs Society: This song shows the beauty of beautiful women. Different from Feng Wei Shuo Ren, it is famous for its vivid metaphors and vivid portraits, but it shows its own characteristics with amazing exaggeration and contrast. In the way of expression, it is closer to Song Yu's Ode to a Disciple. If there is any difference between the two, it is that this song, while using exaggeration and contrast, firmly grasps the subtle psychology that people often have "fear" but can "conceive", "be difficult" and "seek more", and finally has an unusual effect and touches the heartstrings of a generation of heroes. This is its artistic charm. ?
Brief introduction of the author
Li Yannian, an outstanding musician in Han Dynasty, was born in Zhongshan (now Dingxian County, Hebei Province), and his parents and brothers were musicians. At first, he broke the law, was punished by corruption, and was imprisoned. Later, because his sister Li Furen was loved by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, she was pardoned and loved, and was later killed. He is good at singing and dancing, and is good at creating new voices. He composed music for the 19th chapter of Song of Sacrifice to the Han Suburb, copied Zhang Qian's Huqu Mahadule and made 28 interpretations of new sounds, which were used in the army and called "cross-blowing songs". This poem is the only one left today, and it is contained in "The Story of the consorts in Han Dynasty, Mrs. Li Xiaowu".
The idiom "Love the country"
Pinyin q and ng guó q and ng ché ng
Unscramble tilt: flip; City: country. Originally refers to the death of the country because of women. Later, women were described as extremely beautiful.
The source of "Poetic Prose": "Philosophers become the city, and philosophers are the city." Biography of Han Shu's consorts: "There are beautiful women in the north, and they are peerless and independent. They care about the city and then the country. "
For example, make a sentence that is too real for a princess to fall in love with her country. ★ The First Fold of Bai Yuan Pu's Wu Tongyu
Pinyin code qgqc
Synonyms are beautiful, beautiful and hibiscus.
Antonyms are extremely ugly.
Used as predicate and attribute; Used of women.
English is very beautiful.
During the Han Dynasty, Zhongshan Li's three brothers and sisters went to Chang 'an, the capital, and entered Yuefu Palace with Li Yannian. He recommended to Emperor Wu that his sister was a peerless beauty. As soon as she saw the city, she would care about the country. Emperor Wu was very happy. He summoned Li Yannian's sister, married her, and gave birth to Liu He, the king of Changyi. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty liked this stunning beauty very much.