Wang Wei
Sitting alone is sad and white, and the autumn night sky is nearly two more.
Wild fruits in the mountains fall in the autumn rain, and insects on the grass whisper to the lights.
The white hair on the head is always difficult to turn black, and there is no panacea in alchemy.
To know how to get rid of senility, only learning Buddhism can't be destroyed.
Wang Wei worships Buddha in middle age, and his poems are full of Zen. The title of this poem is Sitting Alone in Autumn Night, just like a monk sitting in meditation. However, it is written in the poem that when people are old, they have a deep feeling about life, denounce the vanity of the gods, and realize the true meaning of Buddha nature. It is a Zen philosophical work of the poet's self-expression, which is not desirable in reason, but it is more true, subtle and lifelike in artistic expression and has always been appreciated by people.
The first two couplets are about meditation and sadness. It was a rainy night in autumn, and it was even more lonely. The poet sat alone in the empty hall, lost in thought. This situation seems to be Buddhist meditation, but the poet is trapped in the sorrow of life. He saw that his temples were gray, and he was old and could not live forever; It's two shifts this night, and time will fade away bit by bit, so it's impossible to keep it. In this way, a person dies of old age in the relentless passage of time. This cold fact made him feel powerless and fell into deep sorrow. At this moment, in this case, he feels more and more lonely and empty, and needs sympathy and encouragement, and needs encouragement and induction. However, apart from the poet himself, there are only lights and candles in the class, and the rain can be heard outside. So he thought of the mature wild fruits in the mountains from the sound of rain, as if he saw them being destroyed by autumn rain; Encouraged by candlelight, I noticed that insects singing in the grass were also hiding in the main room on autumn nights. The poet's meditation turned from life to the survival of plants and insects. Although he is different and sympathetic, he feels even more sad. He found that ignorant plants and insects, like knowledgeable people, groaned in the relentless passage of time and years. Inspired by this, the poet thought he was awake.
The second pair of couplets is about enlightenment and learning Buddhism. The poet realized that everything is born and dies, nature is eternal, and people and everything are short-lived. People, from birth to old age, cannot be changed. The poet thinks of Taoism, which preaches immortality from his aging sadness. The poet lamented that "gold is not enough", that is, he denied the magic of immortals and pointed out the illusion of taking medicine to pray for immortality. He believes that only by believing in Buddhism can we fundamentally eliminate the sorrow of life and alleviate the pain of birth, illness and death. Buddhism advocates silence and requires people to clear secular desires from their minds, which means "no life". If so, of course, not only will the pain of old diseases be eradicated, but all the pain in life will not be felt again. It is in this sense that the poet converted to Buddhism.
The whole poem is about a process of ideological consciousness, that is, meditation. From emotion to reason, reason with emotion. The first half of the poem expresses the poet's thoughtful and sad expression and artistic conception, with vivid image, true feelings, implication and significance, which is quite outstanding in art; The second half is purely preaching, inductive reasoning, boring and obvious defects.