At the beginning, Zhang Heng wrote "The Ode to the Feeling" and Cai Yong wrote "The Ode to the Feeling". He lived in seclusion, and at first he thought about it, but he was always idle. It will be helpful to satirize and remonstrate with the evil heart of restraining the flow. The man who wrote the essay is the successor of the game; And because of the analogy, it is widely used. Yu Yuan-lu has more leisure time, so he can dye John again. Although the text is not wonderful enough, it does not confuse the author's meaning!
how can a husband make himself comfortable? He stands out from the rest of the world to show off his group. Showing the beauty of the whole city, it is better to have virtue than rumors. Pei Mingyu is better than Jie, and Qi Youlan is competing for Fen; Light tenderness is in the vulgar, and negative ambition is in the high clouds. Sad about the easy evening of the morning, feeling the long diligence of life; The same as in a hundred years, He Huan is widowed and melancholy! Wan Zhu is sitting, and he is full of self-satisfaction. Sending fingers is good, and the sleeves are colorful; Instantly, the beautiful eyes are flowing, and they talk and laugh without distinction. The tune will be half, and the scene will fall to Xixuan; Sad businessmen knock on the forest, and white clouds depend on the mountains. Looking up at the heavenly road, leaning down to promote the string; Charming in spirit and elegant in manner.
I'd like to pick up my knee to talk to you. I want to swear by myself, and I am afraid of taking the ceremony. Wait for the phoenix bird to make a speech, lest others get ahead of me. Confused and frustrated, the soul moved nine times in an instant. I am willing to be the leader in clothes, and I will be the first in China. Sad for the night away from Luo Jin, complaining about the unfinished autumn night. I am willing to take the belt in the petticoat and bind my slim body; It's cool and strange, or it's new to take off. I am willing to be proud of my hair and brush my head on my shoulders; The repeated bathing of a sad beauty is fried from white water. I am willing to be beautiful in my eyebrows, and I will be idle with my eyes; Sad fat powder is still fresh, or it is ruined by Chinese makeup. I am willing to be a seat in Dongguan, and I am weak in Sanqiu; Sadly, Wen Yin takes the place of Yu, and only after years can you see it. I am willing to walk on silk, and the attachment is enough to deal with it; Sadness is restrained, and the empty Committee is abandoned in front of the bed. I am willing to be a shadow in the daytime, always following the shape and facing the west; There are many shades of sad trees, and the generosity varies from time to time. May it be a candle at night, and let the jade shine on the two trees; Sad to help the mulberry, the light is bright, and the election is hidden. I am willing to be a fan in bamboo, with sorrow in soft grip; The morning of sorrow and white dew is zero, and the sleeves are covered with Myanmar. I wish to be a tung in wood and a piano on my knee; Sadness and joy come with sorrow, and finally push me to stop.
if you want to take an exam, you will go against it, and you will make painstaking efforts. Embrace labor feelings without complaining, step by step with Nanlin. The remains of Mulan are exposed, and the pines are overcast; When you walk, you have to worry about it. I was lonely and didn't see it, and I wanted to find it in the air alone. Gather the light to return to the road, sighing at the sunset; Step by step to forget the fun, the color is miserable and sad. Ye Xie Xie to strip, qi sad and cold; The shadow of the sun disappears, and the moon shines in the clouds. Birds wail and return alone, while beasts occasionally don't return; Mourning the evening of that year, I hate my desire to be old. Thinking of dreams at night is to follow them, and God is restless; If you rely on the loss of the boat, you will not climb the cliff. At that time, it was full of Yingxuan, and the north wind was sad; Insomnia, wandering thoughts. Take a photo to wait for the morning, and the frost is in the plain order. The chicken gathers its wings without singing, and the flute flows far away to mourn; At the beginning, it is wonderful and dense, and at the end, it is bright and hidden. Mrs. Italy is here, asking the clouds to send her arms; Clouds die without words, but when they are elected, they pass by. I am diligent in thinking about myself, and I will eventually block the mountain and stagnate the river; Welcome the breeze to get rid of fatigue, and send weakness to return to the waves. Especially "Creeping Grass" is a meeting, reciting the remaining songs of "Shaonan". Take care to be honest, and rest on the eight distant feelings.
[note] Xuan: same as "rose". Xuanyi: Wonderful and outstanding. Outstanding: transcendent. Xiuqun: Supergroup. Allure: Han Li Yannian's song: "There are beautiful women in the north, who are peerless and independent. Take care of the city and then the country. " This refers to beauty. Chang Qin: There are always many hardships and hard work. Wan: Same as "Wan", open it. Pan: playing. Self-satisfaction: self-entertainment. Sad Quotient: Quotient is one of the five tones, with a piercing tone. This refers to the sound of autumn wind. I: negligence. Nine moves: repeated moves. Nine, many meanings. Dai: Blue-black pigment was used by ancient women to decorate their eyebrows. Idle: refined and elegant. Wan: A mat woven with cattail. Wen Yin: A patterned leather mattress. Royal: use it. Fusang: According to legend, the place of sunrise refers to the sun. Myanmar Miao: Far away. Deed: the same as "width", hard appearance. Ok, ok, ok, ok. A meeting. Midrib: in your arms. Worry: worry. Xie Xie: The sound of leaves falling. Bi Chang Ying Xuan: The windows are full of stars. Bi and Chang (m? o Mao): All the stars are named. : with "jiong", look uneasy. Hide and destroy: I still destroy Tibet, and my mood is affected. Yan Ran: Delayed relocation. You: blame and disagree. Creep: The Book of Songs, Zheng Feng, has a chapter "Wild Creep", which describes the fate of men and women. Shaonan: It is one of the fifteen national styles with Zhaonan and Poetry. The rest of the so-called "Shaonan" songs include "Walking Dew", "Grass Worm" and "There are dead birds in the wild", all of which are about private meetings between men and women.
This is a lyrical chapter on writing annals, which is full of vigor and vitality, profound purport, and rich in literature and emotion. It was written during the period when the author Peng Ze retired as an official. There are always different opinions about the theme and function of this fu, and there are different opinions about it. In the preface of Tao Yuanming's Collection, Xiao Tong pointed out: "The person with slight defects in white jade is only in a poem entitled Leisure." Su Shi compared it with Qu Yuan's and Song Yuzhi's works, and criticized Xiao Tongyun in Selected Works of Inscriptions: "The so-called' national style is lewd but not lewd' in Yuan Ming's Leisure Fu, which is not as good as Nan Zhou's. What's the difference between it and Qu Song's? However, the United States ridiculed it. This is a child's forced solution. " The comments of later generations, such as Li Ye in Yuan Dynasty, Guo Zizhang and Zhang Zilie in Ming Dynasty, Qiu Jiasui, Fang Dongshu and Guang Liu in Qing Dynasty, were mostly extended and developed by Zhao Ming and Dongpo. To sum up, it is nothing more than "love" and "sustenance" (irony). As far as "sustenance" is concerned, Guang Liu said: "Being in troubled times, I am willing to be poor, and the cover of Zongguo is unbearable, but there is nothing to do with it, so I entrust it as leisure. The words he assigned are thought to be the pursuit of Tao by scholars and the love of the loyal subjects, that is, it is also thought that it is not necessary to grieve for one's life experience and think about the emperor Ming Wang "("Notes on Tao Yuanming's Leisure in Yanxia Caotang "), which is more flexible. As a matter of fact, the author's preface to this fu has already begun. The so-called inheritance of Zhang Heng's "Fixed Love" and Cai Yong's "Quiet Love" will "help to satirize and admonish with the evil heart of restraining the flow." It can be seen that confessions from topics, inheritance relationships and fu all have the meaning of preventing leisure love from flowing down. However, the author's preface states that "Yu Yuanlv has more leisure, so he can do it again", which reveals two things: First, Yuan Lv has more leisure, so why "leisure"? This must be obtained from the author's life experience and mentality. Second, writing a poem with rich words and prose, so as to persuade people to satirize one thing. The contradiction between the objective description effect and the subjective creation motivation is not only common in writing a poem, but also shows the mystery of the author's writing a contradictory heart song in a false style. Throughout his life, Mr. Kao Tao lived in the late Jin Dynasty and early Song Dynasty, with social unrest, feuding between powerful and powerful people, hardship for the people, and a muddled world. As a member of the gentry, he not only wants to study and stand tall, but also excels in different customs. It is inevitable to strive for progress in order to safeguard its own interests. So he was an official at the age of twenty-nine, thirty-five and forty-one, first in the Jin Dynasty, second in Huan Xuan and then in Emperor Wu of Song. The contradiction between his official career and his seclusion has been winding around his mind for a long time, which makes him often fall into an unavoidable situation when he seeks liberation. Leisure Fu can be described as an artistic portrayal of this contradictory mentality. In other words, Peng Ze, the author, came back to bind his bohemian feelings, fearing that his will would be weak and it would be difficult to "clean his whole body", and he often warned himself to "keep his promise"; However, the "feeling" of "leisure" is not all like the "evil heart of flowing down" mentioned in the preface, on the contrary, it is full of the meaning of seeking up and down. This is precisely the value of the interest beyond the purpose of the whole assignment.
the full text is divided into three paragraphs. The first paragraph first personifies and visualizes emotions and describes a woman with gorgeous appearance, noble conduct, rich emotions and elegant manners. Her charm, tenderness, virtue and ambition are not only the author's self-metaphor, but also her beautiful pursuit and yearning. However, in the turbid officialdom, a person compares himself to white jade and orchid, but he will be ridiculed by reality. The initial germination of the author's emotion has not yet been self-defensive, and it has been objectively suppressed. The sadness of Qu Yuan's ambition of "only looking at the infinity of heaven and earth, lamenting the long diligence of life" and the melancholy of the author's "looking at the clouds and ashamed to swim in the water" (Qu A Zuo, a classic of starting a town army to join the army) undoubtedly show that "talent does not hide from the world" in Leisure Fu (. Therefore, although the author is concerned about "taking the gift as a gift" when pursuing, he is even more afraid of "waiting for the phoenix bird to make a speech, fearing that others will get ahead of me", thus missing the opportunity. This made him "confused and frustrated, and his soul moved for a moment." This pursuit of wandering images and wandering souls is condensed into a wonderful pen of full fu, that is, the description of "ten wishes" in the second paragraph of "I wish to be the leader in clothes" Here, the "ten wishes" (ten metaphors) are no less than ten kinds of pursuits, which run through passionate feelings and present uneven opportunities. Every pursuit is born with the word "wish", and it has its own image, showing the firmness, euphemism and forbearance of love; However, every word "wish" ends with the word "sadness", which shows exactly the feelings of bumpy life and hard-to-pay ambition. Although the feelings inspired by reality and the reality reflected by psychology have plunged the author into official tragedy, "if there is a line in his conduct, he is afraid of his heart", as long as there is a glimmer of hope, he still needs to seek. Only when all hopes were dashed, did the author feel "cold with sadness" and "lonely with sadness of birds". Looking back on the past, he felt both colorful and desolate. In this confusion of "sleeplessness, lingering thoughts" and "uncomfortable words", the third paragraph leads to the end of the whole fu with the meaning of taking the initiative to prevent leisure. In art, the last stage is bleak and indifferent, carefree and elegant, with its own mind; However, ideologically, although this is the author's main point, he wants to sum up his unrestrained feelings by it, but only makes people feel that the author is still trapped between wanting to be free and being unable to get rid of it. If we only confirm the preaching of "the music is elegant at the end" according to this, we can't face up to the dialectical relationship between leisure and emotion; If the pure "love" theory is established according to the author's rendering of love, it is also good for the author to treat the heart music.
Love and leisure are two themes in the art of poetry and fu. Zheng and Wei in The Book of Songs have set a precedent for the description of love, but through the description of love between man and god in Jiuge and Lisao in The Songs of the South, Song Yu created love theme fu such as Gaotang and Goddess earlier. Since the Han and Wei Dynasties, although love poems such as Sima Xiangru's Beauty, Cai Yong's Tsing Yi and Cao Zhi's Luo Shen have been written, the description of Zheng Wei's love in The Poems has been countered by Confucius and other Confucian schools' "Zheng Feng's fornication" in the pre-Qin period, and it is bound to extend to the creation of ci and fu, and Zhang Heng's "Make Love" In this sense, Tao Yuanming's Leisure Fu is the highest in the history of Fu with this theme. However, the artistic value of Tao Fu is not limited to the interpretation of Confucian morality, but the aesthetic realm with contemporary spirit achieved by condensing the traditions of Poetry and Sao with the image characteristics of literary creation. First of all, Tao Fuyou's Club of Creeping Grass abides by Confucius' motto "People should not stand on the wall for Nan Zhou and Zhaonan" (The Analects of Yang Huo), but at the same time, he can inherit the elegance of Poetry and express his feelings with a bold and straightforward brushwork, which is sincere and sincere. The pursuit of "beauty" and "beauty" in Fu is not only transformed into collar, belt, hair cream, eyebrows, bed mats, silk shoes, shadows, candles, fans, and musical instruments, but also used in combination with "touching Zhu Xi", "pan Qing Se", "sending fingers" and ". In this, the descriptions of Sima Xiangru and Cao Zhi's love poems are obviously infiltrated, which makes Cupid fly with beautiful wings and whirl in magical drawing. It is worth noting that the passionate feelings, fearless pursuit, vivid metaphors and symbolic descriptions in Tao Fu surpass the similar works of Han and Jin Dynasties, and are also influenced by the expressive techniques of * * *, which drives rich artistic imagination. Qu Yuan's Li Sao is a masterpiece based on fictional images. Although Tao Yuanming's life experience and circumstances are different from Qu Yuan's, there is indeed something like that. The fictional method in Leisure is derived from Li Sao, which is more obvious. For example, "Li Sao" is "only the infinity of heaven and earth, mourning the long diligence of life", and "Leisure" is "sorrowing the morning light, feeling the long diligence of life"; "Li Sao", "The Phoenix Emperor is trusted, and he is afraid of high spirits before me", and "Leisure", "Waiting for the Phoenix bird to make a speech, and fearing others before me"; Li Sao's fear of beauty's dying, Leisure's mourning for the evening of that year, and so on, have similar meanings, conveying the same mind. Li Sao, as a long poem, expresses the ideal, criticizes the reality, expresses indignation and gallops the imagination through three plots of "warning from a woman", "divination with spiritual atmosphere" and "sorcery and salt" after self-narration. Leisure, as a short essay, the author can also express his interests, ideals and morality, hiding his ideal pursuit and political frustration in ten short dreams. Here, apart from lingering tenderness and pleasant surprise, there are sighs of leaving at night, sadness of leaving the past, pain of frying, pain of destroying makeup, difficulty of asking for an interview, and resentment of abandonment ... The sadness of reality is melted into dreams, and the pain of dreams becomes a reflection of reality; And after waking up, "lonely without seeing" and "shaking in the air to find" are like smoke and fog, blurred. It is no wonder that Chen Ling, a Qing Dynasty man, lamented: "Those who have never written Sao and found it in the Notes on Songs of the South are nothing more than the emphasis on spiritual equality. They only know this fu, and although it is the same as Bi Xing, there is no language like it. They really imitate the ancient gods." ("Poetry is better than pleasure", Volume II) "Leisure Fu" adopts a romantic approach, including realistic content, with small and big, and deep affection, which is actually the crystallization of the author's good mouth.