What rhetorical devices are used in the poem River?

Japanese writer Shuntaro Tanikawa's poem River adopts personification rhetoric in the whole poem. Personify rivers, the sun, larks, etc. Individualization means personifying things and transforming things without human behavior and emotion into actions and emotions.

Original text:

River flow

mother

Why is the river laughing?

Because the sun is teasing it.

mother

Why is the river singing?

Because larks praise its waves.

mother

Why is the river cold?

Because I remembered the one that was once loved by snow.

sky

The poet described the love story between the river and the snow with beautiful words similar to fairy tales, and explained the artistic conception of the river and the deep meaning of love.