When did the moon begin to appear? I take my glass from a distance. I don't know about palaces in the sky. What year is tonight? I'm willing to ride the wind to the sky, I'm afraid I can't stand the cold for nine days in a pavilion of fine jade. Dance and enjoy the shadow of the moon, which is in the world.
The moon turned into a scarlet pavilion, hanging low on the carved window, shining on the sleepy self. The moon should not have any resentment against people. Why is it round when people are gone? People are sad and happy, and they are separated and reunited. The moon will darken or shine, and it will become round or round. Nothing is perfect, even in the past. I hope people will live for a long time and have a good scenery thousands of miles away.
This word was written by Su Dongpo when he was an official in Mizhou, Shandong Province. There is a small preface before the word: "Chen Bing Mid-Autumn Festival, full of joy, drunk writing this article, and pregnant with a child." This preface tells us that on the night of "Chen Bing Mid-Autumn Festival", he was very happy to enjoy the moon. He likes wine again, so that he was "full of joy" until dawn, and he was "drunk", so he wrote this word. So, together, the colonel expressed his feelings for the moon while drunk and sent a series of questions to the moon. The word "ba" for holding wine is a verb, which means to hold it in your hand. Su Dongpo is holding a glass in his hand at this moment, drinking, one
Pray for the moon.
The first question, "When is the bright moon", and the second question, "I don't know the heavenly palace, what year is tonight", have coherent meanings. But because it is arranged according to the tone of words, the sentence "ask for wine from heaven" must be placed in the second sentence, so these two questions are separate. "When will there be a bright moon" is not asking when there will be a bright moon; I asked how long ago the bright moon appeared. Of course, Su Dongpo doesn't really want to calculate the age of the universe since the moon came into being, but is expressing a feeling. Here reminds us of a poem by Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, called Drinking for the Moon. At the beginning, it said, "When will there be a moon in the sky? I want to stop for a drink and ask. " Su Dongpo's two sentences express the same feelings, and it can also be said that Dongpo's two sentences were born out of Li Bai. Li Bai's poem goes on to say: "White rabbit medicine, autumn recovery." Who does Chang 'e live with alone? "People don't see in Gu Yue now, but they took the ancients in this month. If the ancients were running water today, they would really see the bright moon! ..... "That is to say, people will see the moon almost from the bright moon, in fact, from humans. And since ancient times, whenever such a festival, I do not know how many people are under the bright moon. Today, I am enjoying the moon here and now. In the past, the ancients did not see it, but the bright moon stayed forever. Looking to the future, people in the future, like me, look back on today and still look back on the past. Taibai and Dongpo are very similar in talent, temperament, temperament, fate and so on, so when they are cups and moons, they tend to have roughly the same feelings.
When you see the bright moon, you will naturally think of the beautiful myth of the Guanghan Palace and the Jade Rabbit Chang 'e in the middle of the month. Li Bai was like this that day, and Dongpo was no exception. But Dongpo's stomach is full of stories, which seems richer than Li Taibai's imagination. He thought of Chang 'e in the moon palace. This Chang 'e, I don't know, is it true? Will it arrive? Suddenly remembered another wonderful legend. That's the plot in the Tang Dynasty novel A Journey to Zhou and Qin Dynasties. In the novel, a monk and a woman named Niu accidentally went to a place, but because they asked for the night, they unexpectedly met many ancient beauties, such as Green Pearl and Yang Guifei. The beautiful women all wrote poems, hoping that Niu Sengru would write one, so they wrote: "The fragrant wind attracts Luotian, and the moon worships the gods; * * * Road flyover is sad. I don't know what year this evening is? " This shows that the sentence in Dongpo's poem "I don't know what year it is tonight?" The origin of. Niu Senru's poem originally used the words "I will meet this lover tonight" in the Book of Songs. This doesn't mean that I forgot to look at my calendar, so I don't know what day it is tonight. Instead, it expresses the author's extremely surprised mood, just like saying: I don't know what a good day it is today, but I have such a lucky encounter! Readers must understand these connections in order to understand the true meaning of Su Dongpo's ci. His original intention is to say: I don't know what a beautiful day it is at Yuefu Palace Que tonight, which makes the world have such a beautiful scene and such joy!
Because of this, Dongpo went on to say, can I "go home by the wind" and go to Yuefu like "the fragrant wind attracts Luotian"? How beautiful and interesting! But he suddenly hesitated: Go to the Moon Palace, it's too high. I am enjoying the moon on the ground, and it is still chilly after midnight. I don't know how cold it will be if I get to the Moon Palace! So don't go, just play on the ground. "Victory" should be whispered, and "invincible" means unbearable. There is a "Golden Que in Qionglou" in the moon, which is also because Dongpo changed the word "jade" in the novel Youyang Miscellanies in the Tang Dynasty, which can better show the bright and bright state of the moon.
But Su Dongpo is not "willing", and he continues to imagine boldly. Since the Tang Dynasty, people have always said that under the big osmanthus tree in the Moon Palace, there are many Su E fairies, dressed in exquisite clothes, dancing on the White Peak. He thought: you are dancing in that wonderful fairyland, and you are dancing with us mortals because you appreciate the moonlight. I wonder what the difference is. This is the meaning of the last two sentences in the first half of the word. It should be noted that the word "like what" in ancient Chinese generally compares the meaning of two things and should not be understood as the meaning of "like where". What is heaven like on earth? In other words, if we talk about heaven, we don't know how it compares with the earth. It's not a simple sentence, "Where is the sky like the earth?" Some people think that Su Dongpo despises the sky here and praises the world. I don't think it is appropriate from the words used at that time or from Dongpo's thought.
The second half of the word, the first two sentences: "turn to Zhuge, low-level households", and then changed a pair of pen and ink, becoming deep and meticulous. In ancient times, the word "turn" was used when writing time moved forward secretly, slowly and unconsciously. For example, writing "more leakage" and writing "tree shadow" all say "turn". The word "turn" is used here, which really shows the expression of time secretly passing between enjoying the moon. Then the word "low" was used, which was even more obvious. The moon had gone west and gradually went underground, but it didn't go down. Just two small words, extremely economical, but extremely vivid! In addition, it also conveys the mood of the moon-watchers: just now, when this song talked about wine in high spirits, gradually, with the arrival of late at night, this high spirits have gathered into a deep thought.
"Brother Zhu" is a red chamber; "Wild Fox" is a beautifully carved window bucket fan. This is the residence of an ancient lady. "As You Sleepless" is the only one that combines the bright moon fairy with the imaginary girl on earth. Sleepless describes a girl's feelings of parting. On this festive night, she tossed and turned with her eyes wide open until the moonlight shone flat into the beautiful window. Some people think that Sleepless Night is the author's own "drinking too much". I think this is wrong. Drinking too much can never be described as "unable to sleep"; Besides, the author will never put himself in "Zhu Ge" and "Hu Qi". Dongpo used this pen to write down the joy of some people in the festival; Some people feel sorry for the scenery, which is exactly what the ancients said, "I miss my relatives twice during the festive season", and the author is concerned about and wants to write about the latter kind of people. Although there is a sentence in his original title that he is pregnant with a son, that is to say, when he writes poetry, he misses his brother Su Zhe. However, what we see in his words is more than a little brotherhood. His thoughts are always broad, and he is by no means a small personal image. From this, this turns to his last question: Moon, don't you have a caring person in your heart? But why do you always get brighter when people leave? Wouldn't it be better if we couldn't let the world get together when close people get together without parting? Here, the author shows his great wish: there is no sorrow and hatred in the world, and all people are happy.
However, this was impossible at that time, and Su Dongpo also deeply knew that this was just wishful thinking. Since ancient times, people have joys and sorrows. The moon is full of wind and rain, and the weather is changeable. Where can we cooperate forever? Since the wish is difficult to realize, it can only be solved from the understanding of things. He remembered the conclusion of Li Bai's Drinking asking for the moon: "If the ancients were running water today, they would look at the bright moon. I only hope that the song is right for the wine, and the moonlight shines on the golden urn! " It also reminds me of the famous sentence in Xie Zhuang's Yuefu: "Beauty walks in the dust, thousands of miles away, and the moon is in the sky!" So he wrote down his own opinion: "I wish people a long time and a thousand miles of good scenery." This means that we only want those close to us to live forever. Even if we can't get together in festivals, it's very satisfying to look up at this bright moon and enjoy this beautiful realm even thousands of miles away.
This masterpiece is well written, beautifully imagined, detailed in description, bold in interest, profound in philosophy, intertwined, not single, not superficial and affectionate. Su Dongpo's philosophy, or his outlook on life, may not be correct today, but his feelings are relatively healthy, his thoughts are relatively broad, and his ideological and artistic feelings are still very comfortable. His optimism also gives readers comfort and encouragement. In the works of ancient poets, there are not many such works, and people have been extremely fond of it for thousands of years. In the novel Water Margin, which describes the hero, we all thought of the famous work Su when writing the Mid-Autumn Festival, and used it as an artistic cooperation and foil, which shows its position in people's minds.
Finally, I don't agree to understand this word as Su Dongpo's writing about his political mood and his feelings of missing the emperor. We don't deny that there is often "sustenance" in classical poetry, but we don't approve of reading poetry by guessing. For example, "Palace in Heaven" refers to the capital and the imperial court, and "human" refers to the place (Mizhou, Shandong) and so on. In that case, the author's feelings and thoughts will be solidified and narrowed, seemingly exploring the meaning of the content, but in fact, it will be impossible to really understand the spiritual world and artistic world of the author and his works.