Rites and music in the Yuan Dynasty were gradually perfected and supplemented at any time as needed. In the winter of the third year of Zhiyuan, the ancestral temple was sacrificed, the palace was hung, the songs were sung, and the civil and military dances were salty. The music used has special names according to different purposes, such as "Song of Coming Success" for welcoming divine comedy, "Song of Opening Success" for offering sacrifices to ancestors, "Song of Wu Cheng" for Taizong and "Song of Wen Cheng" for Taizong. The literary dance is called "the dance of Wuding Wensui", and the martial dance is called "the dance of inner peace and outer success". Song and dance performances are symbolic, with the first achievement symbolizing the destruction of Wang Han, 2% symbolizing the destruction of Xixia, 3% of gold, 4% of the Western Regions, Henan, 5% of Chengdu, Pingnan Zhao, 6% of Koryo, and submission.
In terms of the music played, such as the song of Ghiglia played by the King of Music Team, and the song of Mountain Jingzi Belt played by the Shouxing Team, all may be Mongolian music, while the song of Xifan Jing of Golden Word may be Tibetan Buddhist music. In terms of team dance music, the music played, such as Changchun Willow, New Water Order, Selling Fine Wine, Taiping Order, Water Fairy, Qingshan Kou, Wan Nianhuan, Coat Divine Comedy, Xianlu Palace, etc., may be mostly traditional music of the Han nationality.
mongolia music in Yuan Dynasty is unknown because it is not specified in History of Rites and Music in Yuan Dynasty. Through other documents, we can know that the famous Yuan court music is "bai ling Que", which is a big song of the Yuan Dynasty's teaching workshop, and was written by Shi Deying, the official of Yuan Shizu. Bai ling finch, shaped like a quail, has a long body and a short tail. It can control wild animals, especially swans. The male and female sing together, and the voice is pleasant. It is said that after the music was finished, it was played by Yuan Shizu, and at the end of the music, there was a "lonely voice of hatred and sorrow". Yuan Shizu didn't seem satisfied, but it had been circulated and could not be changed. Legend has it that Kublai Khan went hunting in Liulin and was very sad to hear women crying. The next day, a group of bai ling finches flew on the dry flowers, and their cries sounded like women crying. Kublai Khan was very moved, so he made the courtiers write the lyrics of bai ling finches, and then ordered the actor Shi Deying to compose music. Sadula's poem "bai ling Sparrow" says:
The sad and secluded sparrow is double bai ling, flying only beside Wuhuan City.
there is no tree nest in Pingsha, and the male and female are happy and singing.
don't you see that there were no purple swallows in the old days, and Yuanyang locked the old Zhaoyang Hall.
the wind and the peony are pitiful in spring, and the dew and the hibiscus are not bitter in autumn.
There is a saying in Jiesi's "bai ling finches in Tiji 'an": "bai ling finches and bai ling finches fly on the Luanhe River every time they see it. I have never known the nature of birds in my life, and I dare not return to Jiangnan in a cage. " It is clear that the finches only live in the north and do not migrate; At the same time, it shows that this music is pure Mongolian royal music popular in the north.
Fine Music in White Sands-Don't miss the thank-you gift
This is a large-scale song and dance in the Yuan Dynasty. According to legend, at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu traveled south and crossed the Jinsha River with a sheepskin boat, heading straight for Lijiang. A Liang, the toast of Naxi nationality in Lijiang, expressed support for Kublai Khan and helped him March. When leaving, he presented ten chapters of music, musicians and musical instruments to A Liang. This is the source of "White Sands"-don't miss the thank-you gift. Now the Yuan Dynasty remains in Lijiang area of Naxi nationality.
Uighur music refers to the music in Xinjiang. Xinjiang is inhabited by Uygur and other ethnic minorities, belonging to the Semu race, ranking among the best in the Yuan Dynasty. In the Yuan Dynasty, a "Changhe Department" was set up under the etiquette department, which was responsible for bringing back musicians. It can be seen that Huihui music occupies an important position in the palace. Even the returning stones (gems) are priceless. According to "Music of Dropping out of Farming", the Huihe songs are "Hengli, Mahei Dangdang, Qingquan Dangdang." The more specific situation is unknown.