The life and works of Luo Guanzhong
Recently I have studied Luo Guanzhong’s "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "The Romance of the End of the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties", etc., and not only became interested in Luo Guanzhong himself, so I started to Interested in exploring the life and works of Luo Guanzhong. The excerpt is as follows for discussion with *** people of insight: 3:
Volume 25 of "Records of Traveling to the West Lake": {)[VEr Chinese Folk Art--Chinese Folk Art-=A Paradise for Folk Art Lovers=- Keywords: Storytelling, Crosstalk and Folk Art Download FTP n%l'U
Qiantang Luo Guanzhong was born in the Southern Song Dynasty and compiled dozens of novels. The "Water Margin" narrates the story of Song Jiang and other events. The thieves and thieves escape from deception, and the mechanism is very detailed. However, it turns into a variety of deceptions, bad intentions, and his descendants are mute for three generations. Such is the retribution of God's favor. xb>c{Chinese Folk Art--Chinese Folk Art-=A Paradise for Folk Art Lovers=- Keywords: Storytelling, Crosstalk and Folk Art Download FTP [U!
Case "Siku Quanshu General Catalog": ""West Lake Tour" "Zhi", 24 volumes, "Zhi Yu", 26 volumes, written by Mingtian Rucheng. "The second article is found in the eighth volume of "Supplementary Wulin Old Stories", the text is exactly the same as the above, the last title is "Xihu Zhi", Apparently it is a photo of the original text of "West Lake Tour Notes". The records of "West Lake Tour Zhiyu" were generally followed by Wang Qi in the late Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty: w8~+o7 Chinese Folk Art--Chinese Folk Art-=A Paradise for Folk Art Lovers=- Keywords: Storytelling, Crosstalk and Folk Art Download FTP =
"Water Margin" is written by Luo Ben. Ben, courtesy name Guanzhong, was born in Hangzhou. He has compiled dozens of novels, and "Water Margin" describes the events of Song Jiang and details the mechanisms for escaping traitors and thieves. However, it turns out to be full of deceit and bad intentions. The speaker said that all three generations of his descendants were mute. This is the retribution of God's favor. ("Extended Literature Comprehensive Examination" Volume 177 "Classification Examination") c Chinese Folk Art--Chinese Folk Art-=A Paradise for Folk Art Lovers=- Keywords: Storytelling, Crosstalk and Folk Art Download FTP i,+
It can be seen that the statement in "West Lake Tour Chronicles" that Luo Guanzhong was from the Southern Song Dynasty is worthy of attention. The third article is found in Volume 25 of "Shaoshi Shanfang Bi Cong Zheng Ji" written by Hu Yinglin of the Ming Dynasty: zoPu Chinese Folk Art - Chinese Folk Art - = Paradise for Folk Art Lovers = - Keywords: Storytelling, Crosstalk and Folk Art Download FTP cYE36/
The "Xuanhe Legacy" that has been passed down from generation to generation is extremely slanderous, but it is also the common saying of Lu Yan during the victorious period. It contains the words Nanru and Shengyuan, and also records thirty-six people from Song and Jiang. Lu Junyi is Li Junyi, Yang Xiong is Wang Xiong, and Guan Sheng is Guan Bisheng. They are all different from Yu. Together with the Hua Shi Gang and other things, they all seem to be the story book of "Water Margin". If "Water Margin" is published, the name will not be changed later. Lang Ying's "Lei Mao" also records the deeds of various people in the "Diangui Book", which was compiled by Zhong Jixian of the Yuan Dynasty. However, the thirty-six people mentioned in Shi's book are probably the predecessors of each, and the others are attached to each other. Lang said that this book and "Three Kingdoms" were both written by Luo Guanzhong, which was a big mistake. The two books are shallow and deep, and the workmanship is clumsy. They are as if they are suspended in the sky, and there is no way to understand them. According to legend, Shi's name is Naian, but his name cannot be verified. My friend Wang Chengfu tasted the play and said that it was a compilation of "Nan Hua" and "Tai Shi". I was not the leader of cunning and coquettish people, so the play was rogue. &Ts. Chinese Folk Art--Chinese Folk Art-=A Paradise for Folk Art Lovers=- Keywords: Storytelling, Crosstalk and Folk Art Download FTP T(
There is a note under this article: "Shi Mou saw Tian Shuhe's "West Lake Chronicles" "Yu" (Case: Tian Rucheng, courtesy name Shuhe) The fourth article is found in Volume 327 of "Selected Collections of Articles Differentiating Styles" Wang Siren's "Preface to the Peony Pavilion of Yumingtang": V6vc Chinese Folk Art - Chinese Folk Art - =A paradise for lovers of folk art=- Keywords: Storytelling, cross talk and folk art download FTP d*z
Fire can be painted, but wind cannot be described; water can be carved, but space cannot be dried. Those with similar skills are mediocre and talented. No one is better than the "Yi". There are not many people. Zuo Qiu Ming, Song Yu, Meng Zhuang, Sima Zichang, Tao Yuanming, Lao Du, Da Su, Luo Guanzhong, Wang Shifu, Wang Yuanmei of my Ming Dynasty, Xu Wenchang, Tang Ruoshi are just excellent scholars. Ancient Chinese poems, rulers and tablets, rich and precious, wonderful things. However, I was born on the right side of the Yangtze River, and I opened my breasts in six dynasties..._9# Chinese Folk Art--Chinese Folk Art-=A Paradise for Folk Art Lovers=-Keywords: Storytelling, Crosstalk and Folk Art Download FTP 4\=cO(
Based on the meaning of the text, Wang Siren probably also believed that Luo Guanzhong was from the Southern Song Dynasty. This statement is more than a hundred years away from the current theory that Luo lived in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties. In fact, people have very little information about Luo Guanzhong's life. The article "The Romance of Songjiang in the Three Kingdoms" written by Lang Ying, a native of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty, said: ~m Chinese Folk Art - Zhonghua. Folk Art-=A Paradise for Folk Art Lovers=- Keywords: Storytelling, Crosstalk and Folk Art Download FTP z=kg;
The two books "Three Kingdoms" and "Song Jiang" were compiled by Yu Yijiu, a native of Hangzhou. There must be a copy, so it is called "Song Jiang" and is also called the copy of Shi Naian in Qiantang.
Yesterday I found a copy of "Gui Gu Bu" in an old book store. It was written by Zhong Ji, Daliang of the Yuan Dynasty. It contains the names of biographies of the Yuan and Song Dynasties, and there are especially many things in the two books. According to this, it can be seen that there are also traces in the original, so the ears of the weaving are enhanced. approximately Prefaced to the first year of Shun Dynasty (1330), it is the first literature catalog in my country and the earliest work to record the biographies and works of the Yuan Dynasty Zaju and Sanqu writers. The second volume of "Recording Ghost Book" records the legendary materials of more than 150 Zaju and Sanqu writers from Jin Ruyuan and the author at the same time as the author, and more than 450 kinds of Zaju plays, with the song "Lingbo Xian" I pay my respects to my friends who have died. Since most of the writers recorded in the book are contemporaries that the author has personally come into contact with, and a small number of senior writers are not far away from the author's time, the book is relatively authentic and credible in terms of information. v
The author has the courage to break orthodox concepts and is not afraid of offending "noble people and scholars of human nature". He records the writers of Zaju and Sanqu in the ghost book, hangs music for them, and erects monuments and biographies for them. Most of them are " "Nine Confucians and Ten Beggars" who have a humble family background and a poor position" but are "highly talented and knowledgeable". Guan Hanqing, a great writer who made outstanding contributions to the history of Chinese literature, is not only unknown in the "History of the Yuan Dynasty", but also rarely recorded in other historical materials. Thanks to the "Lugui Book", his birthplace, occupation and nickname are preserved for us. and sixty kinds of drama repertoire. In addition, "Ghost Book" also records a large number of folk writers. These are the important values ??of "Ghost Recording Book". GCKHh:
"The Continuation of the Ghost Book" contains 71 writers such as Zhong Sicheng and Luo Guanzhong, 78 kinds of dramas, and 78 kinds of dramas written by Anonymous, reflecting the Yuan Dynasty. The achievements of opera creation in the late Ming Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, from which we can understand the main deeds of some writers in this period. U$mY\ Chinese Folk Art -- Chinese Folk Art -=A Paradise for Folk Art Lovers=- Keywords: Storytelling, Crosstalk, Folk Art Download FTP o'QNmT
Finally, let's study the life of Luo Guanzhong. According to the contents of the 15 "Genealogy Rules" recorded in "Luo Family Genealogy", the possibility of "unintentional omission" or concealment is basically non-existent. Therefore, there must be other important reasons for this person's removal from the "Family Tree". Under the feudal patriarchal system, only those who have committed disobedient, unfilial and treasonous acts will be severely punished by being removed from their family tree. Luo Guanzhong wrote dramas and novels, which was considered by people with traditional prejudices at the time to be mixed with top-notch talents and actors, which undoubtedly tarnished the family tradition; more seriously, he had participated in the feudal rule The feudal rulers of the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties regarded novels that were suspected of "promoting chaos and instructing pirates" as a compilation and compilation of "Water Margin". Classical works have been repeatedly banned and destroyed. Since Luo Guanzhong intervened in the compilation of this book, his crime is no less than that of a "rebellious minister and traitor". Therefore, he is likely to be removed from the list as both a "rebellious son" and a "rebellious son". TU
The above inference is mainly due to the fact that the life of this "Second Son of Luo Jin" is quite consistent with the life of the author of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms". The reason why he was removed from the list is also due to his participation in This is the reason why books such as "Water Margin" were written. Another more important point is that the Qing Xu Luo family background reflected in a series of prefaces in "Luo Family Tree" is almost exactly the same as the social and historical background reflected in Luo Guanzhong's novels and opera works. According to historical records such as "Family Tree", the reason why Luo Zhongxiang, the founder of the Luo family of Qingxu in Taiyuan, failed to return to his hometown of Sichuan after taking office in Qingxu in Taiyuan was firstly because of the "long distance" and mainly because of "avoiding chaos." What kind of "chaos" are you avoiding? To avoid the Huangchao Uprising in the late Tang Dynasty and the ensuing chaos in the feudal towns of the Five Dynasties. The area around Kujin Yang and Qingyuan was not only the main battlefield of the Five Dynasties wars, but also a natural hotbed for the production of Five Dynasties historical dramas and novels. These exciting backgrounds and stories were reflected in Luo Guanzhong's early novel "The End of the Tang Dynasty". "The Romance of the Five Dynasties" has been vividly and concretely reflected. After Luo Zhongxiang settled in Xu of the Qing Dynasty, he "escaped chaos" and moved to Sigou Village in Baima Mountain. The local people called the big ravine where these villages are located "Baishigou" because of the rich white stones here. How many ancestors of this Luo family are there? The place where Dai lived has also been described in a very clear "suggestive" manner in the "Water Margin" section on conquering Tianhu (see Chapter 98 to Chapter 100). According to Mr. Meng Fanren's research, "Ping Hebei Tianhu and Ping Huaixi Qingdu" in "Water Margin" are the supplementary work of Luo Guanzhong who returned to the north in his later years and lived in seclusion in Wen County, Daming Prefecture. &q
It can be seen from the more than 20 prefaces recorded in "Luo Family Genealogy" that the ancestors of each generation of this family attach great importance to the idea of ??"origin", almost in every article In the preface, there are notes and discussions about the "origin" of the family. The Luo family has taught the family's origins fundamentally, and it has always been passed down to all generations of descendants. This family tradition has undoubtedly given Luo Guanzhong his legacy. It has a profound impact, and because he has been wandering in other places all year round, his thoughts about his hometown and family love will become more intense. Therefore, when he signed his work, it was only natural that he named it "Luo Ben Guanzhong", which means "the thought of the source of wood and water will be in his heart forever".
In this way, the discovery of Taiyuan Qingxu's "Luo Family Tree" provides another key to uncovering the mystery of Luo Guanzhong's naming. h Chinese Folk Art--Chinese Folk Art-=A Paradise for Folk Art Lovers=- Keywords: Storytelling, Crosstalk and Folk Art Download FTP 9$7]Gg
Li Xiusheng believed in "On Luo Guanzhong": Luo Guanzhong was originally from Taiyuan. Their ancestors may have moved south to Hangzhou with the Song Dynasty, so they are also called Hangzhou people. Meng Fanren believes in "The Sequel to the Record of Ghost Book" and Luo Guanzhong's Various Matters (contained in the 2nd volume of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms"): The author of "The Sequel to the Record of Ghost Book" is Luo Guanzhong's "forever friend", and he has a lot of information about Luo Guanzhong. Records should be the most authoritative and credible. The novels and operas created by Luo Guanzhong have some connection with Shanxi and Taiyuan in the selection of materials: Guan Yu, the most outstanding and successful character in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", is from Jiezhou, Shanxi; an important figure in "The Chronicles of the Sui and Tang Dynasties" Li Yuan and his son raised troops from Taiyuan and conquered the world; Li Cunxiao, an important figure in "The Romance of the Fragment of the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties", was from Yanbei, Shanxi; Zhao Kuangyin in "The Meeting of Dragons and Tigers", Zhao Kuangyin, lived in Taiyuan before he became successful; Wen Yanbo in "Ping Yao Zhuan" is from Jiexiu, Shanxi. This "connection" is closely related to the writer's "nativeness". There was a Luo family in Jinyang (Taiyuan) during the Yuan Dynasty, and Luo Guanzhong probably belonged to this family. Liu Shide pointed out in "An Examination of Luo Guanzhong's Birthplace" (contained in "Literary Heritage" Issue 2, 1992) that there are three geographical errors in "Water Margin" and "Popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms" that fall within the scope of ancient Dongping. W
According to Mr. Meng Fanren’s inspection of the “Luo Family” in Taiyuan from 1985 to 1987 and his follow-up inspections and visits to Huishan Village and Hewan Village in Qixian County, Mr. Meng “excluded Qixian River There is a possibility that there is a direct connection between "Wancun" and Luo Guanzhong, an ancient novelist who is now believed by academic circles to be born in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties. [-SIXt Chinese Folk Art--Chinese Folk Art-=A Paradise for Folk Art Lovers=- Keywords: Storytelling, Crosstalk and Folk Art Download FTP g{tIH@
Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Luo Guanzhong’s works have been continuously revised and revised , has greatly changed from the original work, and even "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" has many changes from its original appearance. Liu Cunren first raised objections in "The Authenticity of Luo Guanzhong's Historical Novels", arguing that: "Although the engraving of "The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms" available today was published in the Wanli or even Tianqi years, it was far back in the Jiajing Renwu edition of the "Three Kingdoms" After "Public Romance", the original version on which it is based (regardless of whether it is one or more ancestors), is inherently likely to be before Renwu of Jiajing." From this, he outlined the basic clues of the evolution of the version of "Three Kingdoms": around. About forty years after the Zhizhi's "Three Kingdoms" was published, Luo Guanzhong may have written "Three Kingdoms", which was later included in other "Three Kingdoms". After this, "The Popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms" was published. Although the Jiajing version is the earliest extant version of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", it is by no means the best version, nor is it the version closest to Luo Guanzhong's original work; "The Legend of the Three Kingdoms" is a parallel version with the Jiajing version, and in some aspects retains the original version of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms". This is a more ancient form; in the past decade or so, Chinese and foreign scholars have made further explorations, and their views have gradually become closer. %FI2 Chinese Folk Art--Chinese Folk Art-=A Paradise for Folk Art Lovers=- Keywords: Storytelling, Crosstalk and Folk Art Download FTP %
In the past thirty years, the breadth and depth of research on Luo Guanzhong and his works have greatly increased More than any previous historical period, many new insights have been put forward on a series of issues and several new breakthroughs have been achieved. 'OI9}
Since the 1980s, many national academic symposiums and international seminars have been held, and provincial, municipal, and county-level societies and specialized research institutions on Luo Guanzhong and his works have been established, such as Shanxi The "Luo Guanzhong Research Society" in Qingxu County of the province is affiliated with the Qingxu County Chronicle Office; the Romance of the Three Kingdoms Society of Sichuan Province is affiliated with the Wuhou Temple Museum in Chengdu, etc. Relevant seminars have been held three times. Including: a seminar on traditional culture and modern management was held in Guangzhou; a seminar on the version of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" was held in Kunming, Yunnan; a seminar on Sun Wu and the Culture of the Three Kingdoms was held in Fuyang, Zhejiang, etc. Chinese scholars who have got rid of the shackles of the "Cultural Revolution" and are boldly emancipating their minds have conducted valuable re-explorations of Luo Guanzhong and his works with a new spiritual outlook. The addition of scholars from Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao and foreign countries has also created a new situation for the vigorous development of Robben cultural research.
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