Said by: Guo Feng Nan Zhou's Guan Ju is the first poem in the Book of Songs, the first collection of poems in ancient China. It is generally believed that this is a love song describing the love between men and women.
Original text:
Guan Ju
Pre-Qin Dynasty: Anonymous
Guan Heming's osprey, accompanied by the small continent of the river. A beautiful and virtuous woman is a good spouse of a gentleman.
Mix shepherd's purse and salvage it from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman wakes up to pursue her.
If you can't pursue it, the black nightclub misses her during the day. Miss Long, I can't sleep over and over again.
Mix shepherd's purse and choose from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman came to her with a couple and a couple.
Pull shepherd's purse from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman rings the bell to please her.
Translation:
Guan Guan and Ming's pheasant doves are accompanied by small and medium-sized rivers. A beautiful and virtuous woman is really a good spouse of a gentleman.
The ragged shepherd's purse keeps picking from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman will never forget when she wakes up.
Good wishes are hard to come true, just wake up and think. I can't sleep without thinking about it.
Pick the ragged shepherd's purse from left to right. Beautiful and virtuous woman, playing the harp and watching, dear.
Uneven shepherd's purse, pulling left and right. Beautiful and virtuous woman, beating gongs and drums to please her.
Extended data:
Creative background:
The Zhou Dynasty was founded by Wen and Wu, and it was successful and prosperous. After Zhao and Mu, the national situation gradually declined. Later, the king of Li was driven away, the king of you was killed, and Ping moved to the east, entering the Spring and Autumn Period. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the royal family declined, princes merged, barbarians invaded, and society was in turmoil.
In the Zhou Dynasty, there was an official who collected poems. Every spring, he shakes Muduo and goes deep into the folk to collect folk songs. After sorting out the works that can reflect the joys and sorrows of the people, give them to the Taishi (the official in charge of music) to compose music and sing them to the emperor as a reference for administration.
As a whole, The Book of Songs reflects the social life from the early Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period, which is an image reflection of China's social life in these 500 years, including the ode of ancestors' entrepreneurship and the movement of offering sacrifices to ghosts and gods.
There are also banquet exchanges between nobles and resentment against uneven work and rest; There are also touching chapters reflecting labor, hunting and a lot of love, marriage and social customs.
Refers to the land south of Zhou, which is a fief, that is, southwest Henan and northwest Hubei. Most of Nan Zhou's poems were written in the late Western Zhou Dynasty and early Eastern Zhou Dynasty. The first poem "Guan Ju" is a poem about love.
Appreciate:
We should understand Guan Ju from two aspects: poetry and music. As far as poetry is concerned, it is a "folk song", and the love between men and women is reflected in a folk custom. According to legend, the ancients had the custom of meeting men and women in mid-spring moon.
The chant in Guanju may not be a record of this historical event, but this historical event helps us to understand the psychological state and customs of ancient men and women who met, fell in love and hoped to get married.
The object of literary works is social life, and the description of social customs can more truly reproduce social life, so that social life can be integrated into the picture of social customs, which is more realistic.
Guan Ju describes the love between men and women in ancient times as a social custom. As far as music is concerned, the whole poem is formed for harmony.
All the vivid poems in ancient times can often be sung. And pay attention to the harmony of timbre. Guanju uses repeated chapters and sentences, which shows that it is a song and a poem that lives in people's mouths.
The word "autumn" is the center of the whole poem, which shows the process of men pursuing women, that is, from deep yearning to realizing their desire to get married. The third chapter expresses my anxiety that I can't get it. This is the key to an article, which can best reflect the spirit of the whole poem.
Yao Jiheng's "General Theory of the Book of Songs" commented: "There are four chapters before and after, four sentences in the chapter, and the meaning can be known. Today, these four sentences are placed under "I want to seek more happiness for myself" and above "Friends" and "Joy", which were handed down from the previous chapter. The whole spirit is here.
Guy must write these four sentences to satisfy the two meanings of "friend" and "joy". Without this, the clouds above are "seeking" and the clouds below are "friends" and "music", so the momentum will be weak and it will be weak.
This ancient prose strives for conciseness, and its tone is forced to advance, which is different from the voice that emphasizes before. Yao's analysis of the importance of this chapter in the whole poem is the most accurate. What needs to be added is that this chapter not only carries forward the literary spirit with complicated strings, but also writes vivid images.
That is, the so-called "three hundred poems are picturesque" in Wang Shizhen's Yu Yang Poetry Talk. Lin Yiguang's Book of Songs explained: "I woke up tossing and turning, still in bed."
This description of the feelings of missing one's lover can be described as "sad without hurting". The fourth and fifth chapters are about the happiness of seeking. Friends of the harp and the music of the bell and drum are all acquired scenes.
The words "friend" and "music" have their own weight and depth. The so-called "pleasure without lewdness" means writing quickly and happily without involving extravagance and waste. The whole poem is about a man's yearning and pursuit of women, his anxiety and happiness that he can't get.