Said by: Summer quatrains are a five-character quatrains written by the Song Dynasty poet Li Qingzhao.
Original text:
Summer quatrains
Song Dynasty: Li Qingzhao
Live and be a man among men; Die and become the soul in the soul.
Today, people still miss Xiang Yu because he refused to live and returned to the East.
Translation:
Be a hero in life and a hero in ghosts in death.
People still miss Xiang Yu because he refused to drag out an ignoble existence back to Jiangdong.
Extended data:
Creative background:
In A.D. 1 127 (the second year of Jingkang), the nomads from the Jin Dynasty invaded the Central Plains, taking away Hui Di and Qin Emperor, and Zhao and Song Dynasties were forced to flee south. Zhao Mingcheng, Li Qingzhao's husband, became a health magistrate.
After the rebellion broke out in the city, Zhao Mingcheng was not thinking about counterinsurgency, but chickened out. Li Qingzhao is ashamed of her country and her husband. When she passed the Wujiang River, she felt the solemn and stirring of Xiang Yu and wrote this poem.
Li Qingzhao used three allusions in "Summer quatrains":
1, hero: a hero among people. Emperor Gaozu once praised the founding heroes Sean, Xiao He and Han Xin as "outstanding figures".
2. Ghost hero: the hero in the ghost. Qu Yuan's "Mourning the Nation": "When you die, your soul is a ghost." It means: the body is dead, the spirit is immortal, and your soul is a hero among ghosts!
3. Xiang Yu: At the end of Qin Dynasty, he stood on his own as the overlord of Western Chu and competed with Liu Bang for the world. In the Battle of Gaixia, he was defeated and committed suicide.
There are only 20 short words in the whole poem, but three allusions are used in succession, which can be described as meticulous words and full of sense of justice between the lines. ?
The author introduces:
Li Qingzhao (1March 084 13— about 1 155), Yi nationality, Han nationality, was born in Jinan, Jizhou (now Zhangqiu District, Jinan City, Shandong Province). A poetess in Song Dynasty, a representative of graceful and restrained ci school, was known as "the first talented woman in the ages".
Li Qingzhao was born in a scholarly family and had a good life in his early years. Her father Li has a rich collection of books, and she has laid a literary foundation in a good family environment since she was a child. After marriage, she and her husband Zhao Mingcheng devoted themselves to the collection and arrangement of calligraphy and painting stones.
Nomads from the central plains, south, lonely situation. In the lyrics, he wrote more about his early leisure life, his later life experience and sentimental mood. In form, it makes good use of line drawing, forms its own school and has beautiful language.
On the theory of ci, it emphasizes harmony and elegance, puts forward the theory that ci is different from one family, and opposes the method of writing ci into poetry. There are not many who can write poems. Some chapters have a sense of the times, praise history and use generous words, which is different from their style of words.
There are Yi 'an Jushi Collection and Yi 'an Ci, which have been lost. Later generations have a collection of Yu Shu's ci. There is a collation of Li Qingzhao's collected works today.