Du Fu
Outside the courtyard, Jiangtou couldn't sit still, and the water mirror palace turned slightly.
Peach blossoms fall, and yellow birds fly with Bai Niao.
If you indulge in drinking for a long time, you will be abandoned, and laziness will go against the world.
The official feelings are even more alienated, and the boss's injury has not yet brushed his clothes.
This poem was written in the spring of the first year of Gan Yuan (758), and it was Du Fu's work when he finally stayed in Chang 'an.
A year ago, Du Fu went to Su Heng alone and was left to pick him up. Because Shang Shuling was dismissed as prime minister, he was indignant and angry with Su Zong, who was on trial. Although it will still be collected in the future, it will not be reused in name. Du fu's inaction, empty heart of serving the country, can not help but complain. This poem Qujiang's wine is a reflection of the poet's mood.
Qujiang, or Qujiang Pool, located in the southeast of Xi 'an today, was named after the winding water in the pool, and it was the first resort in Kyoto at that time.
The first two couplets are Qujiang scenery. "You can't go home outside the hospital." Garden refers to Furong Garden, which is in the southwest of Qujiang, and is the place where the imperial concubine travels. Sitting on the back shows that the poet has been in Jiangtou for a long time. The word "no" is very particular. If we use "sitting without returning", it only reflects the objective phenomenon. Not going back highlights the poet's subjective will and does not want to go back, which shows your feelings. This is to pave the way for the expression of three and four.
The following three sentences are what you saw when you were sitting. "The Water Mirror Palace has become a weak place", which is a palace in the garden. A faint, vague look. Between "Gong" and "Wei Fei", there is also a word "Zhuan", which highlights the change of scenery. This seems to be the result of "sitting on the back": sitting on the back for a long time, it is getting late, so the palace is extremely small. But from the following description, we can't see the sunset, which reveals the poet's intention of using a pen. In Reading Interpretation, Pu Qilong once compared the two songs "Qujiang Duijiu" and "Qujiang Duiyu" written by poets in this period with the two songs "For the Road" written before the Anshi Rebellion, and pointed out: "The words in Qujiang poems here are flowers and birds, ducklings and butterflies. When it comes to palaces, clouds' nest jade',' turn dusk',' cloud cover' and' quiet night' are just so. Looking at the' Cloud Curtain' and' Imperial Chef' mentioned above, I feel that the ups and downs are in front of me, and they are for a while. " This view is reasonable. "Shui Ling Gong Zhuan Faint" shows an empty scene, and the word "Zhuan" means that the times have changed.
In contrast, it is the natural spring scenery that comes as scheduled: "Peach blossoms chase small flowers, yellow birds fly white birds". Just a pair of couplets, shape, spirit, sound, color and fragrance are all available. The words "meticulous" and "at the same time" are extremely well written. The fallen flowers are quiet, the birds are singing and vivid. Two sentences set off the poet's mood at this time: sedentary, idle and boring, so he paid attention to the flying of flowers and birds. The original phrase "Peach Blossoms Drizzle Flowers" was "Peach Blossoms Desire * * Huayang Desire", and later Du Fu's "Light Pen Changed into Three Characters" (Hu Zai's "Tiaoxi Fishing Hidden in Conghua") was changed from personification to description. Why is there such a change? It's just that The Peach Blossom Garden looks too comfortable and full of interest, which is not consistent with the poet's frustrated career and lazy and boring mood at that time.
This combination of "self-duality" means that two sentences are not only up and down, but also some words in this sentence are opposite. Here "peach" stands for "yang" and "yellow" stands for "white". Birds are divided into yellow and white, which are bright spots, while peaches and poplars are dark spots: peaches are red and poplars are white. This color presents a moving scene of dancing up and down with the "fine chase" of flowers and the "Qi Fei" of birds, rendering a group of spring scenery extremely beautiful.
Although the scenery is good, it is the season of falling flowers in late spring. The colorful loss of Britain is pleasing to the eye, but it is also easy to evoke the feeling of hurting spring, so the three parties drown their sorrows in wine and turn to tell their grievances and sorrows.
Write a complaint first: "If you indulge in drinking for a long time, you must give up. Being lazy is really against the world." Sentenced, read Pan's Words of Abandonment; Words that are also willing (Zhang Xiang's Poems, Songs and Ci Collection). These two sentences mean: I drink all day and have long been willing to be rejected; I'm too lazy to go to the Senate. It's really against the world. This is obviously a complaint, but it actually means: since people dislike me, it is better to lend myself wine; Since I am not used by the world, why go to the meeting? The irony of the truth is even more obvious, implicit and euphemistic. The "people" and "the world" mentioned here not only refer to the mediocrity in the imperial court, but also refer to Heng who has been complaining to Su. Poets are always loyal to the monarch, but when they are too disappointed, they can't help but say something. These two sentences show the poet's anger and grievance.
Finally, I expressed my sadness: "The official feeling is farther away, and my eldest brother has not brushed his clothes since he was injured." Cangzhou, an oasis by the water, was often used to refer to the hermit's residence in ancient times. Brushing clothes means resigning. This couplet reads: Just because the micro-official was tied and couldn't get away, the boss was sad, but he was helpless and left without brushing his clothes. "Cangzhou is far away" and "I haven't brushed my clothes" here are in contrast to "binge drinking" and "lazy coming" in the first part of the book, showing a dilemma that I can't enter if I want to, and I can't retreat if I want to. Although Du Fu's official career was frustrated and his life was bumpy, his political ambition remained the same. Until the year before his death (769), he also encouraged his friends to "pay tribute to the monarch Yao Shun and die early" ("Abolish Pei Daozhou's handwriting and lead him to prosperity"), hoping to take national affairs as his responsibility. It can be seen that the reason why poets indulge in drinking is because their ambitions are difficult to show and their ideals are frustrated; He entrusted his disappointment and anger to the flowers and birds, reflecting the poet's pain of being unable to serve the country.