Cao Pi couldn't let go of the experience of fighting for the Crown Prince. After he proclaimed himself emperor, he still held a grudge against Cao Zhi. He was worried that this learned and politically ambitious younger brother would threaten his throne, so he tried to get rid of him. Cao Zhi knew that his brother had deliberately framed himself, but he could not excuse himself. He had to write a poem within seven steps in extreme grief and indignation.
According to Shi Shuo Xin Yu Literature, "Wendy (Cao Pi) tried to make Dong Awang (Cao Zhi) write poetry in seven steps, but failed to achieve Dafa (killing) and re-write poetry ... The emperor was deeply ashamed."
This poem was first recorded in Shi Shuo Xin Yu, and then only four sentences were circulated, namely: "Boil beans and burn beans, and beans cry in the kettle. This is the same root, why rush to fry! " Probably because it is still difficult to determine whether it is really from Cao Zhi during the communication.
However, the author of Shi Shuo Xin Yu did not go far to the world of Cao Wei, which naturally has certain basis. Moreover, according to Wei Zhi's quotation in Shi Shuo Xin Yu, Cao Zhi also said that "words are justified and articles are written as chapters". Cao Cao once tried to use Deng Tong Que Tai Fu, and the success was remarkable, so Cao Zhi made such a good poem in seven steps. ?
Extended data:
1, work appreciation
This poem is written in a purely metaphorical way, with simple language and clear meaning, and no need for further explanation. As long as it is slightly dredged in individual words, its significance is self-evident. The first four sentences describe the phenomenon of burning beans in daily life. Cao Zhi used the word "bean" as a metaphor, and the word "cry" fully expressed the sadness and pain of the victims. "Douchi" in the second sentence refers to Douchi that has been filtered and cooked to make sauce.
"Fen" refers to beanstalk, which is dried and used as firewood. The powder is cooked with beans from the same root. Metaphor brothers are too tight, give up on themselves and violate heaven, which is naturally unacceptable. The poet's clever metaphor and clever language blurted out in an instant, which was really amazing.
The last two sentences express Cao Zhi's inner grief, obviously questioning Cao Pi: You and I are brothers. Why are you pushing so hard? For thousands of years, it has become a common language to persuade brothers not to kill each other, which shows that this poem is widely spread among the people.
This poem takes fried beans as a metaphor to accuse Cao Pi of cruel persecution of himself and other brothers. The tone is euphemistic and deep, and there are reminders and exhortations in sarcasm. On the one hand, this reflects Cao Zhi's cleverness, on the other hand, it also reflects Cao Pi's cruelty in persecuting his brothers and sisters.
The beauty of this poem lies in its clever metaphor and clear meaning. Beans and beanstalks are born from the same root, just like brothers. When the beanstalk burns, cook the beans in the pot and "cry". This metaphor is very touching, very touching.
Of course, the style of this poem is not consistent with other poems in Cao Zhi's collected works, because it was written in a hurry, so it is far from the tempering of language and the exquisiteness of images. It has won the appreciation of readers for thousands of years with appropriate and vivid metaphors and clear and profound meanings.
2. Introduction to the author:
Cao Zhi (192-232 65438+ February 27th) was born in Qiao County (now Bozhou City, Anhui Province), in Dongwuyang (now Shenxian County, called Juancheng City), the third son of Cao Cao and Wu Xuanbian, who was Chen Wang before his death. ?
Cao Zhi was a famous writer in the Three Kingdoms period. As one of the representatives and epitomizers of Jian 'an literature, he was promoted to the position of a model article in the Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. His representative works include Luo Shen Fu, White Horse, Seven Wounded Poems, etc.
Because of his literary attainments, later generations are called "Three Caos" with Cao Cao and Cao Pi. His poems are famous for their vigorous brushwork and gorgeous words, and there are 30 volumes left, which have been lost. Today, The Collection of Cao Zijian was compiled by Song people. Cao Zhi's prose also has the characteristics of "appealing to both refined and popular tastes and elegant style", and its genre is rich and diverse, which makes him make outstanding achievements in this respect. Xie Lingyun, a writer in the Southern Song Dynasty, commented that "there is only one stone in the world, and Cao Zijian monopolizes eight fights".
Zhong Rong, a literary critic, also praised Cao Zhi for his "extraordinary personality, colorful words, elegant feelings, elegant posture and outstanding style of writing." He is listed as the poet with the highest quality of poetry. Wang Shizhen evaluated the poets who have lived for two thousand years since the Han and Wei Dynasties as "immortals", including Cao Zhi, Li Bai and Su Shi.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Seven Steps Poetry
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Cao Zhi