Mao Qiling's Original Text _ Translation and Appreciation

Mao Qiling (1623— 17 16), a beginner and writer in Qing Dynasty, was also called "Jiangdong Ermao" with his brother Mao Wanling. Originally known as Chu Qing, it is also known as Yi, Qi, Qiu Qing, Chu Qing and Yi Qing. Born in Chengxiang Town, Xiaoshan (now Zhejiang). Xihe River in Wangxian County is called "Mr. Xihe" by scholars. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, students took part in the anti-Qing military at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty and came out in exile for many years. Kangxi recommended a learned and versatile Ci branch, allowed it to be examined, and served as the editor of the history museum. Find a fake one and don't come back History of Confucian classics and phonology, rich in works. Xihe Ji is divided into classics, history, anthology and miscellaneous works, totaling more than 400 volumes. Mao Qiling's life Mao Qiling was literate at the age of four. His mother dictated "University" and could read it aloud. When he was young, he was brilliant and famous for his poems. At the age of thirteen, he took the boy test and ranked first. He is regarded as a "prodigy". Chen Zilong, the examiner at that time, saw that he was young and joked, "Huang Mao hasn't retired yet. Why do you want to take the exam?" Mao Qiling replied: "Mandarin fish are waiting to fly, so it is the first sound." Everyone was surprised. Wu Ming cried in Gong Xue for three days. Later, he participated in the military affairs of Nanming Lu Wang. After the defeat of King Lu, he fled the Jianghu for more than ten years under the pseudonym of Wang Yan. Wu Ming and Qing soldiers went south. He, Shen Yuxi, Cai Shiguang and Bao Bingde avoided the Qing soldiers and built a mud house in the mountains south of the county seat for research. Mao Qiling is stubborn and arrogant. He once said, "There have been no scholars since Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and scholars have been extinct for 300 years." The criticism was too radical and offended many people. Therefore, Luo Zhi, the enemy, has been accused and framed many times. Later, he traveled to Jianghuai, covering Henan, Hubei, Jiangxi and other places. Lai's friends raised money to donate money to imperial academy. In the eighteenth year of Kangxi (1679), he was awarded the position of scholar and scholar, and was awarded the position of reviewing imperial academy and compiling the National History Museum, and participated in the compilation of Ming History. In the meantime, it was presented in the volume "Ancient and Modern Yun Tong" 1, which was appreciated and presented to the History Museum. Kangxi twenty-four years (1685) as an examiner. In the 26th year of Kangxi (1687), he resigned and retired due to swelling of his knees and stiff joints. He lives in the tomb of Zhugan Lane in Hangzhou and concentrates on writing. I once met Shang Bin, but there are many indistinguishable places between Yan Ruoqu and others. There are many scholars, such as Li Yong and Shao Tingcai. When Mao Qiling was 70 years old, he wrote his own epitaph, proposing "no crown, no shoes, no clothes, no customers" after death. In the fifty-fifth year of Kangxi (17 16), he died at home and was buried in Houputan, the northern trunk of Xiaoshan. Characteristic poem of the work

Among the famous poets in the early Qing Dynasty, Mao Qiling was one of many people who pursued and innovated in poetry creation. Professor Long Yusheng, a famous late Ci expert, commented on the Japanese in Selected Poems of Famous Poets in the Past 300 Years: "Hundred Flowers Garden, a poem of strange times, has the flavor of Yuefu in the Southern Dynasties and is unique among writers in the early Qing Dynasty." Chen Tingzhuo (Yi Feng), a poet in the late Qing Dynasty, thinks highly of himself. He likes to criticize his predecessors' words with personal prejudice, saying that Mao Qiling's words are "not deep in creation and brilliant in thought." Shi Zhecun, a modern writer and famous professor, disagreed. He chose 12 poems by Mao Qiling in his own New Collection of Flowers. He said: "There are twelve poems by Mao You, which can be compared with Li. However, the highest place is the song of Qing merchants in the Southern Dynasties. Chen Yifeng is a person who mocks himself for his' not deep creation and how clever his thinking is' and hardly knows the origin of this word. " After Chen Tingzhuo's condensed ci, Shi Lao commented that Bai Yuzhai (according to his real name) said that when the master of ci was depressed, he said that he was' heavy and not floating, depressed and not sparse', and that the master of poetry held a high evaluation in the Tang and Five Dynasties, saying that' the tern fell and rode'. He wrote his own lyrics, but also deliberately tried to figure out Wen and Wei, and worked hard between words and sounds, but it was like an ear. Indeed, arbitrarily denying Mao Qiling's words (especially Xiao Ling's) can only show that the deniers themselves "know almost nothing about the origin of words"; It is not only unfair but also inconsistent with the facts to simply dismiss Mao Qiling's unique words in the early Qing Dynasty as "not deep in creation". In a word, Mao Qiling's poetry achievement is an objective historical existence. The summary of the general content in < Sikuquanshu > says, "Qi Lingshan's poems are written by Yuefu, which is a kind of beautiful herb, with great rate, touching and beautiful, singing according to the festival, which makes people sad and can play the flute. His Xihe Ci Hua traces the development and evolution of Ci Qu (Ci Hua Zong Mu 199). We must not belittle him because he has no bold words of "gone forever". Like Qian, Wang Shizhen, Wu, Zhu Yizun and others in the early Qing Dynasty, Mao Qiling's achievements in poetry are undeniable.

Mao Qiling's poems have various styles and many excellent works. For example, the five-element poem "Look in the Mirror": "If you gradually feel that the lead is exhausted, who will pity the new. I shed tears with Yu, only "only 20 words", which expressed my sigh for the fleeting time and my early lonely mood. Shen Deqian, a famous poet in the Qing Dynasty, commented on this poem: "In fact, no one is United, but the road is full of music and flavor." Another example is the four-line "New Year's Eve": "The pepper in the hotel is burning, and the pepper dishes are worrying about the guests. How to listen to the golden rooster sing, then tonight is called the New Year. " Shen also commented that "everyone can teach, but there is no humanity, and they all feel the same about new things, not just New Year's Eve." Another example is the seven-line "Qinhuai Old Man": "Qinhuai sings high songs in the spring, and there are immortals like silver halls. When it comes to enjoying music with Beijing, I still doubt that I am a Taiping person. " Shen spoke highly: "After the chaos in the light, Yun He still doubts that the world is peaceful, which is sad!" Indeed, Mao Qiling's poems have a common feature, that is, they are good at creating new ideas in ordinary scenery. For example, the seven laws "Youth", "Shuo Fang", "Qiantang Meeting an Old Friend" and "Leiyang as a Gift" are all "conscious" and "witty and plain". Mao Qiling has many seven-character ancient poems, which are very concise and lifelike, and can be called the best narrative poems in Qing Dynasty. For example, in the poetry collections of Qing Dynasty, there are many articles, such as General Yang's Beauty Asking for Songs to Try Horses, Qian's Collection of Songs of the Jade Seal, and a letter "Watching Lions Enter the Western Regions", among which "Fighting Tigers" is the best. Shen Deqian selected 16 poems by Mao Qiling in the Collection of Poems of Qing Dynasty (Volume XI), and spoke highly of Mao's poem "Learning from Tang Dynasty and Creating New Ideas", and listed this poem at the front. On the day of the evaluation, he said: "A child who forgets himself to save his father is easy to be straight, and if he gets a' fake tiger hides the veil and fears the child', then the child's nature will become more and more obvious. Seeing this time, the child will know that something is wrong. And said that this poem is Mao Qiling's "outstanding work". "Among Mao Qiling's many poems, there are no fewer than 20 poems praising the scenery of his hometown. These poems of "Emotion Out of Polarity" are elegant and catchy, and five of them are like "Zhuluo Village (two poems)"; Five sentences, such as "Walking on the mountain and passing through the beautiful gate (two)"; Seven sentences, such as "collected in Xianghu Lake"

Mao Qiling is knowledgeable and can study classics, history and phonology. He is also good at parallel prose, prose and poetry. Proficient in temperament, and engaged in poetry theory criticism. He also has a profound foundation in calligraphy art and his own artistic style, which was highly respected in the early Qing Dynasty. Mao Qiling's calligraphy is a very representative kind of literati calligraphy, with strong bones, upright brushwork, elegant agility and strong personality. Mao Qiling read a lot of books, learned poems and sentences, and was good at winning games. In case of different opinions, we must "trace the source" and "correct every word" and hold our own unique opinions. His Four Books on Correcting Mistakes are four books attacking Zhu. Mao Qiling took debating classics as his responsibility all his life, insisting on the original text as the main indication, without doping other families. He wrote "University Reading Maps" in Shaolin Temple, which is his masterpiece. As well as many other works, all illustrate his thoughts on Confucian classics. Besides studying Confucian classics, I also studied local chronicles, including 3 volumes of Hu Xiang Water Conservancy Records and 3 volumes of Xiaoshan County Records. In addition, Mao is quite accomplished in literature and music, and is good at poetry and songs. He wrote many Xihe poems and Xihe Ci. He also taught music law, and wrote four volumes of Jingshan Music Record and two volumes of Leben Review. Shao Ruipeng, a close friend, commented on his ci as "elegant, close to Qi, with a style above the late Tang Dynasty".

Mao Qiling's poem "South Pond is full of water in May, blowing down, carp wind". Xiao Niang stopped her finger and went to the bottom to see the bonus. —— Mao Qiling's lotus leaf cup in Qing Dynasty was filled with water in May, and the lotus leaf cup was filled with water in May.

In May, Nantang was full of water, blowing off, and carp was windy. Xiao Niang stopped her finger and went to the bottom to see the bonus. Graceful scenery, taking care of the shadows before and after the flowers. People in the water. Fragments of water around people. Private tone, red diagonal collar, Rachel towel. But to my surprise, there are new thorns on the scarf between my collars. -Meeting Gu Huan Lin Ying in Mao Qiling's Meeting Gu Huan Lin Ying in Qing Dynasty.

Look at the shadows before the flowers. People in the water. Fragments of water around people.

Private tone, red diagonal collar, Rachel towel. But to my surprise, there are new thorns on the scarf between my collars. Graceful and restrained, writing flowers and writing people living in the world, Liu Jingting, eliminating the hero temple and stars. How many things happened in Jiangnan? I can't bear to listen to it with the whole world. -Qing Mao Qiling's "Gift to Yagyu" was given to Yagyu.

Mao Qiling in Qing Dynasty

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