Introduction to The Book of Songs The Book of Songs is the beginning of China's ancient poems and the earliest collection of poems. It collected poems from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period (1 1 century to the sixth century), including * * * 31,among which 6 poems were poems of prosperity, that is, only titles, but no contents.
The author of The Book of Songs is anonymous, and most of them cannot be verified. They were collected by Yin Jifu and edited by Confucius. In the pre-Qin period, the Book of Songs was called "The Book of Songs", or it was called "The Book of Songs 300" by integers. In the Western Han Dynasty, it was honored as a Confucian classic, formerly known as The Book of Songs, which has been in use ever since. The Book of Songs is divided into three parts: style, elegance and ode. "Wind" is a ballad of Zhou Dynasty. Elegant music is the official music of Zhou people, which is divided into harmony and elegance. Ode is a musical song used for sacrificial rites in Zhou and noble ancestral temples, which is divided into ode to, and ode to Shang.
Artistic achievements of The Book of Songs. Simple and natural artistic style
The works of The Book of Songs are mainly simple and natural realistic style, which mainly reflects real life and truthfully expresses thoughts and feelings. Whether it's poems that actively intervene in current politics, poems that express people's sufferings, or poems that come from life's love, marriage, farming and patriotism, most of them are close to reality, face life directly, reflect people's simple life and wishes, and are the natural expression of their thoughts and feelings. The works in The Book of Songs are rarely described in an illusory way, and the lyrical narration is very realistic, which produces a real and natural artistic effect and embodies the artistic spirit of realism.
Second, the expression of Fu, Bi and Xing
Regarding the meanings of Fu, Bi and Xing, Zhu explained: "Fu is also for those who tell the truth." "Compared with others, compare this thing with another thing." "Monkey, let the lyrics be sung first." Fu is a direct statement and description of things, for example, July is almost always described by Fu. Comparison is a metaphor, comparing things figuratively. For example, "Feng Wei Tells People" uses a series of metaphors to show its magnificence. Xing, that is, rising or beginning, is generally used at the beginning of a poem or a chapter of poetry. Write down the surrounding scenery in one or two sentences and draw out the object to sing. Xing can also play the role of association, symbol and contrast atmosphere. For example, "Nan Zhou Guanluo" describes the hero's longing for my fair lady with the chirping of blue pheasants.
Third, overlapping text structure and four-sentence structure
Repetition of chapters is a remarkable feature of the text structure of the works of The Book of Songs. The so-called repetition means that the words in several chapters of a poem are basically the same, only a few words are replaced in the corresponding positions of these chapters and sung repeatedly. This structure is easy to remember and sing, and has the function of strengthening lyricism. For example, Nan Zhou's Ephemera and Qin Feng's Jia Jian have such a structure. The sentence patterns of The Book of Songs are mostly four words and one sentence, but they can also be flexible according to needs, ranging from one word to eight characters.
Fourth, vivid language and harmonious rhythm.
First of all, verbs and adjectives are used accurately. Secondly, the flexible use of various figures of speech makes the works colorful. For example, "green, leisurely in my heart", replace the person I miss with "purple stripes", "Who says tea is bitter?" Surprisingly, its sweetness reflects the protagonist's painful mood. Third, the use of double phonology is very distinctive. Such as "uneven", "graceful" and "tossing and turning" to increase vividness and musicality, while "off" and "burning" are used to imitate sound and appearance, making sound and feeling perfect. Finally, there are many forms of rhyme in The Book of Songs, such as rhyming every other sentence, rhyming at the beginning of a sentence, rhyming at the end of a sentence, rhyming at the beginning of a sentence and so on.