This poem describes a horse that has good qualities but suffers from bad experiences. Writing about people and yourself using the technique of imitating objects is a kind of euphemistic writing method that "makes use of the theme".
The first sentence goes straight to the point, expresses the original intention, affirms and emphasizes that the poem represents an extraordinary good horse. The starting sentence is straight and doesn't really have much poetic flavor.
The second sentence "Fangxing is originally a star" seems to repeat the meaning of the first sentence at first glance. "Fangxing" refers to a horse. The sentence says that Fangxing was originally a star in the sky, which means that this horse is not an ordinary thing in the world. If the meaning of this sentence is limited to this, and is almost exactly the same as the first sentence, then it is guilty of duplication. There are only four sentences in the poem, the first sentence is mediocre, and the second sentence is repeated again, then half of the poem is boring and worthless. But if you chew it carefully, you will find that the second sentence has a new meaning, but the meaning is implicit and more obscure and tortuous. There is a passage in "Book of Jin? Astronomical Records": "The four stars of the house are also called Tiansi, which is a heavenly horse and the main driver. If the star of the house is bright, the king is bright." It directly connects the "star of the house" and the "king" It means that the situation of the horse is closely related to the light and darkness of the king and the chaos of the country. Since the quality of the horse is good but the misfortune is bad, then it is self-evident that the king is unknown and political affairs are ignored. This is a "penetration method" that uses twists and turns to make its actual meaning far exceed the literal meaning.
Describe the form and quality of the horse in three or four sentences. If the first two sentences are mainly about judgment and reasoning and lack vivid and vivid images, then the last two sentences are just the opposite. They are lifelike and express their ideas completely with the help of images. Li He writes poems and is good at capturing images. "Scenes that are hard to see are as if they are now." These two sentences are outstanding examples. "Skinny bones" describes the form, expressing the horse's situation; "Bronze sound" describes the quality, reflecting the horse's quality. The horse was emaciated and clearly in bad circumstances. In the eyes of ordinary people, it is just an exhausted ordinary horse. Only those who truly love horses and are good at reading horses will not treat it as an ordinary horse. "Knocking the thin bones forward, they still have the sound of copper." Even though it was in a bad situation and was beaten into disgrace, its bones still had the sound of copper. The word "copper sound" sounds thick and solemn when read, and has a three-dimensional feel. It also contains many meanings: the sound of copper is pleasant to the ear, indicating that the equipment is excellent, thus vividly showing the beautiful quality of the horse's strong bones, making the inner things appear audible, visible, sensible, and knowable. object image. "Quality" is originally very abstract, and "sound" is also relatively elusive. They are both "virtual" things. It is indeed not easy to write fiction with fiction and turn fiction into reality, but the poet did it in just five words. His visualization technique is so superb that it can be said that he has reached the level of proficiency. What is particularly valuable is that by writing about horses, the poem creates a profound artistic conception of the harmony between things and myself. The poet's talent was not found, and his situation was desolate, just like this skinny horse. When he wrote about horses, he was just euphemistically expressing the resentment pent up in his heart. (Zhu Shiying)
The sand in the desert is like snow, and the moon in Yanshan Mountain is like a hook.
How can I be a golden person and walk quickly through the clear autumn.
"Horse Poems" expresses the heroes' extraordinary talents, lofty ambitions, and untimely feelings and resentment by chanting, praising, or lamenting the fate of horses. The method of expression is analogous. However, this poem has unique meaning in the use of Bixing technique.
The first and second sentences show a distinctive frontier battlefield scenery. At first glance, it seems to be a metaphor: on the continuous ridges of Yanshan Mountain, a bright moon shines in the sky; the flat sand for thousands of miles looks like a pavement under the moonlight. A layer of white frost and snow. This battlefield scene may only feel sad and solemn to ordinary people, but it is unusually attractive to people who are determined to serve their country. "The moon in Yanshan resembles a hook" and "A jade bow hangs on the curtain with the dawn moon" (Part 6 of "South Garden") have the same ingenuity. The "hook" is a kind of scimitar, and both the "jade bow" and the "hook" are weapons. From the bright crescent moon When you think of the image of weapons, it also means thinking about fighting. The period of Zhenyuan and Yuanhe where the author lived was an era when the feudal town was extremely domineering, and the Jimen area of ??Youzhou hinted by "Yanshan" was the area where the feudal town was ravaged for the longest time and caused the most severe disasters, so the poetic meaning is Quite realistic. The intention of thinking about war is also targeted. The battlefield with smooth sand and snow is freezing, but it is a place where heroes can perform their duties. Therefore, the description of the scene in these two sentences is the beginning of the lyricism of the next two sentences, which is interesting and meaningful.
Three or four sentences use horses to express emotions: When can we put on the mighty saddle, gallop on the battlefield in the crisp autumn air, and make great achievements? One of the poems of "Horse Poetry" says: "There are iron coins on the dragon's back, and silver hooves are white on the smoke. No one is weaving brocade, who is going to forge a golden whip?" The lament of the two sentences "No one is weaving brocade" is the same as "How can I be a golden whip?" ” expresses the same meaning, which is to hope to treat a good horse as a good horse so that it can be used to great effect. "Golden Luo Nao", "Jin Xiu" and "Golden Whip" all belong to valuable saddlery, and they all symbolize the important use of the horse. Obviously, this is the neigh of the author who is eager to make achievements but is not appreciated.
This poem and "South Garden (Why Don't Men Wear Wu Hooks)" both describe the same eager desire to join the army, flatten feudal towns, and make contributions to the country. But "South Garden" expresses one's feelings directly, while this poem is allegorical or metaphorical. Expressing one's heart directly is more joyful and heartfelt; while using analogy, one feels the song is melodious and enjoyable. In the first and second sentences of the poem, snow is used to represent sand and hooks are used to represent the moon, which is also a metaphor; starting from a characteristic scenery to elicit lyrical feelings is also exciting. In just twenty words, there is interest in comparison and comparison in excitement, which greatly enriches the expressive power of the poem.
From a syntactic point of view, the last two sentences are in one go, starting with the question "where", which strongly conveys the meaning of infinite hope and sighing; and the three words "Stepping into the Qingqiu" have a sonorous tone and novel combination of words. The grass in "Qingqiu" is yellow and the horse is fat, just in time for galloping. The word "go fast" is used to express the light and vigorous grace of the horse. It is exactly "There is no open space in the direction, which is worthy of life and death. With such a gallop, it can run thousands of miles." "(Du Fu's "Fang Bing Cao Hu Ma"). Therefore, the exercise of words and sentences is also a successful factor that cannot be ignored in the artistic expression of this poem. (Zhou Xiaotian)
Emperor Wu loved immortals and burned gold to get purple smoke.
The stables are full of meat horses, and they can’t help but reach the sky.
This is an interesting satirical sketch. The poet draws on the past to describe the present, using humorous and pungent pen and ink to express serious and profound themes.
The first two sentences describe the story of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty refining elixirs to seek immortality. Emperor Wu wanted to live forever, so he ordered alchemists to refine dansha into gold for consumption, which cost a lot of money. What was the result? All you get is a wisp of purple smoke. The word "de" may seem ordinary, but it has great weight. It ruthlessly criticized and bitterly ridiculed the absurd behavior of making alchemy and seeking immortality, which is why it is so wonderful as "one word of praise or criticism".
The last two sentences describe horses, closely following the title of the poem. "There are all meat horses in the stables, but they can't reach the sky." Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, who was eager to ascend to immortality, did not raise Pegasus horses that could "fly in the clouds" and "catch the wind", but let the useless "meat horses" Fill the stables. "Meat horse" is used to describe a mediocre and inferior horse, which is very accurate. Because they are "royal horses", they have excellent food and accommodation conditions, and they are all fed to make them fat and bulky. It is difficult for such a horse to run on the ground, how can it be ridden into the sky! These two sentences have a profound meaning. In addition to implying the disillusionment of Emperor Wu's dream of seeking a clear sky on a horse, it also implies that the talented and knowledgeable people at that time were abandoned, while the mediocre and incompetent people were promoted one by one, occupied high positions, and crowded the court.
Let me ask: How can we rely on these people to make the country prosperous and realize the political ideal of Qingming? This poem concentratedly satirizes the superstition and fatuousness of the supreme ruler at that time, and used inhumane methods. It is full of cleverness and rich in meaning, and it comes out with "laughter". Reading it makes people feel relaxed and refreshing, which is very common in Li He's works. Rare