Hu Shi once said in the Book of Songs: "Guan Ju is a courtship poem. If you can't get what you want, you sleep and think, toss and turn, and describe your own lovesickness; He seduced women by various means, played the lute with his friends, and played the bell and drum happily, which was completely a social custom in the early Republic of China, and nothing unusual. In Italy and Spain, so far, there are several places where men play the piano and sing under women's windows to please women. ?
Liu Dabai said in the White House Poetry Collection: It is a wedding song, because in the fourth and fifth chapters, there are? Friends of the harp? Bell and drum music? If there is, it seems to be after marriage, so there is this saying. In fact, this is the imagination preparation of the poet who has a crush on him; And this poem is just a love song. ?
In the eyes of Hu Shi and Mr. Liu Dabai, Guan Ju is a love poem. The difference is that Hu Shi thinks it is a person who plays drums with a piano? Seduce women. Liu Dabai thinks this is actually the beauty of a unrequited love poet? Imagine? That's all. Our understanding of Guanju today is basically along this line of thinking and regards it as a love poem. A man fell in love with a beautiful woman, and then he tossed and turned as if she were the only one in the world. A man has done his best to win a woman's heart. Bell and drum music? 、? Friends of the harp? . In our eyes, this poem is so picturesque that many people even imagine it as a scene of first love. But what is the truth? Is this poem really about love? For this question, let's not give an answer first and see how the ancients understood it.
We always find it difficult to read ancient books today. What's it about?
First, because of the distance of time, our written expression has changed. From classical Chinese to vernacular Chinese, we can't understand the original meaning of many words.
Second, our life world has changed. The ancients faced a complete world, and we faced a divided world.
The way of life of the ancients was very simple, and they could face heaven and earth directly. We can't. Our perception of the whole world has weakened. These two reasons lead us to be alienated from the ancients and unable to understand their life world, thoughts and feelings. Croce said? All history is contemporary history? People in the Ming Dynasty painted pictures in the pre-Qin period, thinking that they were sitting on chairs, but in fact people in the pre-Qin period were sitting on mats. This shows that when we understand ancient times, we will always unconsciously merge with today's vision.
In our view today, love is a very beautiful value, the so-called? Life is precious, but love is more expensive? . But in the eyes of the ancients? Parents who are physically injured dare not hurt, and filial piety begins. ? In the eyes of the ancients, love is not so important, only the blood relationship between parents, that is, affection, is the most important. Therefore, it is inconceivable for a person to put the love between men and women above the affection for parents, and may even think that only animals can do such a thing.
The reason why we admire love today is that since the Enlightenment, people's lust has awakened. But it also leads to a drawback, that is, when we understand the ancients, as long as men and women are involved, we will understand it as love. If not, it is not normal.
In fact, only when we make full use of our own rationality and read the text carefully will we find that this is not a love poem at all, at least not between ordinary people. There are three points to prove.
First, in the pre-Qin period, lyre and bell and drum were only available to nobles, but ordinary people had never heard of them. How can they take them? How about seducing that woman?
Second, bells and drums, often chimes. As far as the bells of Zeng Houyi unearthed now are concerned, they weigh 2567 kilograms. If a man plays in front of a woman with such a heavy chime in order to please her, what is it? At the end of my rope, complaining about others? Xiang Yu is also impossible, right?
Three talents are the most deadly. Hare, harp, bell and drum are not ordinary playing instruments. They all play elegant music, which can only be used during sacrifices. So Zheng Xuan explained? Hare? :? Use it for big sacrifices and music in the room? Say it again? Harp in the hall, bell and drum in the court, saying * * * leek, top-down music, is also a grand ceremony. ? No matter how you look at this painting style, it doesn't conform to our today's boys playing in front of girls with guitars, so we can basically deny that this is a love poem.
We think it is a love poem because it focuses on literature and is pregnant with meaning. We understand a gentleman and a lady as a perfect match, completely ignoring the derivation and evolution of words in the process of historical development.