The full text of Pipa Xing
Author Bai Juyi, Tang Dynasty,
In the evening, I bid farewell to a guest on Xunyang River. Maple leaves and mature rushes rustle in autumn. I, the host, have dismounted, my guest has boarded his boat, and we raise our cups, hoping to drink-but, alas, there is no music. Although we drank a lot of wine, we were not happy. When we were leaving each other, the river mysteriously widened in the direction of the full moon.
We heard a sudden sound, a guitar crossed the water, the host forgot to go home and the guests left. We followed the melody, asked the player's name, and the voice was interrupted ... and then she reluctantly answered. We moved the boat closer to hers, invited her to join us, and summoned more wine and lanterns to start our party again. However, before she came to us, we called a thousand times and urged her for a thousand times, but she still hid half of her face behind her guitar from us. ... she turned the tuning pin and tested several strings, and even before she played, we could feel her feelings. Every string is a kind of meditation, and every note is a kind of deep thinking, as if she were telling us the pain of her life. She frowned, bent her fingers, and then started her music, letting her heart share everything with us bit by bit. She brushes the strings, twists them slowly, sweeps them and plucks them, first "Nishang" and then "Six Yao". Big strings hum like rain, and small strings whisper like secrets. Humming, whispering-and then mixing together, like pouring large and small pearls into a plate of jade. Between Guan Ying's words, the bottom of the flower is slippery, so you can't swallow the spring scenery and flow under the ice. The ice spring is cold and astringent, and the strings condense, and the condensation will never stop. The depth of sadness and the hiding of sadness are more told in silence than in voice. A silver vase suddenly burst, pouring out a stream of water, jumping out of the conflict and blow between armored horses and weapons. Before she put down the pick, her stroke was over, and all four strings made a sound, just like tearing silk. The east ship was silent, and the west ship was silent. We saw the white autumn moon entering the river.
She tied it thoughtfully on the rope, stood up and smoothed her clothes, serious and polite. Tell us how she spent her girlhood in the capital and lived in her parents' house in Toad Hill. She mastered the guitar at the age of thirteen, and her name ranked first in the list of musicians. Her art even attracted the appreciation of experts, and her beauty attracted the envy of all major dancers. How did the aristocratic youths in Wuling compete generously? Countless red silks were given to a song. The silver comb inlaid with shells was broken by her rhythm, and the bloody skirt was stained with wine. Season after season, joy followed, and neither the autumn moon nor the spring breeze attracted her attention. Until her brother went to war, and then her aunt died, and the night passed, and the night came, and her beauty disappeared. Lengma was at the door, so at last she gave her wife to a businessman. Who, first of all, stole money, accidentally left her and went to Fuliang to buy tea a month ago. She has been taking care of an empty boat in the estuary, with no companions except the bright moon and cold water. Sometimes in the middle of the night, she dreams of her victory and is awakened from her dream by her hot tears.
Her first guitar note made me sigh. Now, after listening to her story, I feel even sadder. We were all unhappy until the end of the day, when we met. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? ! A year ago, I left the capital and came here. Now I am a sick Jiujiang exile. Jiujiang is so far away that I haven't heard music, neither strings nor bamboo sounds for a whole year. My residence is near the town by the river, low and humid, and the house is surrounded by bitter reeds and yellow rushes. What can you hear here in the morning and evening? ? The cuckoo's bleeding cry, the ape's sobbing. I often pick up the wine and drink it alone in the spring morning with flowers and the autumn night with moonlight shining. Of course, there are folk songs and bagpipes in the village, but they are rough and harsh, and they are harsh in my ears. Tonight, when I heard you playing the guitar, I felt that my hearing was illuminated by wonderful music. Don't leave us. Come, sit down. Play it for us again. Translate the travel notes of pipa for you. ... she was moved by my words, stood there for a while, and then sat down to play her strings-they sounded even sadder. Although the tune was different from what she had played before, all the listeners covered their faces. But which of them cried the most? ? This Jiujiang official. My blue sleeves are wet.
Appreciation of Pipa Xing This poem was written by the poet Yuan He when he was demoted to Sima in Jiangzhou in the autumn of the tenth year (AD 8 16). This poem reveals all kinds of unreasonable phenomena in feudal society by describing the superb playing skills and unfortunate experiences of the pipa girl, expressing the poet's deep sympathy for her and the poet's resentment at being demoted for no reason.
The preface explains the reasons for writing. In the tenth year of Yuanhe (AD 8 15), the poet was demoted to Sima of Jiujiang County. The next year, Fujian was full of wind and rain. Knowing the pipa girl, because I sympathize with her unfortunate experience, I also feel that she is a human victim, so I wrote this poem as a gift.
From seeing off guests at night on Xunyang River to We See the White Autumn Moon Entering the Heart of the River: Describe the regret of not being happy at the farewell banquet, invite businesswomen to play the pipa, describe the timbre of the pipa in detail, and strive to shape the image of the pipa girl. The first sentence explains the place, time, people and events, which could have set off the environment. The bleakness of the Farewell Banquet and the mystery of The Full Moon by the River made the pipa sound produce excellent effects. A series of actions such as "seeking the sound", "asking in secret", "moving the boat" and "inviting to see" show that the poet took the initiative to get to know the pipa girl. Pipa girls are called "We called them a thousand times before she started coming to us" because they suffered setbacks in life. Through the description of pipa timbre, the superb playing skills of pipa women are displayed. Tap the strings with your fingers, knead the strings (twist) with your fingers, pluck (wipe) conveniently, and pluck back (pick) with your backhand, which is skillful and natural. The thick string is heavy and majestic like a shower, the thin string is finely divided like a whisper, and it is crisp and round like a pearl the size of a jade plate. It is depicted from the perspective of vision and hearing. "With deep sorrow and hidden lament, silence is better than sound", which vividly depicts the artistic realm with lingering sound and endless meaning. The application of "the east ship is quiet, and the west ship is quiet" has set off the appeal of the pipa sound and included the ups and downs of the pipa girl.
From "meditation" to "being awakened from a dream by her hot tears": The poet tells the life story on behalf of the merchant woman, and the experience from the girl to the merchant woman is like the agitation and silence of the pipa. The first two sentences complete the transition, and the actions of "trying to figure out", "correcting" and "getting up" specifically depict the psychological activities of pipa girls to overcome their inferiority. The words below "soliloquize" take care of the above words "let her heart share everything with us bit by bit", and complete the shaping of the image of pipa girl. From "her first guitar note made me sigh" to "this Jiujiang official" My blue sleeves are wet ",and the poet's sadness and the pain of being relegated caused the feeling that" we are all unhappy-we meet each other forever ". We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? ",he can't help but tell his own experience. Both poets and pipa girls have fallen from the bustling Kyoto to this remote place. The poet's sympathy is full of sighing about his misfortune, and the pipa sound of "complaining about his life and failing to succeed" also shows the poet's grievances.
The language of this poem is graceful and euphemistic, combining feelings and imagination, and using a series of metaphors to describe the timbre of the pipa, which is particularly vivid. Express sincere feelings with realistic words.
Author's brief introduction Bai Juyi (772 ~ 846), Han nationality, the word Letian, also known as Xiangshan layman in his later years, was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty in China. He is a famous poet and writer with far-reaching influence in the history of China literature. His poems have a wide range of themes, diverse forms and popular language, and are known as "Poet Saint" and "Poet King". Official to Hanlin bachelor, Zuo Zanshan doctor. Up to now, there are Bai's "Changqing Collection", and the representative works include Song of Eternal Sorrow, Charcoal Man, Pipa Travel and so on.