The most beautiful Shanxi·Culture
(Guo Pu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty)
The jade plays with the orchid, and the appearance is more distinct.
Pothos grows tall in the forest, and the mountain is covered with a blanket.
There is a silent man among them, quietly whistling and stroking the clear strings.
Let your love fly outside the sky, chew pistils and drink from flying springs.
The red pine trees come to the upper reaches, and the red pine trees ride on the purple smoke.
The left hand pats the Fuqiu sleeve and the right hand pats the Hongya shoulder.
If I ask the generation of mayflies, I would rather know that it is the Year of the Turtle and the Crane.
By describing the hermit's habitat in the mountains and forests and his company with immortals, this poem expresses his contempt for those who pursue fame and wealth and his yearning for a quiet and comfortable life.
Chen Yi once said: "Guo Pu's dangerous conception and sophisticated language are all derived from this. Du and Li all took this from the small mountains of Huainan." ("Poem Book") The strange and ingenious conception and sophisticated wording are the characteristics of Guo's poetry, so the thoughts in the poem are very ingenious. The first four sentences describe the scenery, trying their best to describe a quiet and bright scene, which is in line with the romantic tone of the whole poem. The various activities of the recluse are described in the middle, and his free and unrestrained life is fully described. It goes on to say that they go to heaven and earth and roam with the immortals. Finally, I lamented that ordinary people in the world do not know the happiness of the hermit. The whole poem flows with one flow, galloping imagination, so later generations thought that "Jing Chun's "You Immortal" is the same as Qu Zi's "Yuan You"" (He Zhuo's "Yimen Reading Notes"), and pointed out Guo Pu's "You Immortal Poems" " is similar to Qu Yuan's "Yuan Yuan", which not only shows that they both have a deep feeling for reality, but also the weirdness of imagination in their expression and the exquisiteness of conception are also universal. Therefore, Chen Yi once said "Poems of Traveling Immortals" is "originally from the hills of Huainan". As for the precision of the language in describing the scenery in this poem, the vivid colors are also clearly visible. For example, the description of the mountain scenery in the four sentences "Emerald" is extremely typical and skillful. Another example is the description of the hermit's life and travels. There are also wonderful words and phrases. For example, the sentence "chewing pistils and flying oars" was originally derived from the two sentences "hungry Qiong pistils, thirsty to drink from flying springs" in Cao Pi's "Dian Lun". The artistic conception of the two sentences in the first poem of "The Poems of Youxian", "Linyuan is sweeping the clear waves, and Linggang is spreading the red grass and catkins" is similar. However, here the two sentences are combined into one sentence, new words are recast, and the words are changed based on the meaning, which expresses The poet's ability to control language. Another example is "Pull the sleeves of the floating hill on the left, pat the shoulders of the Hongya with the right", which also expresses the hermit's heroic spirit of traveling with the immortals with great courage. "Pull the sleeves" and "pat the shoulders" are common words, but with the immortals The connection is infinitely interesting and can turn decay into magic. This style of constructing words had a great influence on the poetry of later generations. For example, Xie Lingyun, Xie Zao and some great poets of the Tang Dynasty all drew nourishment from the expression method of "The Poems of Youxian", thus cultivating and enriching their poetry. own artistic style.
?