Climbing is a common theme in ancient poetry, and linking climbing with literature began with Confucius. Confucius said, "A gentleman must be endowed with something when he climbs high." Climb high, see far, see far, think deep. Throughout the ages, literati and politicians like to climb high and look far, express their lingering thoughts, or wander about homesickness, or aspire to the top, or lament the literati. ......
? Read the poem Up the Mountain, walk into the poet's emotional world, and experience the deep affection contained in it.
? The mode of "three belts and three belts" was chosen in Gordon's poems.
? The first three are the three ancient poems in Lesson 20: Chen Ziang's On the Tower of Youzhou, Du Fu's Looking at Yue and Wang Anshi's Coming from Deng Fei. In these three poems, we understand the behavioral image of "climbing" and the feelings expressed by the poet when climbing. The guiding steps of these three poems: first, read the poems and read out the differences of their genres; Second, refer to poetry and its writing background; Third, taste poetry, taste what you want and think.
? The second "three" refers to three poems with the theme of climbing after class, namely: Climbing Yueyang Tower in Twelve Summers by Li Bai, Climbing Yueyang Tower by Du Fu, and Thinking of My Shandong Brothers in Mountain Holiday by Wang Wei.
This group of poems focuses on integrating the first three poems and adding the last three poems as a supplement. Judging from the author's life years, there are Tang and Song Dynasties. Chen Ziang, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty; Wang Wei, a poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Du Fu and Li Bai, who experienced an Anshi rebellion, and Wang Anshi, a poet in the Song Dynasty. Represented by romantic poets, realistic poets and pastoral poets respectively. In terms of genre, there are ancient poems, modern poems, metrical poems and quatrains.
? In short, through this group poetry teaching, I hope that students can understand the cultural phenomenon of "climbing high and looking far, cherishing the future", appreciate this kind of poetry and appreciate the deep affection of literati and politicians.
Teaching process:
First, import:
? "Climbing high and looking far" is a common theme in ancient Chinese poetry. Please recall what poems we have learned about climbing. Let's recite it together (Students recite)
? Today, we will discuss the characteristics of this kind of poetry in this class. For example, why do poets climb mountains? Where do you choose to climb? What did you see when you climbed the mountain? What emotions are expressed? How do you express your feelings?
Second, read poems to distinguish genres.
1. Please read it with Wang Yue and Deng Fei Laifeng on the Youzhou Tower. What are the genres of these three poems?
1 original reading;
Genre discrimination: Youzhou Tower is an ancient poem; "Looking at Yue" and "Climbing the Peak" are modern poems, the former is a regular poem and the latter is a quatrain.
(3) Review: four-character poems, first couplet, parallel couplet, neck couplet and tail couplet. The two couplets in the middle must rhyme, and the beginning and end can be pledged or not.
2. Read three more poems to determine the genre.
Qing dynasty: the poem "Climbing Yueyang Tower in Twelve Summers", the poem "Climbing Yueyang Tower" and the quatrains of "Thinking of My Shandong Brothers in Mountain Holiday".
? Third, check poetry, background and author.
1. Look at the notes on the right side of the textbook and the relevant materials of classical Chinese in junior high school.
2. Student show, say the background, say the author.
3. Teacher supplement
Chen Ziang (66 1-702), born in Shehong, Zizhou (now Sichuan), was a poet and writer in the early Tang Dynasty. At the age of 24, he was already a scholar and generous to Ren Xia. The above book was appreciated by Wu Zetian. Later, he was imprisoned for "anti-party" against Wuhou. Joined the army twice at the age of 26 and 36. This poem was written in 696 AD (at the age of 35). When Wu Zetian was in power, he ordered the building to conquer the Khitan, and Chen Ziang was appointed as the right staff officer. Wu Youyi was short of generals and defeated. Chen Ziang's repeated suggestions were not adopted, and he was reduced to sergeant. Depressed and angry, Chen Ziang boarded the Youzhou Platform established by Yan Zhaowang during the Warring States Period, and recruited wise men, and wrote this song "On Youzhou Tower".
? Du Fu (7 12-770) was born in Gongxian County (now Gongxian County, Henan Province). He was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, and was honored as a "poet saint" by the world. His poems truly and profoundly reflect the historical features of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, so they are called "the history of poetry". Representative works include Spring Hope, Three Officials (Shi Haoguan, Xin 'an Official, Tongguan Official) and Three Farewells (Newly Married, Resigned, Homeless). This poem was written in 736 (when the poet was 24 years old), and Du Fu wrote it when Qi and Zhao wandered.
? Wang Anshi (102 1- 1086), a native of Linchuan, Jiangxi Province (now Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province), was a statesman, writer and thinker in the Northern Song Dynasty, and was one of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties. This poem was written in 1047. The poet was 26 years old and entered high school in 1042.
Fourth, taste poetry, taste the hope and feeling of climbing high.
(A) Appreciation of Youzhou Tower
1. Read "Youzhou Tower" and think about what kind of rhythm and tone to read. Let's have a try.
2. Read and try to understand.
Qing: The rhythm is slow and the tone is sad.
3. Where did Chen Ziang climb the mountain?
Qing: Youzhoutai
Supplement: Youzhou Taiwan allusions. It was built by Yan Zhaowang in the Warring States Period to recruit talents. Although the poet is in Youzhoutai, a wise gentleman like Yan Zhaowang is hard to meet, which hurts the present and arouses the poet's infinite emotion.
Read it again in a slow rhythm and sad tone. Think about Chen Ziang and other Youzhou stations. What do you hope to see?
Qing dynasty: the ancients, newcomers, and the world.
"Ancient people": refers to Corporal Li Xian, the immortal monarch of ancient times;
"Newcomer" refers to a wise monarch who values talents.
"Dragon World": vast, Qingyuan and vast.
5. What reverie did the poet's visit to Youzhou Taiwan cause?
The ideal "ancients" and "newcomers" in the poet's mind are gone, and what he sees is only a vast world that lasts forever. The vastness of time and space contrasts with the moment of life, and I can't help crying when I think that I haven't met my master and talent.
Poetry: On the platform of Youzhou, the poet laments the shortness of life and expresses his loneliness and indignation through the vastness of heaven and earth.
Summary: Life is short, nine times out of ten, we should climb high and look far.
(B) Appreciation of "Looking at Yue"
1. The poet was in high spirits when he was young, wandering around the world, waiting for time to fly. When I came to Qilu and saw Mount Tai, the head of the Five Mountains, what kind of lofty sentiments did the poet express?
Read poetry and experience poetry.
2. Read poetry for the second time and climb the mountain to see Yue. What did you see?
The first couplet: overlooking Mount Tai.
By means of questioning and exaggeration, this paper describes the vast area of Mount Tai, shows the image of Mount Tai rising from the ground and towering, and highlights the characteristics of its vastness and height.
Zhuan Xu: Looking near Mount Tai. (static)
The last sentence shows the magic and beauty of Mount Tai with anthropomorphic techniques and virtual pens.
The next sentence highlights the towering Mount Tai in an exaggerated way, which is the real writing.
Necklace: Looking at Mount Tai. (mobile)
Grasping the "clouds" and "birds" shows the shock of the soul and the broadening of the horizon, and expresses the poet's love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland.
Tail couplet: the mountains are getting smaller when you climb high and look far.
Climbing to the top of the mountain, I saw the majestic and beautiful Mount Tai.
3. Read the poem three times and climb the mountain to look at the Yue. What did the poet express?
Clarity: This will be crucial. All the other mountains are dwarfed under the sky ... (the main sentence of this poem)
Analysis: Standing high, really seeing far. With the famous saying "Wait for Mount Tai, the world is small".
The implication is profound: it shows the poet's determination and heroism to climb the peak of Mount Tai, and expresses the poet's great ambition to make progress and climb the peak bravely.
Summary: young and promising, high-spirited, you should climb high to send lofty sentiments.
(3) Appreciation of Dengfeilaifeng
1, read poetry and experience poetry.
2. Read poetry for the second time and climb Feilai Peak. What did you see on Feilai Peak?
Clear: Chihiro Tower, the rising sun in Ran Ran, Ran Ran.
Image characteristics: high and new, representing hope.
At this time, Wang Anshi was a scholar in high school, young and promising, with high spirits. Seeing this situation, I have some feelings.
3. Read the poem three times and experience the feelings.
Qing: I am not afraid of clouds and fog, I am the highest realm.
Appreciation: "Floating clouds" is a metaphor for traitors. These two sentences show the poet's courage and confidence in being far-sighted and not afraid of evil in politics.
Idea: people should not be afraid of immediate difficulties, but look at the overall situation and the long term.
Summary: Talented and ambitious people will definitely aspire to be ambitious.
(4) Integrating poetry
? "Mountain climbing" is a far-reaching behavior and is called "behavior image". The poet expresses the block in his chest through the behavioral image of climbing a mountain.
5. Next, let's take a look at some works that look far and cherish the future.
Climb Yueyang Tower with Xia Twelve? Climbing Yueyang Tower
Du Fu of Tang Libaitang
Climb the Yueyang Tower and overlook the Yangtze River until you reach the open Dongting Lake. ? I heard that Dongting Lake is magnificent before, but today's wish has finally reached Yueyang Tower.
It breaks my heart to see geese flying south, and the distant mountains are in the title of a good month. ? The vast lake tore Wu Chu apart, as if the sun, moon and stars were floating in the water.
On the upper floor of the sky, stay in the chair and upload a glass of wine from the sky. ? There is no news from my friends or relatives. I am old and sick, drifting in a boat.
Finally, the cool breeze came up and made people dance wildly. ? The battle of the north gate began again, and I cried through the railing.
1. Going to the same place, different people see and think differently. Read poems and think about what Du Fu and Li Bai saw and thought when they boarded Yueyang Tower.
(1) Analysis: Li Bai's poem (70 1-762) was written in the autumn of 759, and Li Bai's "Encounter Forgive" was written when Jiangxia visited Dongting in the south. When the poet was 58 years old,
The first link: climb Yueyang Tower and have a panoramic view of Dongting. Distant mountains, lush and majestic; The cave is vast. Zhuan Xu: Go upstairs and look at the sky. Hongyan flies south, bringing sorrow; At sunrise in Dongshan, everything is affectionate. Necklace: The building is extremely high. The words "Lian" and "Jie" use exaggerated brushwork to express the joy of the banquet and highlight the happy mood. Tail couplet: writing about the joy of banquet. Dancing after getting drunk.
Conclusion: Time has changed, and we should also climb high and look far to express the joy of the poet after he was released.
⑵ Analysis: Du Fu (7 12-770), this poem was written in 768. The poet left Chongqing and went to Yueyang, and boarded the Yueyang Tower, which he had been longing for for for a long time. At this time, the poet was only two years away from the end of his life. He is in a difficult situation, miserable, old and weak. Looking at Dongting Lake in the porch, he is deeply touched.
The first link: first tell the past and present. It is inevitable that Yueyang Tower, which has been admired for a long time, will finally meet.
Zhuan Xu: Write about the beautiful scenery of Dongting.
Necklace: Write down your situation. I've been politically bumpy all my life, wandering around the world and having no talent.
Tail to tail: I'm worried about the border defense and the world.
Summary: Even though my life has been hard and stormy, my hero is ambitious and never forgets to worry about the world.
2. Optimistic poets climb high and look far, hoping for joy; Realistic poets ascend to send their feelings of home and country. Wang Wei, an idyllic poet who is uncontested in the world, climbed high to send homesickness.
Vacation in the mountains reminds me of my brothers in Shandong.
I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays.
When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me.
1, writing background. This word was written by Wang Wei when he was seventeen. The poet wandered between Luoyang and Chang 'an. He is Zhou Pu (now a native of Yongji, Shandong Province), and Zhou Pu is in the east of Huashan Mountain, so he calls his hometown brothers Shandong brothers. September 9th is the Double Ninth Festival, and Evodia rutaecarpa (an aromatic plant) has the custom of climbing to ward off evil spirits and sticking its head out.
2. Analysis:
One or two sentences: objective narration, thinking of relatives on holidays.
Three or four sentences: direct lyric, dogwood, one less person. They'll miss me.
Summary: Wandering away from home, climbing high and looking far, missing relatives.
? Throughout the ages, people with lofty ideals, gifted scholars and politicians, full of sorrow and lofty sentiments, are scattered in China's famous mountains and rivers, places of interest and historical sites.
When I was young, I climbed high to express my lofty sentiments;
When I am old, I climb high and look far, mourning unceasingly.
Scholars climb mountains and express their talents and sorrows;
Politicians climb mountains to express their lofty aspirations.
A wanderer can express his homesickness by climbing high.
Ask about life, how to solve worries?
Answer: Only climb high.