Lu you
Lying in a remote village, I don't feel sorry for myself, but I still want to defend the wheel platform for my country.
Lying at night listening to the wind and rain, iron horse glacier dream.
[Appreciation]:
During the Southern Song Dynasty, Lu You, who was also known as the "Four Masters of Zhongxing" with Yang Wanli, Fan Chengda and You Mao, had many poems expressing his feelings for the elderly in his 85-volume Poems on Jiannan, and the Storm on November 4th (Volume II) was one of them.
This poem was written in the third year of Shaoxi in Song Guangzong (A.D. 1 192), when the poet was 67 years old and lived in his hometown of Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). There are two original poems, and the second one is chosen here. Compared with other poets' poems about the aged, this poem is unique in writing. Its main feature is to express feelings in dreams. Du Fu's poem "Two Dreams of Li Bai" describes the poet's dream of parting and friendship with Li Baixing. Su Shi's poem Jiangchengzi (Ten Years of Life and Death) describes the poet's dream of mourning his dead wife. The dreams in Lu You's poems are mostly patriotic dreams. There are nearly 100 poems about dreams in Lu You's "Jian Nan Poetry Draft". In the Qing Dynasty, Zhao Yi once commented on Lu You's poems: "That is, if you remember a dream, you will remember it." There must be untitled poems, so I entrust them to dreams. "This commentary thinks that Lu You's poems and dreams are not all portrait dreams, and some belong to dreams and dreams. This is quite insightful In fact, some of Lu You's poems and dreams are portrait dreams, and more are dreams and dreams. Of course, it does not rule out both. This song 1 1 The Storm on the 4th of April seems to be both a portrait dream and a dream.
The first three sentences of this poem are about the cause of dreams. "Stubby": Lying still. Lonely Village: A deserted village. "Luntai": the place name of the Western Regions in the Han Dynasty, that is, luntai county, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region today; This poem generally refers to important border towns. It has three levels. First, the premise of dreams is "stiff lying" and "midnight". As the saying goes, "think about it day and night, and dream at night." Only when the poet is concerned about the country and people during the day will he sleep and dream in bed at night, but if he is not "stiff" or "midnight", it is impossible to dream. Therefore, "stiff lying down" and "midnight" are prerequisites for dreams. Secondly, the subjective factor of the dream is "thinking about keeping the wheel platform for the country". If the poet does not have the feelings of defending the country, there can be no "Iron Horse Glacier Dream". Third, the external condition of dreams is "wind and rain". It can be said that it is windy and rainy.
The last sentence, writing dreams, is different from the poet's poem about dreams. This poem about dreams is unique. After the dream leads to the dream of "Iron Horse Glacier", the whole poem comes to an abrupt end, leaving more room for association and imagination. People can imagine according to this dream, and specifically imagine how the poet rode on the battlefield with armor and weapons, and killed the enemy heroically.
Thus, the perfect unity of ideology and artistry makes this poem one of Lu You's masterpieces, and also one of all China's ancient poems, including mourning poems.