The five-character quatrain of White Dew is as follows:
The first poem
The dew is white when the wind is cool, and the osmanthus is fragrant when the frost is cold.
The flowers are resting under the moonlight, and several households in the countryside are busy.
One leaf of the mountain maple is purple, and the ears of grain are all yellow in the field.
The closer the Mid-Autumn Festival is, the longer the nights of lovesickness become.
The second song
The white dew sends Xuan Shuang, and the morning greets the rising sun.
The mountains look dark when viewed from a distance, and the valley leaves turn yellow when viewed up close.
The sky is thousands of miles blue, and the pond and river are cold all night.
The smoke from the tiled houses rises, and the black birds fly low.
The third song
It is the White Dew Festival, and the temperature difference between day and night tickles.
The sky is bright and clear in autumn, and I am surprised to see the cinnamon pottery.
The red grain is ripe when drunk, and the golden grain is surging.
The wild geese migrate south, and the black birds prepare their food.
The fourth song
Autumn insects are frightening on a moonlit night, and the fluffy grass is covered with morning frost.
Xizhu Jianjia is white, Dongli Shouke is yellow.
The long wind blows at the wild geese, and the fallen leaves cover the lotus pond.
While watching the changes, I invite you to smell the fragrance of cinnamon.
The fifth poem
The season eliminates the remaining heat, and the yin and earth are cool.
The condensation is white tonight, and the green leaves are yellow every day.
The twitching of the bamboo scares the nesting birds, and the roar of the insects breaks the intestines of the guests.
When I first realized that people were alive, the grass and trees were covered with frost in autumn.
Expansion:
The meaning of Bailu: autumn dew; one of the twenty-four solar terms.
1. The origin of white dew
White dew has basically ended the sultry heat of summer, the weather is gradually getting cooler, and dew condenses in the cold. The ancients matched the four seasons with the five elements. Autumn belongs to gold, and gold is white. White is used to describe autumn dew, hence the name "Bai Lu".
2. Bailu meteorological changes
After entering the Bailu solar term, the summer monsoon is gradually replaced by the winter monsoon, and the cold air moves southward more and more frequently. In addition, the position of the sun directly hitting the ground moves southward, and the northern hemisphere The sunshine time becomes shorter, the sunshine intensity weakens, it is often clear and cloudy at night, and the ground radiation heat dissipates quickly, so the temperature drop gradually accelerates. There is a saying that "the autumn equinox night is white with dew, and the night is cooler."
After the white dew, the temperature difference between day and night gradually widens. Although the temperature is higher at noon during the day, there is a slight chill in the morning and night.
According to the standard of "climate average temperature" proposed by modern scholar Zhang Baokun to divide the four seasons, the period when the climatic average temperature is 10-22℃ is spring or autumn. According to this standard, starting from the Bailu solar term, various places have begun to enter. to autumn. At this time, the temperature difference between day and night in various parts of China can reach 8℃-16℃, so Bailu is a solar term with a large temperature difference in the year.
Traditional customs about Bailu
1. Collecting clear dew
Chinese people have the custom of "collecting clear dew" during the Bailu solar term. Li Shizhen's "Collecting Clear Dew" in the Ming Dynasty It is recorded in "Compendium of Materia Medica": "When the autumn dew is heavy, collect it in a plate and fry it like glutinous rice, which will make people live longer and not hungry." It is light but not hungry, and the muscles are pleasant. "The dew of flowers makes people happy." Therefore, collecting clear dew has become the most special "ritual" of white dew.
2. Drink Bailu tea
Bailu tea is tea picked during the Bailu season. There is a folk saying that "spring tea is bitter, summer tea is astringent, drink tea with autumn Bailu". At this time, the tea tree has gone through the scorching heat of summer, and it is another good growth period for it before and after the white dew.
White dew tea is not as fresh and tender as spring tea, and it is not as dry and bitter as summer tea. It has a bit of over-the-top flavor and feels just right. After taking a sip, your lips and teeth will be filled with a sweet and mellow taste, which is deeply loved by seasoned tea drinkers.
3. Sip rice wine
The Xingning, Sandu and Liaojiang areas in Zixing, Hunan have always had the custom of making wine. Every year when the White Dew Festival comes, every family makes wine and must drink "local wine" when entertaining guests. The wine is made from glutinous rice, sorghum and other grains. It is warm, hot and slightly sweet, and is called "Bailu rice wine".
4. Sacrifice to King Yu
People living by Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province will offer sacrifices to King Yu during the white dew season. King Yu is the legendary flood control hero Dayu. The fishermen on the shores of Taihu Lake call him the "Waterway Bodhisattva". Every year on the eighth day of the first lunar month, the Qingming Festival, the seventh day of July and the Bailu season, incense fairs to honor King Yu will be held on the shores of Taihu Lake in Jiangsu. Among them, the Qingming Festival, Bailu Spring and Autumn Festival are the largest and last for a week.