Tao Yuanming was a great poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and one of the most accomplished poets in the history of China. Su Dongpo of Song Dynasty commented on Tao Yuanming's poems, saying, "His poems are rich in quality and rich in substance." It means that the style of Tao Yuanming's poems is plain and prosperous, thin and plump. It can be said that the style of Tao poetry is accurately summarized.
1. Tao Yuanming's philosophy of life:
Being in the form of a shadow, being in the spirit, being able to explain
Great Jun is selfless, and everything is self-motivated.
people are among the three talents, so don't you take me as your reason!
Although you and Jun are foreign, you are born attached to each other.
I like the same thing, but I'm not comfortable with it!
Great Sage of san huang, where is Jin Fu?
Peng Zu loves Yongnian, so he can't stay.
the old and the young die together, and there is no plural for a wise fool.
if you get drunk or forget, it will not be an age-promoting tool!
who should praise you for standing up for goodness?
I really want to hurt my life, so I should entrust it to you.
I don't like it or fear it.
do what you need, and don't worry about it.
Mr. Chen Yinque specially explained this poem one by one, and came to the conclusion that Tao Yuanming believed in the "New Nature Theory of Entrusting and Assigning". Based on this philosophy, future generations of scholars can continue to study and make achievements. Tao Yuanming really gave people a new way of living, and really lived a way of reconciliation with secular life, with beauty in plain and happiness in depression. Zhuangzi said, "Those who are in love with life do not think anything about life; Those who are in love with their lives are helpless if they don't serve their lives! " Guy should be!
There is beauty in plain, depression in happiness (data map source network)
Second, Tao Yuanming's indifference is far away
Drinking alcohol
Autumn chrysanthemum has good color, and it shows its beauty.
it's far from me to forget the worries.
although one cup is alone, the cup is exhausted and the pot pours itself.
when the sun enters the group, the birds return to the forest to sing.
under the east porch, we can talk about this life again.
Tao Yuanming always reminds people of chrysanthemums. His poems also conform to the indifferent style of chrysanthemum. This song is mainly about enjoying chrysanthemums and drinking. The poet is completely intoxicated with it, forgetting the world, getting rid of his sorrow, and enjoying himself. Drinking chrysanthemum, singing and picking chrysanthemums, is the greatest joy of life.
Enjoy yourself at leisure (data map source network)
Third, Tao Yuanming's open-minded
Elegy to be written. Third,
The weeds are boundless, and the poplars are also rustling.
in the middle of September, severe frost sent me out of the outer suburbs.
there are no people living on all sides, and the high graves are dying.
the horse sings to the sky, and the wind is self-depressed.
once the secluded room is closed, it will never be seen again for a thousand years.
once the Millennium is over, there is nothing a wise man can do.
people are always sent away, and each goes home.
relatives or Yu sad, others have also sung.
what is the way to die?
There are three * * * elegies. Tao Yuanming imagined his post-death scene and drew up these three poems. This poem is the third one. The last four sentences express his open-mindedness about life and death. It's not hard to understand that his happy life will let nature take its course. Tao Yuanming is greatly influenced by Taoist thought, and Zhuangzi can always be seen in him, except that Zhuangzi is an unreasonable philosopher, while Tao Yuanming is a poet who can get over it, say it and do it.
When you die, why do you care about the same mountain? (Data map, source network)
Fourth, Tao Yuanming's reading:
Reading the Classic of Mountains and Seas (Part I)
Meng Xia has long vegetation and trees around the house.
the birds are happy to be entrusted, and I love my house.
I have cultivated and planted, and I still read my books when I am young.
the poor lane is separated by deep roads, and it is quite back to the old car.
enjoy spring wine and pick vegetables from my garden.
light rain comes from the east, and good winds accompany it.
Have a look at the Biography of the King of Zhou and a look at the Map of Mountains and Seas.
if you pitch the universe, you won't be happy.
Tao Yuanming also inherited the old adage, so it goes without saying that he works as a farmer, but I guess he must be an ordinary farmer and not a well-kept man. The same is true of reading: "good reading does not ask for a great solution"; We can see his reading attitude by reading extensively and flowing.
What if the universe is unhappy after pitching (data map, source network)
V. Tao Yuanming's pastoral life:
Returning to the pastoral home (one)
There is no vulgar rhyme, and his nature loves Qiushan.
fall into the dust net by mistake for thirty years.
a captive bird is nostalgic for the old forest, and a fish in the pond misses its source.
open up wasteland in the south and return to the garden.
there are more than ten acres of square houses and eight or nine grass houses.
the back eaves of Liu Yin elm, in front of Taoli Luotang.
it's warm and distant, and there's smoke in yiyi market.
in the deep lane where dogs bark, chickens crow and mulberry trees jump.
there is no dust and clutter in the household, and there is leisure in the virtual room.
after being in a cage for a long time, it's back to nature.
This is Tao Yuanming's masterpiece, and all kinds of beautiful images in the poem: birds, fish, wild fields, grass houses, elm willows, peaches and plums, distant villages, smoke, barking dogs and crowing chickens ... are full of interest. Don't you know how boring it is to smell and watch this every day! Fortunately, it is the poet who has realized the true meaning of this. This is really a "poetic dwelling"!
6. Tao Yuanming's work:
Returning to the Garden (3)
Planting beans at the foot of the south mountain, the grass is full of beans and seedlings are sparse.
in the morning, you should make good use of waste and filth, and bring home the lotus with you.
the road is narrow and the vegetation is long, and my clothes are exposed in the evening.
clothes are not enough to cherish, but you can keep your wish.
this is a poem that really works, and it is impossible to get it unless you live in Tianjia for a long time, because of its quiet, peaceful and fulfilling natural interest. Although he was too tired to death, he did not forget to say "but I made my wish go against it", which shows his frank life.
Bring the moon lotus home (data map, source network)
VII. Tao Yuanming's purport:
Drinking (fifth)
build house is in a human environment, but there are no cars and horses.
when you ask him what he can do, you are far from self-centered.
under the east fence of picking chrysanthemums, you can see Nanshan leisurely.
the weather is getting better every day, and the birds are returning.
there is a real meaning in this, and I have forgotten to say it if I want to distinguish it.
This is a masterpiece of Tao Ji, and it is also brilliant in the history of China's poetry. Its artistic level is believed to be no less than that of any great poem. Metaphysics was the most important thing in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Although Tao Yuanming was not a metaphysician, he was also "discriminating between words and meanings". The importance of wine in his life can be seen when he thinks of his "planting two hectares and fifty acres" and sending 2 thousand yuan to the restaurant.
Take a leisurely look at Nanshan under the east fence of picking chrysanthemums (data map, source network)
VIII. Tao Yuanming's domineering:
Reading the Classic of Mountains and Seas, the tenth
Jingwei holds a micro-wood, which will fill the sea.
Xingtian dances in solidarity, with strong aspirations.
if you have no worries about the same thing, you will never regret it.
it's only in the past, and its beautiful days can be waited for.
Tao Yuanming loved freedom all his life, and the spirit of rebellion is an important theme of Tao. This poem praises the mythical image of Jing Wei and Xingtian, which is the embodiment of this spirit. Although Tao Yuanming's poems are mainly plain and natural, he still has a heroic side, which Mr. Lu Xun called "King Kong glare".
The main tone is plain and natural, but there is still a heroic side (data map source network)
Nine, Tao Yuanming's true innocence:
Say goodbye to Yin Jin' an
Swim well for a long time, and be diligent when you meet.
if you pay for the words, you will know each other again.
Last year, I lived in Nanli, and I was a neighbor when I was young.
stay for a long time forgets the morning when he swims around with a negative staff.
when you are silent, you know how to behave yourself.
it's spring before it's said that it's time.
the wind is blowing from the west, and the clouds are drifting from the east.
mountains and rivers are thousands of miles away, and it is difficult to talk and laugh.
excellent talents are not hidden from the world, and there are many lowly and poor people in the Jianghu.
take off the past and save the old friends.
Yuan Haowen's comment on Tao's poems is that "a word is natural and eternal, and when luxury is exhausted, it is true and pure". This poem shows the simplicity of its friendship with friends, and the condensed words can be described as true: "The wind is blowing from the west, and the clouds are floating from the east." Flowing clouds and flowing water, chic and natural! Such a poem can be described as a swan song.
A word is natural, eternal, new, luxurious, and pure (data map, source network)
Ten, Tao Yuanming's dilemma:
Begging for food
Hunger drives me away, but I don't know what to do.
when you go to Sri Lanka, you knock on the door and talk clumsily.
it's useless for the master to leave a legacy.
talk about harmony all day long, and pour a cup.
when you are happy, you will know your joy, and then you will write poems.
I'm ashamed that I'm not a Korean talent.
I know what to thank you for, and I will repay you in kind.
every time I read this poem, I feel the same way, and its helplessness is beyond words! How poor is Tao Yuanming? In the preface of "Returning to Xi Ci", it is said that "childish surplus room, no millet in the bottle"; In "Work at a Meeting", it is said that "you will be hungry until you are old". It can be seen that all stages of his life are suffering from hunger, and "begging for food" is also unusual.