First, climb Mount Tai in the rain.
Second, Inner Mongolia's visit to the ancient times (excerpt)
Third, trivial memories.
Fourth, the variation of Hamburg Port.
Unit knowledge and training
Unit 2 Narrative (2)
Verb (abbreviation of verb) in memory of Liu Hezhen.
Six, the lamp
Seven, hutong culture
Eight, two foreign essays
The most beautiful tomb in the world
The beauty of winter
Unit knowledge and training
Unit 3 Explanation
Nine, the robot to 2 1 century
The magical aurora
XI。 Eyes and Bionics
Twelve. The future of the universe
Unit knowledge and training
Unit 4 Argumentative Paper (1)
Thirteen. Speech at Marx's Tomb
Fourteen, change our way of learning
15. Speech at the conference to celebrate the centenary of the founding of Peking University.
XVI. Meaning, Textual Research and Rhetoric
Unit knowledge and training
Unit 5 Argumentative Paper (2)
Seventeen, writing under the lamp (excerpt)
Eighteen, if I were the king
Don't tell a secret.
Twenty, the development and law of China's ancient novels.
Twenty-one, talk about the characters and structure of Water Margin.
Unit knowledge training
Unit 6 Novel
Twenty-two, medicine
Twenty-three, Lin Daiyu into Jia Fu
Twenty-four, the person in the condom.
Twenty-five, "For whom the bell tolls" (excerpt)
Unit knowledge and training
Unit 7 Drama
Twenty-six, Thunderstorm (excerpt)
Twenty-seven, "Teahouse" (excerpt)
Unit knowledge and training
Unit 8 Classical Chinese (1)
Chapter 28 of The Analects of Confucius
Li will chop.
father-in-law
Twenty-nine, I am in the country, too.
Thirty, the candle of martial arts retreat.
Thirty-one, Zou Ji satirized Wang Qi's incompetence.
Unit knowledge and training
Unit 9 Classical Chinese (2)
Thirty-two, Qin theory
Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru Thirty-three
Thirty-four, Epang Palace Fu
Thirty-five years old, Shi Zhongshan.
……
2. What articles are expository in the Chinese textbooks for secondary vocational schools published by People's Education Edition-Magpie, Magpie, Magpie, Magpie, Magpie, Magpie, Magpie and Magpie.
Supplement: I have heard many idiom stories, fairy tales and fables since I was very young. I can't help but yearn for the subject of Chinese. I hope to learn Chinese as soon as possible. Grow up and come into contact with some famous sentences. I really hope I can "push the prisoner into the ashes while joking" like Zhou Yu. At that time, I got to know some great poets and writers such as Su Dongpo and Li Qingzhao.
Worship everything around me, every topic can not be separated from my idol in the literary world, even several times the fanaticism of groupies. Later, I was fascinated by Li Bai, fascinated by his bold momentum, and learned more about Tang poetry, so I studied Tang poetry under the guidance of my teacher.
Chinese is interesting. I have read a lot of books now, many of which are world famous books, but world famous books are boring. In my eyes, books with philosophy are just like chewing wax, which is useless at all, but some stories can be read, such as Pride and Prejudice, Faust, The Wizard of Oz and so on. But I like reading detectives, martial arts and novels about beauty best. They often have wonderful plots, which can drive readers more.
I once dreamed of becoming an amateur writer and writing some fan essays, but I always didn't have enough endurance to finish it. At first, I often give up halfway and lose patience. I once refused Chinese, twice complained that I was studying too hard, and it was annoying to recite this and that.
However, when books are used, we don't hate them so much. When we really want to hand in our composition, we lament that young people don't work hard. I like Tagore's sentence very much: "Life is as gorgeous as summer flowers and as beautiful as autumn leaves." It is beautifully written, but it teaches people nowhere to find it, and it is very lonely.
I am obsessed with such literature and such language. In the long river of world literature, there are numerous outstanding figures and stars.
I also look at these stars from my perspective, have my own beliefs and pursuits, and cling to my own ideas and opinions. I believe that one day, I can become one of the world's literary stars.
Although it may not shine like the sun, at least one inch of land can make me shine slightly.
3. Literal translation (literal translation) of the Chinese text "Persuade to Learn" in secondary vocational schools. Learned and cultured people say that learning can't stop.
Indigo is extracted from bluegrass, but its color is darker than bluegrass. Ice is condensed from water, but it is cooler than water. The wood is straight enough to conform to the straight ink line. If the wheel is bent by fire roasting, the curvature of the wood will reach the standard of compasses. Even if it is dried by the wind and sun, it will not be straight again, because it has been processed like this.
Therefore, after the wood is measured with ink lines, it can be straightened by processing with auxiliary tools, and the metal products such as swords can be sharpened after being ground on a millstone. A gentleman reads widely and checks himself every day, and he will be smart and witty, and his behavior will not be wrong. Therefore, if you don't climb the mountain, you don't know how high the sky is; I don't know how thick the ground is without facing the deep stream; If you don't understand the legacy of the emperor, you won't know the breadth of knowledge.
People who commit the crime of smuggling are born with the same voice, but when they grow up, their customs and habits are different, which is created by education. The Book of Songs says, "You are a gentleman, don't always covet comfort.
Respect your work and love the virtue of integrity. The gods will give you good luck and good luck when they hear all this. "
There is no greater spiritual accomplishment than being influenced by morality, and there is no greater blessing than not having a disaster. I used to think all day, but I didn't get a moment's study; I used to look at my heels, but I didn't look so wide when I climbed high.
Climb high and wave, the arm is not lengthened, but people can see it in the distance; Shouting with the wind didn't get louder, but the listener heard it more clearly. With the help of horses and chariots, people can reach thousands of miles away without quick steps; People who paddle by boat may not be good at swimming, but they can cross the Yangtze River and the Yellow River.
The essence of a gentleman is no different from that of ordinary people, but he is good at using foreign things. In the south, there is a bird called "Mongolian pigeon", which takes feathers as its nest, weaves with hair and ties it to the ear of a tender reed. When the wind blows, the reed spike breaks, the bird's nest falls down and all the eggs are smashed.
It's not that the nest is poorly woven, but that it shouldn't be tied to reeds. There is a kind of grass in the west called "Belamcanda". It is only four inches high, but it can overlook hundreds of miles away. Not because grass can grow tall, but because it grows on the top of the mountain.
Pennisetum grows in hemp fields and can stand upright without support. White sand mixed with black soil can no longer turn white. The root of Sophora japonica is called Ai Xiang, but once it is immersed in smelly water, both husband and servant will avoid it. It's not that Ai itself doesn't smell like E69DA5E87AAE79FA5E98193313326466363, but it's stinky. Therefore, a gentleman should choose a good environment to live and a moral person to make friends, so as to prevent delay and protect his moderation and integrity.
Everything happens for a reason, and the arrival of honor and disgrace also corresponds to virtue. Rotten meat gives birth to maggots, while dead fish give birth to worms. If you slack off and forget the code of conduct, something will happen.
Objects that are too hard are easily broken, and those that are too weak are easily bound. If you are not nice to people, it will cause disgust. Dry wood is flammable, low-lying and easy to wet, and there are many animals and plants. Everything is like sheep. Therefore, when the target is set, the bow and arrow will be shot. When a tree grows into a forest, it will lead to axe cutting. When the forest is lush and shady, birds will come to stay. When vinegar turns sour, it will attract mosquitoes. Therefore, words may cause trouble and actions may be humiliated. A gentleman can't help being cautious when dealing with people.
Earth and stone pile up into mountains, and the wind and rain start from here; Water flows into the abyss, and dragons are born from it; Accumulate good deeds and cultivate noble morality, and the spirit will reach a height, and the sage's thoughts will be possessed. Therefore, there is no way to reach a place thousands of miles away without accumulating half a step; Without the accumulation of tiny flowing water, there is no way to merge into the rivers and seas.
Running a horse is less than ten paces; A bad horse can walk for ten days, and its success lies in its constant walking. Carve an object but give up in the end.
Stick to carving and the stone will be carved successfully. Earthworms have no sharp claws and strong bones and muscles, but they can eat the soil and drink the spring water because they are single-minded.
A crab has six legs and two crab pincers. (But) without the caves of snakes and eels, it has nowhere to live, because it is impetuous. Therefore, without the will to study hard, there will be no significant academic achievements; Without hard work, there will be no great achievements in career.
Neither side will tolerate a man who can't get to his destination on the wrong road and serves two monarchs at the same time. The eyes cannot see two things at the same time and see clearly, and the ears cannot hear two sounds at the same time and hear clearly.
A poisonous snake can fly without feet, and a mouse has five skills, but there is still no way. The poem says: "Cuckoo nests in mulberry trees, and its young birds have seven.
A good gentleman should be single-minded and impartial. Only when the behavior is single-minded and not biased towards evil will the will be rock-solid. "
Therefore, a gentleman is determined and single-minded.
4. What are the commonly used explanation methods in FLTRP's Chinese textbooks for secondary vocational schools? There are 1 1 species, such as giving examples, quoting, classifying, enumerating numbers, comparing, drawing charts, defining, explaining, analogizing, imitating appearances and assuming.
We should choose the best method according to the characteristics of the explanatory object and the purpose of writing. Common in primary schools are: examples, figures, metaphors, classifications and comparisons.
What is common in middle schools are: giving examples, enumerating numbers, analogy, classification, comparison, quotation, drawing charts, defining, explaining and imitating appearances. "Hypothesis" is not commonly used in primary and junior high schools, but can be learned in senior high schools.
(1) illustrate things with examples, so as to make the things to be explained concrete and easy for readers to understand. This method of explanation is called example. For example, in the article "Marching into the Desert", the successful cases of sand control in desert areas of Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia are cited, indicating that "the desert can be conquered".
To illustrate things or things through examples, we should pay attention to the representativeness and appropriateness of examples. Benefits: Make the meaning expressed in the article clearer, more vivid, more understandable to readers and more convincing.
[Edit this paragraph] (2) Citation In order to make the explanation more substantial and specific, you can quote some documents, poems, proverbs and famous sayings, which can make the explanation more convincing. The quoted materials range from classic works, famous sayings and epigrams, formulas and rules, allusions and legends, proverbs and sayings, poems and sentences, etc.
Act as the content or basis of explanation to explain and introduce things. For example, the article "China Stone Arch Bridge" quoted Zhang in the Tang Dynasty, which shows that the design and construction are ingenious.
Benefits: image, typical, more convincing. Reflect the accuracy of explanatory language.
[Edit this paragraph (3) for comparison. Explain that some abstract or unfamiliar things can be compared with concrete or familiar things, so that readers can get a concrete and vivid impression through comparison. The characteristics of things often appear in comparison.
For example, in the Great Hall of the People, in order to illustrate the building area of the banquet hall, the author used the contrast method: "The 5000-seat banquet hall is another scene. It covers an area of 7,000 square meters, which is larger than a football field, and its exquisite design is rare. "
In the article "Seeing the weather from clouds", clouds are compared with clouds. When comparing, you can compare things in the same category, things in different categories, things can be compared horizontally or vertically.
Benefits: Explain some abstract or unfamiliar things and compare them with concrete or familiar things, so that readers can get a concrete and vivid impression through comparison. [Edit this paragraph] (4) Column number In order to make the things to be explained specific, you can also use the method of column number to make it easier for readers to understand.
It should be noted that the quoted figures must be accurate, and inaccurate figures must never be used. Even the estimated figures should have reliable basis and try to be approximate. For example, the article Haibu explains the length, width and depth of the sea.
The majestic Great Hall of the People also uses a series of figures to illustrate that the majestic Great Hall of the People is one of the most magnificent buildings in the capital. Benefits: Numbers are the most accurate, scientific and convincing basis for quantitatively explaining the characteristics or reasons of things.
(or on the one hand, the explanation is more accurate, on the other hand, it also makes the explanation more convincing and convincing. ) [Edit this paragraph] (5) Classification is often difficult to explain the characteristics of things unilaterally. According to the similarities and differences of shapes, properties, causes and functions of things, things can be divided into several categories, and then explained one by one according to the categories.
This method of explanation is called classification. Using classification, we should explain things and different aspects of things according to certain standards.
For example, "Seeing the weather from clouds" explains the forms of various clouds respectively. Benefits: clear organization, clear at a glance.
[Edit this paragraph] (6) Metaphor uses the similarities between two different things to compare, so as to highlight the characteristics of things and enhance the vividness and vividness of explanation. This is called metaphor. Explain that the metaphor in method is consistent with the metaphor in rhetoric.
The difference is that there are similes, metaphors and metaphors in figurative rhetoric, while similes and metaphors are mostly used for description, while metaphors are inappropriate. For example, the stone arch bridge in China: The bridge opening of the stone arch bridge is curved, just like a rainbow.
The basic characteristics of stone arch bridge are expressed by analogy, which gives people a sense of beauty. Benefits: abstract things become concrete, vivid and vivid.
(or explain the characteristics of things in an exact, concrete and easy-to-understand way. ) [Edit this paragraph] (7) Imitate appearance In order to make the explained object more vivid and concrete, we can imitate appearance. This explanation is called imitation of appearance.
For example, in the article "China Stone Arch Bridge", "Lions with different postures are carved on each stigma. Some of these stone lions hug each other, some whisper, some listen to the sound of water, and some watch pedestrians. "
Pay attention to the difference between imitation and analogy. Simply put, as long as it is not an obvious metaphor or just a single metaphor, it is generally classified as "analogy". Benefits: In order to make the object of explanation more vivid and specific.
[Edit this paragraph] (8) Defining the essential features of a concept in concise language is called definition. Definition can accurately reveal the essence of things and is a common method in scientific and technological discussion.
Sometimes in order to highlight the main contents and problems of things, things are often defined in concise words, so that readers have a clear concept of the explained objects. For example, in the article "Overall Planning Law", the author defines the overall planning law with the method of explanation: "Overall planning law is a mathematical method to arrange the work process."
The language is concise, concise and accurate. When defining, we can consider it from different angles according to the purpose of description.
Some emphasize characteristics, such as the definition of "person"; Some emphasize functions, such as the definition of "fertilizer"; Some explain both characteristics and functions, such as the definition of "master planning method" and "applied science". Benefits: It can make people understand abstract words more clearly when reading.
[Edit this paragraph] (9) Explain a certain feature of things from one side.