Indeed, as the golden age of China's classical poetry, Tang poetry is the insurmountable peak of China's poetry. It is precisely because of this that in that era when famous poets came forth in large numbers and there were countless masterpieces, many outstanding poets were submerged in the dazzling light and starlight of great poets such as Li and Du, and became less known to future generations.
Shangguan Waner, her grandfather and Shangguan Yi are such poets.
Beauty and talent, the excellent genes of Shangguan family, can't know Shangguan Waner's facial features, but in various versions of legends, her beauty is beyond doubt. In fact, her beauty runs in the family, because her grandfather Shangguan Yi was also a famous handsome boy at that time. It is recorded that when Shangguan Yi rode to court and passed by Chang 'an, his handsome image and the tolerance of celebrities shocked the whole Chang 'an.
Another family legacy that Shangguan Waner inherited from her grandfather is her poetic talent.
The pulse of Guang Chuan flows, driving horses across Changzhou. Magpies fly over the mountains and the moon, cicadas sing in the autumn.
This poem entitled "Treading on the Moon" was written by Shangguan Yi. According to Liu? According to the records of Sui and Tang Dynasties, after Tang Gaozong captured Zhenguan, nothing happened in the world. Easy to take charge of state affairs. Entering the DPRK in the early morning, patrolling the Luoshui levee, strolling on the moon, and improvising this poem. At that time, hundreds of bureaucrats who were waiting for the DPRK to watch, only felt that Shangguan Yi was not only clear in voice and rhyme, but also distinguished, just like a fairy. As the head of a hundred officials, this poem is about his feelings when he was waiting to appear in court outside the imperial city of Luoyang, the eastern capital, but obviously his waiting still seems so different.
Shangguan Yi's poems deliberately got rid of the old conventions and habits of picking up words from similar books at that time, but paid attention to careful observation of the scenery and cast bright new words; Then, through the dynamic changes of search, euphemistic feelings are written, thus forming a poetic realm in which feelings are hidden inside and exposed outside. This kind of poems, with neat brushwork and elegant style, greatly promoted the skills of writing scenery in five-character poems and became the new official poetic style imitated by people.
It's a pity that Tang Xuanzong published a book of poems for her. The poetry talent gene of Shangguan family is still so brilliant in Shangguan Waner's generation. According to records, when Shangguan Waner 14 years old, she was already able to write poems according to the topic, which was completed in an instant, and the meaning was fluent, the rhetoric was gorgeous, and the language was beautiful. It really seemed to be done by Ren rewelding. Wu Zetian was very happy and took her with her. Shangguan Waner's talent made her get rid of the tragic situation of a slave who committed the most heinous crimes, but at the same time, she also entered the court and embarked on a more dangerous road of no return.
Shangguan Waner not only loves poetry herself, but also cherishes talented poets. According to the New Tang Book, Shangguan Waner encouraged Tang Zhongzong to set up the Wenxiu Hall many times, and finally got her wish. After that, he called all the talented poets in the world and invited the ministers who were good at poetry in the DPRK to settle in. Then, Shangguan Waner, with Tang Zhongzong, Wei Ruyun and Princess Anle, gave a banquet for entertainment with the gifted scholars in the Xiuwen Pavilion, and they were happy and drunk, unwilling to return. Of course, the poems that Tang Zhongzong, Wei Hou and Princess Anle wanted to hand in at the banquet were all written by Shangguan Waner alone, but the number of poems still achieved the out-and-out beauty of Shangguan Waner's poems. According to records, as long as Shangguan Waner wrote a new poem at that time, it would soon be sung by people.
In 7 10, Li Longji rose up and wiped out the Houwei Party. Because of her close relationship with Wei Ruyun Group, Shangguan Waner is also on this blacklist. However, Shangguan Waner's hard-to-ignore literary talent made Li Longji regret it soon after killing her. So, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty found Zhang again, collected the poems of Shangguan Waner, and then published more than 20 volumes of Poems of Tang and Shangguan Shi specially for her.
In the preface of this collection of poems, Zhang praised Shangguan Waner, saying: She is in good health and talented. Listen sensitively, look in the mirror and open the book, just like before. Shake the pen and fly away and become the same structure. In ancient times, there were women historians who wrote historical records, and women ministers who made decisions and made statements. Zhao Rong of the two dynasties was beautiful, full of opportunities in one day, and the consultant did not fall behind. Should be satisfied. Although Ban Yuan is called in Chinese, it is praised by Zuo Wei. The writing is different and the auxiliary power is different.
Unfortunately, this collection of poems has been lost, and only 32 poems left by Shangguan Waner are preserved in the whole Tang poetry.
Reading people by poetry, she created the expression of temperament in Tang poetry. Shangguan Waner was an outstanding talented woman in Tang Dynasty. She was born in Wuhou and Zhongzong periods. It is difficult for the author to explain clearly the political right and wrong of Li Tang's characters. This article is about Shangguan Waner's outstanding talent in poetry creation and her contribution to literature.
There are as many as 32 Tang poems. After reading these poems, we first feel that the theme of her poems has obviously expanded compared with other court poets. In addition to some poems that should be written by the court, there are also some travel notes, especially those that express personal feelings, which return to the attributes of poetry, get rid of the disadvantages of poor feelings and affectation of court poems, and create a precedent for Tang poetry to express its temperament by eulogy.
For example, the color book complains about this poem: summer night is full of love, thinking about Wan Jun and Li Yu. The dew is fragrant and cold, and the moon falls on the screen.
I want to play Jiangnan music, and I am greedy for giving books to the north. There is no other meaning in the book, but I have been away from home for a long time.
This is completely the work of ordinary women's lovesickness, and there is no trace of court poetry. The first couplet of the poem is caused by autumn leaves, and the word "miss you" points out the main idea. Zhuan Xu leaves her sorrow and parting with the fragrance of cold brocade screen, and at the same time sets off the sadness with the dew and the moon setting, so the scenery is boundless with love. Neck-neck couple lamented the distance between husband and wife with Jiangnan and northern Hebei, echoing that Wan Li, the first couplet, had no intention of playing the music of Jiangnan, and was eager to seal the letter of northern Hebei, with real feelings and vivid descriptions. The emotion of the whole article is collected at the end of the couplet, and one sentence is the finishing touch. The parting of affectionate couples is an emotion in the world, so it can arouse readers' extensive * * *. If we look at this poem from the perspective of formal meter, we will find that it is a fully mature five-character meter poem. From the melody point of view, the first sentence is mixed, and the eight sentences in the whole poem are rhythmic sentences, which conform to the law of fitting. From the perspective of rhyme, the five rhymes of Chu, Yu, Xu, Shu and Ju all belong to the rhyme of "Pingdiaoliuyu", and there is no rhyme anywhere. Judging from the antithesis, the two antithesis couplets in the middle are very neat. The author carefully examined these instructions.
Shangguan Waner lives in an era when five-character poems gradually take shape. Literary history books emphasize the role of poets such as Du Fu, Shen Qi and Song in eight-part five-character poems. It seems that the evaluation of Shangguan Waner has been omitted today. In addition, Shangguan Waner also wrote some landscape poems, describing the impression of landing on the landscape, most of which are beautiful, lively and gratifying.
In addition to the achievements in poetry creation, Shangguan Waner also made great contributions to the development of literature in the early Tang Dynasty. During the period of Zhongzong, Shangguan Waner persuaded Zhongzong to set up a bachelor's degree in Zhaowen Museum, widely recruited scholars in Ci poetry, and held banquets, poems and other activities, which effectively promoted the poetry creation at that time. Wu Pingyi spoke highly of the significance of Shangguan Waner's move in the Book of Jinglong Pavilion: seeking handsome in seclusion, Yu Xing's rhetoric, being a state-owned scholar and a learned minister of the imperial court. In the past 20 years, the wasteland has escaped, which is also its advantage
Zhongzong also often held poetry competitions, with Shangguan Waner as the judge, and rewarded the winners. Since then, poetry in the ruling and opposition parties has become a common practice. According to the Chronicle of Tang Poems, Zhongzong once visited Kunming Lake near Chang 'an in the dark of the first month of the third year of Jinglong, improvised poems and ordered his ministers to write one each. Shangguan Waner chose one of these poems as the new lyrics of Imperial System. Shangguan Waner boarded the color building and dropped the unsuccessful poems one by one, leaving only the poems of Shen Qi and Song Dynasty. After a while, I dropped Shen's poem. Then she commented: The second poem is the enemy, and Shen Shi said: I am ashamed to see it.
We've run out of cover words. Song says: If you don't worry about the bright moon, there must be night beads.
You are eager to do something healthy.
Shen Nai gave in and dared not fight again. Shangguan Waner advocates vigorous poetic style and belittles the decline of ci. This literary proposition is conducive to the formation of a vigorous and broad poetic style, which indicates the arrival of magnificent poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.