Read the excerpts from Rain Talk and complete the following exercises.
(Rain said: April has been waiting on the earth for a long time ...)
The long-awaited Putian and Ranch.
Long-awaited fish ponds and streams
When Pu Tian froze for a winter, the seeds were imprisoned.
The pasture withered and lost the trace of cattle and sheep.
When the fish pond is cold and shallow, the swimming fish run aground.
The stream is whistling and the song is out of tune.
Rain said, I'm coming. I'm going to visit the earth in April.
I'm coming. I walked softly, and I whispered.
My love weaves heaven and earth together like silk thread.
I call every child's nickname sweet and accurate.
I am here, the thunder and lightning are quiet and the wind is not crowded.
Follow me to the land of Pu Tian, and it will be as moist as ointment.
When you go to the pasture, you should shoot the new seedlings of honeysuckle.
Say hello to the fish jumping around the pond.
Listen to the new laundry ballad of practicing water.
1. What is the relationship between the third section and the first section?
2. What are the characteristics of rain in the second section of Selected Poems? "I am coming, the thunder and lightning are not noisy, and the wind is not crowded." How to understand this poem?
3. What rhetorical devices are used in the second paragraph of this poem? It has a declaratory function.
If you were a "new seedling" or a "fish" or ..., what would you say to the rain?
5. Please choose one of the excerpts or the original poem to enjoy, or describe it with pictures.
Summary: The story of rain endows Chunyu with anthropomorphic speaking ability, talks with children in the first person, and creates a gentle and kind image of "the messenger of love". The whole poem is full of relaxed, happy, fresh and lively atmosphere.
Wang Yue's Notes on Basic Chinese Knowledge in Junior Middle School
About Wang Yue's notes, the main points of this section, the teacher took notes on Wang Yue's keywords to help understand the content of the article.
Word annotation
Yue: This refers to Mount Tai, the first of the five mountains, and the other four mountains are Xiyue: Huashan; Beiyue: Hengshan; Nanyue: Hengshan; Zhongyue: Songshan Mountain. Among them, Mount Tai is famous for its grandeur and is one of the top ten famous mountains. In ancient times, it was a symbol of "heaven".
Daizong: Mount Tai, also known as Daishan or Daiyue, is the first of the five mountains and is located in the north of Tai 'an City, Shandong Province. In ancient times, Mount Tai was the head of the five mountains, and the mountains lived here, so it was also called "Daizong". Emperors who held closed Zen ceremonies in previous dynasties were all in this mountain, referring to the honorific title of Mount Tai.
F: read "fú". The first few words of the sentence have no practical meaning, and the interrogative tone is emphasized.
Dave: How's it going? Husband: Words are meaningless. Emphasize interrogative tone.
Qi and Lu: Ancient Qilu was bounded by Mount Tai, with Qi in the north and Lu in the south, that is, Shandong. Originally, it was the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, in today's Shandong, and later referred to Shandong in Qilu generation.
Green: refers to the beautiful green mountains.
Unfinished: endless, continuous.
Unfinished: it means gloomy mountains, boundless, and it's hard to say anything.
Nature: nature.
Zhong: Assemble.
Shen Xiu: the aura of heaven and earth.
Yin and Yang: Yin refers to the north of the mountain and Yang refers to Shan Zhinan.
Cut: points. An exaggeration. Mount Tai is very high, and at the same time, the south of the mountain is different from the north sooner or later.
Dusk: Dusk and morning.
Swing your chest: purify your mind.
Zeng: crossing the "layer"
Summary: What the author wants to express is that one day, I will climb to the top of your mountain and have a panoramic view of the hills around me.
Junior high school Chinese reading questions go abroad overnight.
One night's foreign poetry, a reading topic, profoundly shows the author's inner wandering sadness, which is a classic in Du Fu's poetry.
Foreign night
Du Fu
The breeze rippled on the grassy coast, through the night, and blew to my still mast.
The endless plains are dotted with drooping stars. The moon runs with the river.
I hope my art can bring me fame and liberate my sick old age from the office! .
Flying around, what am I like? But sandpipers in the vast world! .
Note: In 765 AD, Du Fu was forced to resign and leave Chengdu Caotang to write this poem on the boat.
15. The first two couplets of this poem describe the scene of "walking at night", among which the close-up scene is: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
16. How does this poem express the poet's feelings?
17. Write your favorite poem and tell me what's good about it.
18. Rewrite "Cottage Blown by Autumn Wind" into narrative prose junior high school Chinese.
Summary: The first half of the poem describes the scene of "night tour". Close-up: the breeze blows the fine grass on the river bank, and the high-mast boat is moored alone on the moonlit night.
The fourth method of Chinese learning in middle school: strengthening memory method
As the saying goes, "Digging into the basket is a dish", which means that you can use a lot of knowledge only after you remember it. So we must find a way to remember knowledge. Memory knowledge can be divided into internal storage and external storage. Memory is stored inside the brain, outside the brain, in books, reading notes, diaries, excerpts and computers.
The brain is a storehouse of knowledge. According to the research of scientists, the function of the brain to store memory knowledge is less than 10%. We should develop and make full use of the storage function of the brain. Memory can store more knowledge. But for the average person, even if the brain's ability to remember knowledge is weak, few people will never forget it. Many people remember knowledge by memorizing it repeatedly. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a knowledge warehouse outside the brain, which can be books, notes, diaries, excerpts, computers and classified knowledge. Regular review at ordinary times can turn external storage into internal storage.
A lot of knowledge can only take root and sprout in a person's brain after repeated memory reinforcement. Only by accumulating more knowledge can we fundamentally improve our Chinese ability.
Basic knowledge of modifying Chinese ill sentences in junior middle school
-Modifying junior high school Chinese in sick sentences requires developing the habit of modifying your own composition. When revising, we can rely on the sense of language and common sense of grammar and rhetoric to achieve clear pronunciation and mellow voice.
Improve a sentence
(1) Improper use of words
① Improper emotional color. His earnest and hard-working learning spirit is worth learning from each of our classmates. "Youyou" means "not learning well" and is derogatory. It's not appropriate to use it here. It should be changed to "learning". )
② Incorrect use of related words. Only by insisting on verification can the Iraq issue be resolved peacefully. When only and only are used together, the word just should be changed to only. )
(2) Improper collocation
① Improper collocation of subject and predicate. His lofty revolutionary qualities often appear in my mind. ("quality" can't be "budding", but it can be changed to "his great revolutionary image". )
② Improper collocation of verbs and objects. For example, Shanghai Science and Technology Development Center has gathered a group of professional teams who are enthusiastic about serving the development of science and technology and are good at management. ("Gathering" should be "specialized talents". )
8 Improper collocation of subject and object. This last day's work is the most stressful, enjoyable and meaningful day for students. ("labor" and "one day" are not properly matched, so "labor" should be deleted. )
④ Rhetorical words and head words are not collocated properly. He has made great efforts in cultivating improved varieties. ("great" and "painstaking" are not properly matched and should be changed to "many". )
(3) Incomplete ingredients
(1) The subject is missing. By studying Lei Feng's touching deeds, I learned a lot about being a man. The word "yes" makes "I" lose its subject.
Therefore, the role should be deleted. )
(2) lack of objects. Seeing his photo reminds me of the time when we played together and read books at the same table. This sentence lacks an object head word. "Scene" should be added. )
(4) improper word order
① Improper logical word order. The school has adopted and studied new rules and regulations. The order of "passing" and "learning" is reversed. It should be "learning" before "passing". )
② The related words are in the wrong order. I trust not only him, but also his friends. B: Not only I trust him, but also those who opposed him before trust him now. When two clauses are the same subject, the related word comes after the subject. For example, in A, the subject of both clauses is "I", and "not only" should be behind the subject "I": when the subjects of the two clauses are different, the related words are in front of the subject. For example, B, the subjects of the two clauses are "I" and "person" respectively, and the related word "not only" should be placed before "I". )
(5) Inconsistent
① Inconsistency. Whether you can study hard is the key to improve your academic performance. "Yes" and "No" express two completely different situations, so "Yes" should be deleted. )
② Negative redundancy. For example, individual doctors don't talk about medical ethics and want red envelopes. Hospital leaders are not without responsibility for this. ("not without responsibility" means responsibility, and adding "not" is the opposite, so "not" or "no" should be removed. )
The scope is not clear. As soon as people enter the teaching building, they will see all the pictures and posters about Macao's history hanging on the walls of the corridor. ("Pictures" include "posters" and should not be juxtaposed, but should be called "posters and other pictures". )
(6) Repetition, for example, the heavy schoolwork burden of primary and secondary school students is a chronic disease that plagues our basic education. ("Chronic disease" and "disease" are duplicated, and one of them should be deleted)
(7) Ambiguity: For example, a shepherd boy is eating grass with a cow. Is it a "grazing shepherd boy" or a "grazing cow"? It should be changed to "the shepherd boy leads the cow, and the cow is eating grass." )
Tips: Knowing these basic types of sick sentences, we must master the basic methods of modifying sick sentences.
The "weapon" that Chinese review must have
Examine/consider carefully the questions to be answered or the topics to be written.
Understanding the stem is the premise of answering questions. To understand the stem, we should not only master the basic concepts and terms of Chinese subject such as theme and genre, form and content, but also understand the concepts in context, such as the "aesthetic concept" in question 4. From the context, it can be understood as the pursuit of paper-cut art in content and form, and there is also an explanation of "artistic characteristics and life interest" in the paper.
Explanatory words
The meaning interpretation of modern Chinese in college entrance examination questions is generally contextual, so a suitable subject should be added. This year, "heart" has been added, and its internal logic is analogy, that is, reasoning from the outside to the inside. The word "jun" in ancient Chinese is also a contextual meaning, from things to people, from lofty to arrogant, without subject.
Understand; Understanding
This year's college entrance examination downplayed the name of rhetorical devices and paid attention to the understanding of expression effect. The question 15 emphasized the ability test. In addition, it should be noted that the same rhetorical device has different expressive effects in different styles. At the same time, the understanding of implicit sentences and poems can also be transferred to each other. They are all answering "what and how?" Therefore, this ability can be divided into several levels: first, correctly understand the original meaning of the sentence; Second, analogize or reveal the implied meaning of the sentence; Third, fully understand the organic combination of the basic function of rhetoric or expression and contextual effect; Fourth, the corresponding generalization ability. This basic ability of Chinese should be improved.
Screening and integration of information
The screening of information includes words, sentences, paragraphs and full text. Question 1 Focus on key words. Question 4 focuses on sentence information, question 8 focuses on paragraph information, and question 3 focuses on the full text, which requires integration and generalization. This year's college entrance examination paper pays special attention to the combination of screening and integration, which complicates simple problems. The answer to the fourth question is "pursuing colorful styles", which is not appropriate. According to the text, it should be "the image of paper-cutting art (virtual and real, concise and clear) has a strong decorative nature." This is in line with the prompt of "form" and the explanation of "artistic characteristics" in the article. The answer to question 8 is not appropriate either. It should be hierarchical integration, and the answer is classified integration. My reference answer is "Vienna can accept all kinds of talents regardless of race and live in harmony with them;" This kind of culture combines all western cultures and enhances Zweig's sense of world citizenship. "Therefore, the basic requirements of integration are: paying attention to the structural thinking of the text and being good at screening and integrating information; Pay attention to the comprehensive information of classification and stratification; Pay attention to specific information, such as the choice and change of words and sentences, such as the use of affirmative sentences; For example, adjust the angle of information.
develop
The last questions of the two modern texts, namely, questions 5 and 12, are based on the overall grasp of the text, and the test papers are well designed with questions 1 1 2. According to the written information, the answer to the question 1 1 can be understood as "the war has caused a devastating blow to European culture, and the wounds of the mind and spirit are difficult to heal, which makes people have to express their deep anxiety and thinking about European culture." If we can grasp this core connotation and combine historical facts, our understanding of war and peace will be deeper. So 12 focuses on understanding and expansion. The fifth topic focuses on analogy expansion, making suggestions or writing a speech outline, and requires analogy based on the development factors of paper-cutting art on the basis of understanding the text; You can also compare paper-cutting art according to your understanding of other arts, and then put forward specific and feasible suggestions or speech outlines. It is worth suggesting that we should be open-minded, and it is best to have a sense of the times in content, innovative expression and good publicity. Speculative expansion focuses on the bright and comprehensive dialectical analysis of viewpoints. In short, in view of the open problem, we should comprehensively use three ways to expand and highlight the key points.
summary
The remarkable feature of this year's college entrance examination Chinese paper is the emphasis on generalization ability. Generalization ability is the basic ability of Chinese and the highest ability of reading. The e option of the second question is a summary of the paragraph, which requires students' judgment and is not difficult. Question 8 is synthesis and generalization, which is more difficult. Questions 20, 2 1 and 25 are simple generalizations, but it is not easy to score. The third problem is the generalization beyond the text, that is, it is the most difficult to interpret the text from another angle. However, the questioner deliberately reduced the difficulty. For example, the second point in the answer is the reason why paper-cutting art is popularized, not the reason why paper-cutting art is enduring. 1, 3 points are all about the role of artistic image and the innovation of artistic techniques from the development process of paper-cutting art, so students should pay attention to the multi-directional generalization of events, people and events, and flexibly use basic generalization methods such as classification, stratification and synthesis.
The core connotation of composition
The design of this composition topic, some people say it is bondage, others say it is guidance, for students, it is both, needless to say. The key is to understand its core connotation. First, we should combine our own experiences and feelings, and be good at learning from indirect experiences and feelings, mainly from reading; The second is to have the quality of thinking, mainly the organic combination of logical reasoning (clear hierarchy) and dialectical analysis (from dichotomy to unity of opposites). The profundity of thought comes not only from the choice of angle, but also from the deep understanding and insight into the topic or material. Of course, language expression, material selection and cultural accumulation are also indispensable foundations of composition.
Pay attention to reading teaching under the new curriculum standard of junior middle school Chinese (4)
-Pay attention to reading teaching (4). The improvement of reading ability is a step-by-step process, which needs our usual accumulation.
Fourth, pay attention to the different requirements for students of different grades.
Cultivating students' reading ability is a long and arduous process, which should be gradual? The principle of pertinence, the training objectives and teaching requirements of each grade should be well known. For example, senior one should focus on stimulating students' interest in reading junior high school physics English articles, and the materials are mainly interesting and story-telling articles. After students have a certain interest, they can be asked to give a brief introduction to what they have read after reading an article every day. At the same time, we should gradually cultivate students' ability to guess new words; The focus of senior two is to cultivate students' basic reading thinking ability, such as the ability to understand the details of the article, the ability to understand the expression of words, and the ability to calculate. The reading range can be based on popular science articles such as geography, biology and astronomy. At the same time, teachers should also teach students some reading skills, and on the basis of continuing to cultivate students' guessing ability, adjust students' mentality in the face of new words; The focus of senior three is to cultivate students' deep understanding of the article. For example, cultivate students' reasoning ability and inductive ability.
Conclusion: While paying attention to extensive selection of materials, we should also pay special attention to the training of students' reading skills and problem-solving methods, and continue to cultivate students' ability to guess words and good examination attitude.