Du Mu
Unexpected winning or losing is a man's military plan.
There are many talented people in Jiangdong, and it is not known that the scholar will come again.
Make an appreciative comment
Like the previous poem "Red Cliff", this poem discusses the success or failure of the war and puts forward its own assumptions about the war that has ended in history. In the first sentence, victory or defeat is a common occurrence in military strategists. The second sentence criticized Xiang Yu for not being broad-minded enough and lacking general bearing. Imagine three or four sentences, if Xiang Yu returns to Jiangdong and regroups, maybe he can make a comeback. This sentence regrets Xiang Yu's anger, but the main meaning is to criticize him for not being good at grasping opportunities, not being good at listening to other people's suggestions, and not being good at employing people. Sima Qian once criticized Xiang Yu's stubbornness of "killing me by heaven is not a crime of war" from the perspective of historians. Du Mu, on the other hand, talks about success or failure from the perspective of a military strategist. Both of them pay attention to personnel, but Sima Qian summed up his own lessons and emphasized the reasons for his failure. Du Mu is an imaginary opportunity, emphasizing that military strategists should have foresight and indomitable will.
The first sentence directly points out that winning or losing is common sense of military strategists, and implies that the key lies in how to look at the problem, paving the way for the following. "An accident" means that the victory or defeat is unpredictable.
The second sentence emphasizes that only "protecting shame" is "human". When Xiang Yu was frustrated, he was ashamed to commit suicide. What is a real "man"? This word "human" is reminiscent of self-proclaimed overlord of Chu, who can pull out mountains and be furious. Until his death, he had not found the reason for his failure. He just blamed himself on "bad times" and committed suicide in shame, ashamed of his title of "hero".
The third sentence, "There are many talented people in Jiangdong", is an artistic summary of "Jiangdong is small, with thousands of people, but it is also king" proposed by Tingchang. People have always appreciated Xiang Yu's phrase "I have never met my father and brother in Jiangdong", which shows his integrity. In fact, this just reflects that he is headstrong and can't listen to the advice of Tingchang. He missed Han Xin and angered Fan Zeng. This is really ridiculous. But at this last moment, if he can face the reality, "accept the shame", take the advice, return to Jiangdong and rally again, I'm afraid the number of winners and losers will be hard to measure. That's the last sentence.
"I don't know how to make a comeback" is the most powerful sentence in the poem, which means that there are still many things to do if possible; Unfortunately, Xiang Yu refused to put down his airs and commit suicide. This provides a strong basis for the above sentence or two, and it is quite imposing to see the situation of "Jiangdong children" and "stage a comeback" in one go. At the same time, while regretting, criticizing and satirizing, it also shows the truth of "not losing grace", which is also quite positive.
The unconventional discussion is the characteristic of Du Mu's epic. For example, "The east wind doesn't follow, Tongquetai locks Er Qiao in spring" ("Red Cliff"), "The South Army doesn't show its left sleeves, and the four old men and women destroy Liu" ("Shangshan Sigong Temple") are all opposites, with similar styles. Hu Zai, a poet in the Song Dynasty, called this poem "good differences and good reason" ... 8,000 people from Xiangjia crossed the river, and all of them were spared and lost their hearts. Who wants to attach it? It can't come back, for sure. Wu, a poet in A Qing, refuted Hu Zai in Poems of Past Dynasties, saying that Du Mu "used the method of reversing his conviction to fall into a new layer, which is beneficial to awakening". In fact, from a historical perspective, Hu's accusation is not unreasonable. Wu defended Du Mu mainly because this poem was used as an excuse to promote indomitable spirit, which is desirable.
red wall
Du Mu
A broken iron halberd sank into the sand and disappeared, only to find that it was the remnant of Battle of Red Cliffs after grinding and washing.
If the east wind is not convenient for Zhou Yu, I'm afraid the outcome will be Cao Cao's victory and Er Qiao's detention in Tongquetai.
In "Red Cliff" written by Du Mu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, a phrase "Sand iron is not sold, I will wash it and recognize the former dynasty" laments the rise of an antique; What's even better is that the phrase "The east wind doesn't follow, and the bronze sparrow terrace locks Er Qiao in spring" symbolizes the fate of the country with two beautiful women, which is really unique.