Problem description:
Please give me a detailed information about Holderlin.
Analysis:
Holderlin chronology
Friedrich H?lderlin 1770- 1843
This famous German lyric poet was almost forgotten in the last hundred years after his death. It was not until the middle of the 20th century that he was rediscovered in Germany and established a reputation in Europe.
Lao Fen was born in Swabia. His father died a long time ago. His mother is the daughter of a priest. He studied in Den Kendoff and Morblon Monastery successively, and obtained a master's degree from the Theological School of Tubingen University at 1788- 1793.
Ge served as a priest. But he later became a priest, because the Christian dogma he accepted was incompatible with the Greek mythology he devoted himself to studying. He believed that the Greek gods were real forces. For him, the poet
His duty is to act as an intermediary between God and mankind.
I met Schiller at 1793. Some of his poems, such as Xu Furong, were published in Schiller's publication New Thalia. Inspired by the French spirit, these poems praise freedom, humanity, harmony, friendship and nature.
After 1798, he still finished the second volume of Xu Furong's Death of empedocles, Menon's Elegy of Diotima, Noodles and Wine, and translated Sophocles' antigone and Oedipus.
1843 died in Tubingen and spent the last 36 years in insanity.
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Holderlin (1770 ~ 1843)
h？ Friedrich Aldrin
German poet. 1770 was born in Lao Fen on the Neckar River on March 20th, and 1843 died in Tubingen on June 7th. He studied in Kendoff and Morbron Monastery School in his early years. 1788 ~ 1793 studied theology at tubingen theological seminary. Since 1793, she has worked as a tutor in Waltershausen, Frankfurt, Haupt, and Bordeaux, France. 1798 later suffered from schizophrenia due to frustration in love, and walked back to his hometown on 1802. 1804 working as a librarian in Holmborg. Since 1807, he has been completely insane and can't take care of himself.
I began to write poems while studying at the Theological Seminary in Tiebingen. Influenced by Klopsch Tok and Schiller, my early works are full of revolutionary enthusiasm, and most of them eulogize freedom, harmony, friendship and nature in the form of classical ode. In later poems, humanitarianism and love for the motherland are intertwined, and gradually turn to the form of ancient Greek poetry and free rhythm, which is artistic perfection. His representative works include Ode to Freedom, Ode to Mankind, Die for the Motherland, Sunset, Menon's Mourning for Diotima, Wanderer, Returning to Hometown, Aegean Islands, To Mother Earth, Rhine River and Homesickness. His only epistolary novel, Xu Peilian, is his famous work. The protagonist Xu Peilian is a Greek youth in the18th century. He loved life and longed for freedom, and took part in the 1770 struggle against Turkey. In the decadent social reality, the ideal became a bubble, and the beloved Dior Tima died unfortunately, and she felt pessimistic and lonely. This novel has strong expressive color and beautiful language. Written in 1796 ~ 1800, the tragedy "The Death of empedocles (Unfinished)" tells the story of empedocles, an ancient Greek philosopher, who jumped into the crater of Mount Etna in the 5th century BC, indicating that to create new things, the old things must be completely destroyed.
Holderlin also translated Sophocles' two tragedies, King Oedipus and antigone, which were well received.
Holderlin's works express his ideal of getting rid of absolutism in his motherland, and his tireless pursuit of ancient Greece is a criticism of the current situation in Germany. He advocates educating the new generation so that their personalities can be fully and harmoniously developed. Most of his works have the connotation of utopian classicism, and at the same time pay attention to the expression of subjective feelings, showing melancholy and lonely emotions, reflecting the irreconcilable ideal and reality, with the characteristics of romanticism. Holderlin used his works to build a bridge between classicism and romanticism. This poet was neglected during his lifetime and in the19th century, and was rediscovered in the early 20th century, and the value of his works was re-recognized.