Analysis of students' situation:
The current teaching situation is undoubtedly extremely unfavorable to the cultivation of students' literary appreciation ability. As far as poetry is concerned, students generally only pay attention to literal understanding and lack taste. In recent years, the scores of poetry appreciation questions have been increased in the college entrance examination papers, which should be a good guide. As far as the two classes I teach are concerned, the analytical ability of liberal arts classes is slightly better than that of science classes, but on the whole, students are not interested in poetry.
Preparation before class:
1. Ask students to read the chapter of unit knowledge "Modern Poetry Appreciation" carefully and get a general understanding of the forms and essentials of poetry appreciation.
2. Prepare for Qinyuanchun? Changsha audio tape.
Teaching purpose:
1. Analyze the writing theme and artistic conception of the works, and appreciate the great talent and revolutionary pride of great men.
2. Understand the lyrical features of poetry.
3. Recite the whole word in class.
Teaching emphases and difficulties:
1, clarify the author's thinking
2. Understand the characteristics of borrowing scenery to express emotion.
3. Understanding the artistic conception of words [difficulties]
Teaching material analysis:
First, the writing background.
This word was written in 1925. A year before the Northern Expedition, farmers' movements were launched in more than a dozen provinces across the country. Comrade Mao Zedong directly led the peasant movement in Hunan, successively established more than 20 peasant associations in Shaoshan and other places, and founded the first party branch of Hunan peasants-Shaoshan branch. 1925 10, Comrade Mao Zedong set up a national peasant movement workshop from Shaoshan to Guangzhou, passing through Changsha and revisiting Orange Island. Facing the gorgeous autumn scenery, he recalled the past years and wrote this word.
Second, the theme.
Through the description of Changsha autumn scenery and the recollection of his revolutionary struggle life in his youth, this word expresses the revolutionary youth's feelings for the destiny of the country and their lofty aspirations of taking the world as their own responsibility, despising reactionary rulers and transforming old China.
Third, the structural characteristics
The whole poem is divided into two parts, the first part describes the scenery, depicts the beautiful and spectacular late autumn scenery of Xiangjiang River, expresses the immediate feelings and puts forward the question of who should dominate the vast land.
Fourthly, the characteristics of lyric works by borrowing scenery.
The lyricism of the scene naturally leads to problems, and the following is clever and sober. The first three paragraphs of Shangque define the time, place and environment. Then a "look" always leads to seven sentences, depicting a colorful picture of autumn scenery seen by an independent orange island. The poet chose several typical scenes from the mountains, rivers, sky and underwater to describe them, that is, the scenery is dynamic, the distance is combined, the contrast is sharp and full of vitality. The last sentence extends from the mountains, trees, water, boats, eagles and fish in front of us to everything in the world, and makes a philosophical summary of the situation that everything is thriving and self-reliant in the cold autumn. Naturally, it sets off the background and prepares the atmosphere for the lyric behind. Xia Gan revisited his old place alone from uptown, naturally associating with his former comrades-in-arms, and evoking memories of past lives. One word "memory" dominates eight sentences, which summarizes the fighting style and heroism of the early proletarian soldiers. Finally, at the end of the rhetorical question, I gave an artistic answer to Shang Xun's question.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) expressive language
The language of this word is accurate, vivid and expressive. For example, "the mountains are all red and the forests are all dyed", the word "ten thousand" describes the number of mountains, and the word "times" describes the breadth of red. The word "layer" shows the overlapping of forests, while the word "dye" vividly describes the maple forest in Yuelu Mountain, as if it were artificially dyed. The word "Blue Head over the River, Hundred Ges Fighting for Flow" describes the close-up view, the word "Man" describes the flooding of the river, the word "Head" describes the green and clear river, and the word "Hundred" describes many Ges, while the word "Dou" adds a high-spirited and enterprising atmosphere to the green and dust-free river, vividly showing the warm scene of Qian Fan competing for development and competing for beauty. "Eagle Strikes the Sky" uses "strike" instead of "fly", which accurately describes the vigorous and brave posture of the eagle flapping its wings quickly and forcefully. "Fish Xiang shallow bottom" uses "Xiang" instead of "swim", which accurately describes the state of the bird hovering back without flapping its wings, and is used to describe the free and brisk expression of the swimming fish in the water, which is vivid.
Sixth, the unique artistic conception.
There is a picture above and below the whole word. The top describes the beautiful and spectacular scenery of Xiangjiang River in late autumn, which means that everything is vigorous and self-reliant. Xia Kun showed a map of revolutionary struggle in which revolutionaries took the world as their responsibility, persevered and bravely advanced.
Teaching methods:
Grasp the key words and adopt the form of classroom discussion.
Teaching schedule: one teaching time.
Teaching process:
I. Introduction [about three minutes]
Start by asking the students which poem of Mao Zedong they have studied, and introduce the new lesson. [For example, "Yongmei" learned in the last semester of Senior Two]
Second, introduce the background and theme of this word by combining preview tips and notes (1). [About three minutes]
Clear:
1. For an introduction to the background of the times, see teaching material analysis I.
2. For the theme of this word, see teaching material analysis II.
Third, read the text aloud and cultivate a sense of language.
Play the recording to guide students to read aloud repeatedly, and ask students to read their feelings and taste the artistic conception of words through reading aloud. [Play the tape twice, about two minutes. Students read it twice alone, once for about four minutes. ]
Four. Discussion and analysis: [about 28 minutes]
1, recite the following words in combination with notes:
The Liao profile of the white dove is majestic and heavy.
Zhenghong lashed out at Fang Qiu.
Key point: the intentional use of "dung"
Supplementary note: the word "lai" of "lai" is an auxiliary word and has no meaning.
Step 2 ask questions:
What did the first three issues of "Independent Cold Autumn, Xiangjiang River North, Orange Island" make clear?
Clear: point out the time, place and specific environment.
In late autumn, I stood alone in Orange Island, and the Xiangjiang River ran north day and night.
Step 3 ask questions:
What is the artistic conception of the word "independence"?
Clear:
(1) Write a scene of a person visiting, looking far away and meditating here;
(2) Taking care of Xia Gan's "I took 100 couples to swim" at the beginning, it shows that today is a person revisiting the old place.
(3) According to the analysis and comments of Cold Autumn, we can see that the great proletarian leader stands tall in the stormy waves of revolutionary struggle.
Step 4 ask questions:
The word "look" leads to which of the following sentences? How to understand the meaning of these sentences?
Clear:
⑴ The beginning of the word "Look" reads: "All the mountains are red ... All kinds of frosty days strive for freedom", which depicts a colorful painting of autumn scenery seen by an independent orange island.
⑵ The poet chose several typical scenery to describe from mountains, rivers, sky and underwater. Wanshan: refers to Yuelu Mountain on the west bank of Xiangjiang River and many nearby peaks. Ten thousand means a lot. Red film: refers to the dense maple forest in Yuelu Mountain area. Qiu Lai is frosted and the mountain color turns red. Bitou: The river is green and crystal clear. "Tou", "Ji" and "Bian" are all adverbs. Race: Race driving. Sky: the vast sky. Shallow bottom: the water is crystal clear and shallow, not really shallow. All kinds: everything. First frost Day: Autumn.
These words mean: from a distance, maple trees overlap and turn red after frost. Close up, the green and clear Xiangjiang River is crowded with countless ships. Eagles fly high in the sky, fish swim freely in the river, and everything in the universe is racing upwards and developing vigorously.
Key points: The chairman's improvisation shows the greatness and ambition of great men. In just a few words, there are mountains, trees, water, boats, eagles, fish and even everything in the world. There are both distant and close-up views, as well as static and dynamic views. Besides, there are many landscapes, such as Wanshan, Layered Forest, Manjiang, Dove and Wan Lei. Such as "time", "exhaustion" and "transparency" Extraordinary bearing.
(3) Focus on understanding the artistic conception of "mountains and plains", that is, unfold a colorful autumn color map of Xiangjiang River. It also symbolizes the vigorous development of the workers and peasants movement and the excellent revolutionary situation at that time.
Step 5 ask questions:
What do the last three sentences mean and what does it have to do with the previous content?
Clear:
(1) The general idea of these three sentences is: In the face of this vibrant world, how can you not make you think: who is the real master of your destiny in the vastness?
(2) The first content is the scene, and the last three sentences are lyrical. The technique of "symbol" is used in the scene. At the same time, due to the use of "Fu", the words and sentences are coherent and extraordinary, which also paves the way for the later "Xing" and prepares a sufficient background atmosphere for lyricism. [Explain in combination with "Thinking Exercise 1"]
7. ask questions:
What words will the word "memory" lead to? What do these words mean?
Clear:
(1) takes up "just the dirt of classmates and teenagers ... Wan Huhou".
(2) The general idea is that the students at that time were young, radiant, brilliant and enthusiastic about the revolution. They often commented on state affairs together and wrote articles criticizing evil and praising goodness. Treat reactionary rulers like dirt.
8. ask questions:
What do the last few sentences mean? What's the function in expression?
Clear:
(1) The general idea of these sentences is: Do you remember? When we were swimming in the river, the waves almost stopped the fast-moving ships.
(2) Function: Ending with a question is actually a clever answer to the "ups and downs of the Lord"-just like hitting water in the middle of the year, bravely joining the revolutionary storm, courageously marching forward and shouldering the great responsibility of dominating the destiny and future of the country.
9. Summarize Xia Kun's meaning: Xia Kun is lyrical. Through memories, he vividly summarized the fighting style and heroism of * * * heroic soldiers, and artistically answered the question of "Who is in charge of ups and downs".
10, summary
(1) Structural features of the works [see teaching material analysis III for details]. (2) The characteristics of borrowing scenery to express emotion [see teaching material analysis IV for details].
Recite the verb (abbreviation for verb) [about four minutes]
1. Listen to the tape again and ask the students to repeat.
2. Students recite it several times.
3, qi back.
Intransitive verb homework [about one minute]
Write a scene description of about 200 words according to the content of the word "Look".
Seven, class is over
[book with blackboard]
Where is Qin? Changsha
Shang Kun: Live Lyric [Question]
Description: Mountains, forests, rivers, kudzu, eagles, fish, all kinds.
Lyric: melancholy, ask
Xia Gan: Memories and Lyrics [Clever Answer] Summary:
1, with clear thinking and ingenious conception.
2. Use words when the artistic conception is profound.
[Postscript of Teaching]
Poetry teaching focuses on teaching students to appreciate, and the highest level is to let students understand the artistic conception of works and taste the connotation of works, that is, to grasp the "soul" of works. Therefore, the analysis of poetry is different from other literary genres.
Teaching students to read aloud is an effective means of poetry teaching. As the saying goes, "read a hundred times before you see what you mean." Only by reading aloud can we better understand the artistic conception of poetry; Only by reading aloud can we accurately grasp the charm of poetry. Being able to read does not necessarily mean being able to read, so it is many times better for students to read one by one than for students to read together.