1. "Beauty" refers to a state in which the material environment and state of mind meet calmly (or "harmony between man and nature"). On the 30,000-hectare lake, I placed my boat with a leaf, which was quite natural and completely used by me, effectively setting off the poet's heroism. "Clear inside and outside" is not only the transparency of Dongting Lake, but also marks the extremely noble ideological realm of being open-minded and consistent inside and outside. Dongting Lake has clear scenery under the moon, and the poet's mind is also broad-minded and heroic, and heaven and man are one.
2.① Metaphor: Jade Sword and Qiongtian is a metaphor for the clear lake. ("The liver and gallbladder are cracked, the ice and snow" is a metaphor for one's frankness)
(2) Exaggeration: "Exhausting the Xijiang River and carefully toppling the Beidou", taking the water of Xijiang River as wine and Beidou as a cup, wrote the poet's lofty sentiments.
(3) Duality: "Su Yue Fenhui, Ming River * * * Shadow", wrote the Dongting Lake water and the sky set each other off, blending up and down.