Prepare chicken and rice for me, old friend. You entertain me on your farm. Green Woods surround the village and green hills are located outside the city. Open the window facing the valley vegetable garden and pass the glass to talk about crops. Please come here to see chrysanthemums when the ninth festival comes.
Source Tang Meng Haoran "Passing the Old Village"
Meaning: get ready. Xuan: Windows. The main idea of the poem is that my old friend prepared chicken and yellow rice and invited me to the farmhouse. Lush green trees surround the village in front of us, and from a distance, a green hill leans outside the city. Open the window to the yard, drinking wine and chatting about the harvest of farmers such as Sang Ma. I will come to see chrysanthemums again when the Double Ninth Festival is crisp in autumn. This poem depicts an idyllic scene in a fresh and simple style, full of life breath, and expresses the poet's enthusiasm for farm life and sincere feelings for simple farmers.
Whole poem
Passing through the village of the old man
. Tang. Meng Haoran.
This old friend prepared a delicious meal and invited me to his hospitable farm.
Green Woods surround the village and green hills are located outside the city.
Open the window facing the valley vegetable garden and pass the glass to talk about crops.
Please come here to see chrysanthemums when the ninth festival comes.
Appreciation of whole poem
This poem describes the whole process of "I" being invited to visit "Old Friends Village". At first glance, they are all landscape narratives, and there seems to be no emotion. In fact, every line of poetry is full of deep affection between subject and object. Therefore, this is an idyllic poem with perfect combination of scenery, narration and lyricism.
The first couplet "prepare chicken and rice for me, old friend, you entertain me on your farm." My old friend invited me, and I came as soon as I was invited. This is exactly what happens between close friends who have deep friendship and do not need to be polite. Moreover, this "old friend" is killing chickens and cooking yellow rice that was regarded as the top grade in ancient times, which shows his hospitality. It can be seen that this couplet not only points out the theme, but also embodies the friendship between subject and object.
"We looked at the green trees around your village and the pale blue of the mountains in the distance. We open your window in the garden and field, and talk about mulberry and hemp with our cups in our hands. " In the poem, the chin and neck are connected together, showing the purity of the pastoral scenery: outside the village, there are faint green hills, which are connected across; On the edge of the village, lush green trees surround it; In the village, the threshing floor smells of earth, the fragrance of cauliflower wafts from the vegetable garden, and green Sang Ma can be seen in the fields. What a beautiful and simple pastoral scenery it is! It does not have the gorgeous beauty of brocade, but it has the pure beauty of quiet and elegant. It gives people a quiet, open and comfortable feeling, which makes people envious.
The couplets of chin and neck also show the simplicity of farm life. In the warm sunshine, the host and guests opened the window and drank a toast. There are hot chicken and rice on the table, and there are green trees, green hills, nurseries and Sang Ma outside the window. They talked about agriculture while drinking. It can really be said that "there are no miscellaneous words when we meet, and the road in Sang Ma is long" (the second part of Tao Yuanming's Return to the Countryside). It seems unnecessary to care about everything in the world. From this we can see his indifferent heart, calm temperament and magnanimous mind. Moreover, although the food here is very rich, but the form is very casual, without that kind of secular etiquette and ostentation and extravagance, it looks leisurely and chic! Between these lines, they are full of the joy of rural life, showing the sincere love of the host and guests for farm life. This kind of farm life is quiet and simple compared with the official life of intrigue and fame and fortune at that time.
Tail couplet: "Wait until the mountain holiday, I will come back at chrysanthemum time." This couplet fully expresses the purity of human feelings between subject and object. "I" came by invitation this time, but I took the initiative to make an appointment with my host without waiting for the invitation. This undisguised and childlike language is far better than the usual reward. From being invited at the beginning to coming to the farewell party uninvited, the reflection from beginning to end not only further illustrates their cordial and sincere feelings, but also points out that this pure feeling strongly attracts me, and they are looking forward to meeting again when they are about to break up. In addition, the appointment of "I" is not a courtesy virtual appointment, but a sincere real appointment. Because "I" not only chose the time for our next meeting-Chongyang, but also determined the content of the date-enjoying chrysanthemums. And enjoying chrysanthemums on Chongyang has its own beautiful meaning. Cao Pi said, "The New Year has arrived in June, and the ninth day of September suddenly comes again. Nine is the number of yang, and the sun and the moon should be combined. Vulgarity praises its name and thinks it is suitable for a long time. As for Fang Ju, she is so proud that I would like to present a bunch of flowers to help Peng Zu. " (and Zhong You's book) It can be seen that "I" chose to go to an old friend's house to enjoy chrysanthemums on the Double Ninth Festival, which is full of good wishes for his health and longevity.
In a word, the friendship between the host and the guest, the rural scenery and the farmers' life are permeated and blended with each other, and they are natural and isomorphic, which has become a complete pure artistic conception.
In the pure beauty realm of this poem, there is also a lyric hero-"I". He loves all the pure and beautiful things in the old village, which strongly attracts him. In him, it embodies the theme of poetry: cherish the true friendship between host and guest, appreciate the beautiful rural scenery and love the simple farm life. This lyric hero is the poet himself. He is "charming" and is a hermit image in the prosperous era of Kaiyuan. His expression, praise and yearning for pure beauty in this poem embodies the poet's personality and sincere pure beauty.
In order to create a pure and beautiful artistic conception perfectly, poets turn rich life content, profound sentiment and rich poetry into the simplest and purest language and speak freely. Poets "don't build poetry tightly in a couplet or a sentence, but dilute it and disperse it evenly throughout the whole article", so that they are "too weak to see poetry" (Meng Haoran of Wen Yiduo). Simple language, simple writing and simple painting in the poem highlight the pure beauty of the content. When we read this poem, it's like drinking plain and heavy alcohol mash. After reciting and savoring repeatedly, we can't help being intoxicated with the pure and beautiful artistic conception created by the poet.
Expand knowledge:
Meng Haoran (689-740), whose real name is Haoran, was born in Xiangyang, Xiangzhou (now Xiangyang, Hubei), a famous pastoral poet in the Tang Dynasty, and was known as "Meng Xiangyang" in the world. Because he has never been an official, he is also called Monsanto. Haoran is not very virtuous. He likes to help people in trouble and takes poetry as his career. At the age of forty, when I visited the capital, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty recited his poems, reaching the language of "I was exiled by a wise ruler because of my mistakes". Xuanzong said, "Since Qing didn't ask for an official position and I never abandoned her, why did you falsely accuse me?" After his release, he lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain and wrote more than 200 poems.