Li Bai (February 8, 7065438+0—February 65438+February 762), a great romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty, was called "Poet Fairy" by later generations, and was also called "Du Li" with Du Fu in order to be "small" with the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu. Li Zhimin, a professor at Peking University, commented: "Li Bai's poems breathe the universe and take it by surprise; Du Fu's poems are sublime, originated from Confucianism, and have reached the realm of harmony between man and nature, so they can be superb. " ? Old Tang Book records that Li Bai is from Shandong? ; According to the New Tang Book, Li Bai is the grandson of King Li Gui IX of Li Tang. He is cheerful and generous, loves to drink and write poems, and likes to make friends? .
Li Bai was deeply influenced by Huang Lao's idea of sorting out villages. Li Taibai's poems have been handed down from generation to generation, and most of his poems were written when he was drunk. His representative works include Looking at Lushan Waterfall, it is hard to go, Difficult Road to Shu, Entering Wine, Fu Zhi, and First Making Baidicheng. ? [
There are biographies of Li Bai's Ci and Fu in the Song Dynasty (such as Wen Ying's Xiang Ji). As far as its pioneering significance and artistic achievements are concerned, Li Bai's Ci Fu enjoys a high status.
The origin of the name
The first statement: When Li Bai was seven years old, his father wanted to give his son a formal name. Li Bai's parents love reading and want to cultivate their son into a refined and refined person. Father usually likes to teach children to read and write poems. When he was brewing his name, he discussed with his mother and tested his son's ability to write poetry while walking in the yard.
My father looked at the lush flowers and trees in the spring courtyard and began to recite poems: "Spring sends warm flowers, and early spring comes." Mother went on to say, "burning leaves and red clouds have fallen." Li Bai knew that his parents had memorized the first three sentences of the poem and deliberately left the last sentence, hoping to continue. He went to the blooming plum blossom, thought for a moment and said, "Plum blossoms are in full bloom."
"White"-didn't you say Li Hua's holiness and elegance? The father had a brainwave and decided to choose the words "Li" and "Bai" at the beginning and end of the wonderful sentence as the children's names, so he named his seven-year-old son "Li Bai".
The second way of saying it: Li said in the Preface to the Collection of Caotang: "He fled to Shu, later referred to as Li Shu, and was born in Bai Yang. Surprised at the dusk of ginger, Chang Geng fell asleep. So I was born with a white name and an ethereal white character. " Fan's "Tombstone of Tang Zuo's Hanlin Bachelor Li" wrote: "It is also true that the male is born, and the first husband refers to Tian (Li) to withdraw the compound surname. The first lady dreams of Chang Geng and declares good luck, and the name and words are salty and vivid."
From the above documents, we can easily see that Li Bai's name was born after his father returned to Shu to resume his surname. Li's mother became pregnant after dreaming of the Taibai Venus, and gave birth to Li Bai in unbearable pain. Li Bai's name comes from this dream.
In the first year of Chang 'an in Tang Dynasty, Li Bai was born in the last year of Wu Zetian in 70 1 year. Li Bai studied a wide range of contents in his youth. In addition to Confucian classics and ancient literary and historical masterpieces, he also browsed books with a hundred schools of thought contending. He always thought that he liked Taoism and lived in seclusion in the mountains to seek immortality and learn Taoism. At the same time, he has the political ambition to make contributions. On the one hand, it is necessary to be a hermit immortal beyond the secular world, on the other hand, it is necessary to be an assistant to the monarch, which has formed the contradiction between being born and entering the WTO. However, actively joining the WTO and worrying about the country and the people are the mainstream of his life thoughts and the ideological basis for the progress of his works. Poems written by Li Bai in Shu during his youth are rarely preserved, but articles such as Wandering Taoist and Yuege on Mount Emei show outstanding talents.
Personality assessment
Du Fu: "The pen is shaken by the wind and rain, and the poem makes the gods cry." (Send Li Twelve White and Twenty Rhymes)
Du Fu: "Qing Xin Yu rises from the government, Jun Yibao joins the army" ("Spring Back to Li Bai")
Xin Qiji: "I don't believe that the world is too long when there was Zhao Yang in the palace. The bright moon is still good when it enters the river, and the bones buried in the green hills are still fragrant. Go crazy on the Miluo River without looking for a mountain companion. I have to ride a whale back, sweating like a pig, so I came to wave. " ("Recalling Li Bai")
Du Fu: "One hundred poems of Li Bai's fighting for wine are buried in Chang 'an Restaurant. The emperor called instead of getting on the boat, claiming that the minister was Brewmaster. " (Song of the Eight Immortals in Drinking)
He Zhang Zhi: "Immortality" (poem of skill).
Hao Wei: "Bai has been fighting with the ancients for a long time, and he is obsessed with ghosts." Many scholars speak highly of Li Bai.
Su Shi: "Li Taibai and Du Zimei, with peerless attitude, have crossed over a hundred generations, and all poets in ancient and modern times have been abandoned. However, since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the wind and dust have also decreased. " (After Huang Zisi's poetry anthology)
Han Yu: "Du Li's article is in full swing." ("Adjusting Zhang Ji")
Li Bai's poems and songs, Pei Min's sword dance and Zhang Xu's cursive script in the Tang Dynasty are called "Three Musts".
Bai Juyi: "Anyone who is also a master of poetry is called Du Li's works in the world. This is incredible, people can't catch it. "
Huang Jinxiang: "Only Li and Du hold Tang poems!"
Yang Sheng 'an: Li Taibai is an ancient and modern poet. (Preface to Selected Poems of Zhou Shou 'an)
Yan Yu: There is no difference between Li and Du Ergong. Taibai has one or two beauties, and the beauty of the son cannot be said; Zi Mei has one or two beauties, too white. The beauty of children should not be too white and elegant. Taibai can't be depressed for the beauty of children. Taibai's Sleepwalking in Tianmu, Farewell, etc. The beauty of a child cannot be said. Zimei's "Northern Expedition", "Military Vehicle Shop" and "Farewell the Old and Welcome the New" are too white to do. On Li and Du as the foundation of poetry, and emperors as the support of ministers. Shaoling's poems are like Sun Wu's. Taibai's poetic style is like Li Guang. ("Cang Hua")
Wang Shizhen: Li Qinglian and Wang Longbiao are the best at five-character quatrains. They say that they are good at playing because they have a swan song of the Tang Dynasty. Although Shaoling is a fierce enemy, its charm is extremely unpredictable. (Yi Yan Yuan Yan)
Fu Ruojin: Taibai's genius is free, so his poems are self-contained. Zi's aesthetics is excellent and talented, so his poems have many styles, and the planting principle is mostly weathering. There are 300 poems, and the beauty of children is a masterpiece. (Qingjiangji)
Gao Kun: The lyrics of Taibai Fairy are successful in many words, so Yuefu lyrics are salty and good. Or it began with an article "Difficult Road to Shu", which was loved by the sage. This is a pity for people with shallow material. Otherwise it will be the same. The meaning of white is not limited. Today, his works, such as Farewell, Sauvignon Blanc, Wuqi Qu, Gao Ming Qu, Liangyuan Yin, Tianmu Yin and Lushan Ballad, are short in duration and magnificent, almost as high as the autumn atmosphere in Nanshan. Although Shaoling still has some concessions, Yu Zi is insignificant. (Collection of Tang Poems)
Lu: "Tang came from Li, and Kun Yao lived all his life. The poet who speaks after it is out of reach. " (Preface to Jiangxi School)
Yu Guangzhong: "Wine enters luxury intestines, seven parts are moonlight, and the other three parts are firm but gentle. When the embroidered mouth spits, it is half a prosperous Tang Dynasty. "