Mujiangyin Bai Juyi
A sunset gradually sank into the river, half green and half green.
The loveliest thing is the ninth day of September. The bright pearl's bright crescent moon is shaped like a bow.
The main idea of the poem is: in the evening, the sun is aligned with the horizontal line, dyeing half of the river green and the other half red. Late autumn night, the leaves are dotted with crystal dew, like pearls. The crescent moon bends like a bow.
Enjoy 1
Ode to Mujiang is one of Bai Juyi's "miscellaneous poems". The characteristic of these poems is that they recite one thing one by one and sing their true and natural feelings one by one.
The poet chose two groups of scenery to describe the period from the setting of the sun to the rising of the new moon. The first two sentences are about the river at sunset. "A sunset is spreading in the water". The sunset shines on the river, but it means "spreading" instead of "taking pictures". This is because Sunset is close to the horizon and almost touches the ground. It really seems to be "paved" on the river, which is very vivid. The word "shop" is also gentle, which says the softness of autumn sunset, giving people a cordial and leisurely feeling. "Half the river is rustling, half the river is red", the weather is clear and windless, the river flows slowly, and there are tiny ripples on the river. The part that receives more light shows "red"; Where there is little light, there is dark blue. The poet grasped the two colors on the river, but showed the scene that the river was sparkling at dusk and the color changed rapidly in the sunset. The poet was intoxicated and put his happiness in the description of the scenery.
The last two sentences are about the night scene when the new moon rises. The poet lingered until the early moon rose, the cool dew fell and a better realm appeared in front of him. The poet leaned over and looked at it: Hehe, the grass by the river is covered with crystal dew. Dewdrops on the green grass look like pearls embedded in it! With the metaphor of "real pearl", not only the roundness of dew is written, but also the luster of dew shining under the new moon. Look up again: a crescent moon rises, just like hanging a delicate bow in the blue sky! The poet condensed two scenes in heaven and earth into a poem-"Dew is like a pearl, and the moon is like a bow". From the crescent moon bent like a bow, the author remembered that it was "the third night of September", and could not help but blurt out his lovely praise for it, expressing his feelings directly, pushing his feelings to a climax and causing waves in his poems.
What a harmonious and peaceful artistic conception the poet created by describing the two visual images of "dew" and "moon"! With such a novel and ingenious metaphor, it is amazing to describe and color nature in detail. There seems to be a lack of time connection between describing the sunset river and praising the moon dew, but the night on the third day of September virtually connects time, with the dusk above and the dewdrop moon below, which means that the poet enjoys the moon from dusk until it is exposed, which contains the poet's joy and love for nature.
This poem was written by Bai Juyi on his way to Hangzhou as a secretariat in the second year of Changqing (822). At that time, politics was dark, and the struggle between Niu and Li was fierce. The poet tasted the taste of being an official and asked to go abroad. This poem reflects the poet's relaxed and happy mood after leaving the court. What I saw in the tour was all sung casually, with fresh style and natural satisfaction, which gave people a beautiful enjoyment after reading it. (Zhang Yanji)
Appreciate II
Aesthetic Discovery of "The World is Clear" —— Appreciation of Bai Juyi's Ode to Mujiang
This landscape poem was written in the second year of Tang Changqing (822). In July of this year, Bai Juyi was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou by the secretariat of Zhongshu, passing through Xiangyang and Hankou, and resisted on October 1. This poem is regarded as a trip to Hangzhou.
The beauty of the whole poem lies in taking two beautiful pictures of nature and combining them. One is the gorgeous scene of the sunset reflected on the river, and the other is the hazy night when the crescent moon rises and the dew is crystal clear. Both of them have their own beautiful scenery, and reading together is even more wonderful. It is precisely because they show a movement process of time and space displacement that they secretly point out the length of the poet's visit time and interest. Therefore, it artistically shows the poet's aesthetic course of being infected and intoxicated by natural scenery. Because this poem permeated the relaxed and happy liberation mood and personality of the poet after he was forced to stay away from the imperial court, the whole poem became the artistic carrier of the poet's aesthetic psychological function in a specific situation.
"The sunset spread in the water." Saying "shop" is more vivid and accurate than saying "photo". "Sunset" not only shines on the river, but also the whole sky is dyed red by the afterglow. The flaming sunset falls on the quiet river and spreads. Under the enthusiastic escort of the sunset, the sunset glow blends into the river, and the beautiful scenery is so charming. In the Ming Dynasty, Yang Shen's Collection outside Sheng 'an quoted other poems of Bai Juyi, such as "Gray on both sides, whispering in the middle"; It can be seen that poets often like to use the word "rustling" to describe the blue color of water waves. His Poems on Sheng 'an commented on this poem in this way: "The poem is full of charm, saying that the sun sets, the blue of the half river is like a rustling color, and the red sun reflects the half river. It can be said that work is a painting. "This wonderful scenery is sparkling, verdant and changing rapidly. As the poem" Poetry of Tang and Song Dynasties "commented," it is a colorful picture of Qiu Jiang ".
Mr. Zong Baihua said: "Artistic conception is not a natural reproduction of a single plane, but a deep creation." (The birth of China's artistic conception) If the famous sentence about the sunset scenery along the Chunjiang River in Xie Tiao's "Shangsanshan Evening Wangjing Town" in the Southern Dynasties: "Yu Xia is magnificent, and Chengjiang is quiet as practice", it is purely the accumulation and externalization of the literary and artistic thoughts of that era (Zhong Rong's "Poetry") in Xie Tiao's aesthetic consciousness; It only describes a concentrated moment at sunset, like a faint sketch by the river; Then, Bai Juyi's "A wisp of setting sun is sprinkled in the water, half the river is rustling, and half the river is red" is the literary trend of thought since the prosperous Tang Dynasty, that is, "Seeking images, being at ease in the environment, knowing God from things, and getting from the heart" (for Wang Changling, see "Tang Yin Deception", Volume II). In Bai Juyi's works, the artistic conception is condensed by aesthetics. It artistically shows a process of moving in time and space, which is not only a magnificent watercolor painting, but also a set of shots in a color film. As a result, with the passage of a long shot, our aesthetic consciousness quickly shifted to the "dew like a pearl, moon like a bow" shaken by the combination of long and short shots.
Hegel said: "Poetry is not limited to a certain moment in a certain space and plot like painting, which makes it possible to express it according to the inner depth of the object written and the breadth of its development in time." (Aesthetics, Volume III, Page 6) Among them, the poem "It's three nights in September" is used as the adhesive of inner feelings. It is this unique aesthetic feeling under the consciousness of specific time and space that makes the two lens systems of "half-river sound and half-river red" and "dew like a pearl, moon like a bow" create a dynamic artistic whole. Eisenstein said: "The opposite of two montage shots is not the sum of two numbers, but more like the product of two numbers." This can be understood as an artistic structure with multi-dimensional intersection and two-way feedback of any artistic style, and its artistic implication will be more mellow, rich and three-dimensional, which often brings people a vague and complicated mixed emotion. You see, when the setting sun is reflected, the Shasha River spreading in the sunset disappears into the poet's field of vision unpredictably, and another beautiful and quiet montage lens is gently shaken and stretched out in front of the poet. Looking up, the curved crescent moon hangs and floats in the vast blue sky; Looking down, the crystal dew is condensed and shining on the flowers and plants by the river. It is really "a pearl in spring, a painting on the wall, in a word, all out of the normal environment." The poet could not help but blurt out his praise: "What a lovely night!" This is surprise and intoxication. The poet's incomparable joy and faint artistic conception, his yearning for detachment from things and his quiet interest are clean but very subtle, which makes people ponder and comprehend endlessly. Here, we can witness Wen Yiduo's praise of "Moonlit Night on a Spring River": "A more exclusive cosmic consciousness, a deeper, more spacious and quieter realm. In the face of magical eternity, the author has only consternation, no embarrassment and no sadness. " What he got seemed to be a more mysterious, elegant and upright smile. He is more confused, but he is satisfied. (Palace Poetry Redemption) Isn't it? When we read such a poem today, we can't help but have a mythical reverie: Are the crescent moon in the mysterious blue sky really those little angels flying in the sky? The little fairy opened the open bow. Are those dewdrops small balls that they shot into the blue sky and scattered on the earth in the game? This is really a wonderful realm.
As Bai Juyi's aesthetic discovery of "the clear scenery on earth", Ode to Mujiang will always maintain its wonderful artistic vitality. This poem will always enlighten and awaken us to pay attention to the creation of our own aesthetic psychological function. How poor can life be on the third night of September? ! However, as long as you look at nature from an artistic perspective, you will feel that nature is so affectionate and soothes your soul, so as to feel the warmth and light of life and the fullness and satisfaction of life. This is the sublimation and purification of human nature.